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期刊论文 39

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膨化硝酸铵 3

NO3-N 1

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Recent advances and challenges of nitrogen/nitrate electro catalytic reduction to ammonia synthesis

《能源前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0908-2

摘要: The Haber-Bosch process is the most widely used synthetic ammonia technology at present. Since its invention, it has provided an important guarantee for global food security. However, the traditional Haber-Bosch ammonia synthesis process consumes a lot of energy and causes serious environmental pollution. Under the serious pressure of energy and environment, a green, clean, and sustainable ammonia synthesis route is urgently needed. Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia is a green and mild new method for preparing ammonia, which can directly convert nitrogen or nitrate into ammonia using electricity driven by solar, wind, or water energy, without greenhouse gas and toxic gas emissions. Herein, the basic mechanism of the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia and nitrate reduction reaction (NO3 RR) to ammonia were discussed. The representative approaches and major technologies, such as lithium mediated electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) electrolysis for NRR, high activity catalyst and advanced electrochemical device fabrication for NO3 RR and electrochemical ammonia synthesis were summarized. Based on the above discussion and analysis, the main challenges and development directions for electrochemical ammonia synthesis were further proposed.

关键词: electrochemical ammonia synthesis     nitrogen     nitrate     nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia     nitrate reduction reaction (NO–3 RR)    

硝酸铵膨化理论研究

吕春绪

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第9期   页码 58-63

摘要:

描述了硝酸铵膨化过程,计算与测定了其物理化学参数,研究了膨化过程的影响因素,并给出了膨化过程可能的机理。

关键词: 膨化硝酸铵     膨化理论     物理化学参数     影响因素    

Scrap Iron Filings assisted nitrate and phosphate removal in low C/N waters using mixed microbial culture

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1358-2

摘要:

• Microbes enhance denitrification under varying DO concentrations and SIF dosages.

关键词: Scrap iron filing     Nitrate removal     Phosphate removal     Mixed culture denitrification     Zero valent iron    

Large-scale synthesis of isolated Mn2O3 nanotube/fiber with ferric nitrate as catalyst

ZHANG Aifei, LIU Jiping, L? Guangshu

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 55-58 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0011-y

摘要: Isolated MnO nanotubes and nanofibers were prepared very easily at a large scale with the liquid-phase catalysis method. The MnO nanotubes had dimensions of 30 50 nm (exterior diameter) and 0.2 1.0 ?m (length), approximately. The O nanofibers had dimensions of 10 30 nm (diameter) and 0.4 2.0 ?m (length), approximately. Nano-O with different microstructures including nanotubes, nanofibers and nanoparticles could be selectively synthesized by controlling the contents and proportions of potassium permanganate and ferric nitrate. Ferric nitrate was an ideal catalyst for the preparation of O nanotube/fiber. When cobalt nitrate or nickel nitrate was used as catalyst, only amorphous nano-O was synthesized. X-ray diffraction (XRD) result shows that the O nanotube has a crystalline structure different from o-O, t-O, h-O and ?-O.

关键词: different     nickel     exterior diameter     nanotube     XRD    

New insights into the formation of ammonium nitrate from a physical and chemical level perspective

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1737-6

摘要:

● Factor analysis of ammonium nitrate formation based on thermodynamic theory.

关键词: Ammonium nitrate formation     Thermodynamic theory     Aerosol liquid water content     Source apportionment    

Effect of exhaust gas recirculation and ethyl hexyl nitrate additive on biodiesel fuelled diesel engine

K. VENKATESWARLU, B. S. R MURTHY, V. V. SUBBARAO, K. Vijaya KUMAR

《能源前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 304-310 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0195-9

摘要: Cetane improvers reduce the ignition delay, which in turn reduces the combustion temperatures thereby reduce NO emissions. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) proved to be an effective way to reduce the NO emissions. In this present experimental work, a combination of exhaust gas recirculation and cetane improver ethyl hexyl nitrate (EHN) is used to investigate the performance and exhaust emissions of a single cylinder four stroke naturally aspirated direct injection and air cooled diesel engine. Test results show that the brake thermal efficiency increases with the increase in the percentage of EGR which is accompanied by a reduction in brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperatures, and that bio-diesel with cetane improver under 20% EGR reduces NO emissions by 33% when compared to baseline fuel without EGR. However carbon monoxide (CO), hydro carbon (HC) and smoke emissions increase with an increase in percentage of EGR.

关键词: additive     exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)     emissions     ethyl hexyl nitrate (EHN)     performance    

Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 348-361 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0343-1

摘要: The UCD/CIT model was modified to include a process analysis (PA) scheme for gas and particulate matter (PM) to study the formation of secondary nitrate aerosol during a stagnant wintertime air pollution episode during the California Regional PM /PM Air Quality Study (CRPAQS) where detailed measurements of PM components are available at a few sites. Secondary nitrate is formed in the urban areas from near the ground to a few hundred meters above the surface during the day with a maximum modeled net increase rate of 4 μg·m ·d during the study episode. The secondary nitrate formation rate in rural areas is lower due to lower NO . In the afternoon hours, near-surface temperature can be high enough to evaporate the particulate nitrate. In the nighttime hours, both the gas phase N O reactions with water vapor and the N O heterogeneous reactions with particle-bound water are important for secondary nitrate formation. The N O reactions are most import near the surface to a few hundred meters above surface with a maximum modeled net secondary nitrate increase rate of 1 μg·m ·d and are more significant in the rural areas where the O concentrations are high at night. In general, vertical transport during the day moves the nitrate formed near the surface to higher elevations. During the stagnant days, process analysis indicates that the nitrate concentration in the upper air builds up and leads to a net downward flux of nitrate through vertical diffusion and a rapid increase of surface nitrate concentration.

关键词: secondary nitrate aerosol     N2O5 heterogeneous reaction     process analysis    

Electrochemical removal of nitrate in industrial wastewater

Dong Xu, Yang Li, Lifeng Yin, Yangyuan Ji, Junfeng Niu, Yanxin Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1033-z

摘要: A number of recent studies have demonstrated that electrochemical technologies, including electroreduction (ER), electrocoagulation (EC), and electrodialysis (ED), are effective in nitrate elimination in wastewater due to their high reactivity. To obtain the maximal elimination efficiency and current efficiency, many researchers have conducted experiments to investigate the optimal conditions (i.e., potential, current density, pH value, plate distance, initial nitrate concentration, electrolyte, and other factors) for nitrate elimination. The mechanism of ER, EC and ED for nitrate removal has been fully elucidated. The ER mechanism of nitrate undergoes electron transfer and hydrogenation reduction. The EC pathways of nitrate removal include reduction, coagulation and flotation. The ED pathways of nitrate include redox reaction and dialysis. Although the electrochemical technology can remove nitrate from wastewater efficiently, many problems (such as relatively low selectivity toward nitrogen, sludge production and brine generation) still hinder electrochemical treatment implementation. This paper critically presents an overview of the current state-of-the-art of electrochemical denitrification to enhance the removal efficiency and overcome the shortages, and will significantly improve the understanding of the detailed processes and mechanisms of nitrate removal by electrochemical treatment and provide useful information to scientific research and actual practice.

关键词: Nitrate removal     Electroreduction     Electrocoagulation     Electrodialysis    

Mercury removal from flue gas using nitrate as an electron acceptor in a membrane biofilm reactor

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1454-y

摘要:

Membrane bioreactor achieved mercury removal using nitrate as an electron acceptor.

关键词: Mercury removal     Oxygen     Ferrous sulfide     Transformation of mercury     Microbial community    

Effects of nitrate concentration on biological hydrogen production by mixed cultures

Bo WANG, Wei WAN, Jianlong WANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 380-386 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0142-0

摘要: The effects of nitrate on fermentative hydrogen production and soluble metabolites from mixed cultures were investigated by varying nitrate concentrations from 0 to 10g N/L at 35°C with an initial pH of 7.0. The results showed that the substrate degradation rate, hydrogen production potential, hydrogen yield, and average hydrogen production rate initially increased with increasing nitrate concentrations from 0 to 0.1g N/L, while they decreased with increasing nitrate concentrations from 0.1 to 10g N/L. The maximum hydrogen production potential of 305.0mL, maximum hydrogen yield of 313.1mL/g glucose, and maximum average hydrogen production rate of 13.3mL/h were obtained at a nitrate concentration of 0.1g N/L. The soluble metabolites produced by the mixed cultures contained only ethanol and acetic acid (HAc) without propionic acid (HPr) and butyric acid (HBu). This study used the Modified Logistic model to describe the progress of cumulative hydrogen production in batch tests. A concise model was proposed to describe the effects of nitrate concentration on average hydrogen production rate.

关键词: nitrogen source     biohydrogen     fermentative hydrogen production     quantitative kinetic model    

Removal of ammonium and nitrate through Anammox and FeS-driven autotrophic denitrification

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1674-4

摘要:

● Simultaneous NH4+/NO3 removal was achieved in the FeS denitrification system

关键词: Anammox     Denitrification     FeS     NH4+/NO3     Sulfammox    

Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in an

Xinfeng Wang, Tao Wang, Likun Xue, Wei Nie, Zheng Xu, Steven C. N. Poon, Wenxing Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0925-7

摘要: Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important indicator of photochemical smog and has adverse effects on human health and vegetation growth. A rapid and highly selective technique of thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TD-CIMS) was recently developed to measure the abundance of PAN in real time; however, it may be subject to artifact in the presence of nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we tested the interference of the PAN signal induced by NO, evaluated the performance of TD-CIMS in an urban environment, and investigated the concentration and formation of PAN in urban Hong Kong. NO caused a significant underestimation of the PAN signal in TD-CIMS, with the underestimation increasing sharply with NO concentration and decreasing slightly with PAN abundance. A formula was derived to link the loss of PAN signal with the concentrations of NO and PAN, which can be used for data correction in PAN measurements. The corrected PAN data from TD-CIMS were consistent with those from the commonly used gas chromatography with electron capture detection, which confirms the utility of TD-CIMS in an urban environment in which NO is abundant. In autumn of 2010, the hourly average PAN mixing ratio varied from 0.06 ppbv to 5.17 ppbv, indicating the occurrence of photochemical pollution in urban Hong Kong. The formation efficiency of PAN during pollution episodes was as high as 3.9 to 5.9 ppbv per 100 ppbv ozone. PAN levels showed a near-linear increase with NO concentration, suggesting a control policy of NO reduction for PAN pollution.

关键词: TD-CIMS     Peroxyacetyl nitrate     Interference     Photochemical pollution     Formation efficiency    

硝酸铵膨化技术及应用

吕春绪

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第2期   页码 60-63

摘要:

硝酸铵膨化技术是一创新技术,创新设计的指导思想是硝酸铵自敏化,硝酸铵自敏化的提出是对国内外传统方法的突破。实施自敏化的技术途径是硝酸铵的膨化,其实质是表面活性技术在粉状炸药中的应用,是一个强制析晶的物理化学过程。文章重点讨论了硝酸铵膨化机理及膨化硝酸铵的技术特征,显示其独特的优点。硝酸铵膨化技术主要应用是岩石膨化硝铵炸药,给出了岩石膨化硝铵炸药的爆炸与物理特征数据,并与其它工业炸药做了比较。同时也推广应用在煤矿许用型炸药中。

关键词: 膨化硝酸铵     岩石     炸药     微结构     机理    

Synthesis of nanoiron by microemulsion with Span/Tween as mixed surfactants for reduction of nitrate

ZHANG Yunxia, LI Tielong, JIN Zhaohui, WANG Wei, WANG Shuaima

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 466-470 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0074-5

摘要: Denitrification of nitrate in groundwater using iron nanoparticles has received increasing interest in recent years. In order to fabricate iron nanoparticles with homogeneously spherical shape and narrow size distribution, a simp

关键词: spherical     distribution     groundwater     interest     Denitrification    

LYX: A novel aerobic bacterium with advantage of removing nitrate high effectively by assimilation and

Yuxin Li, Jiayin Ling, Pengcheng Chen, Jinliang Chen, Ruizhi Dai, Jinsong Liao, Jiejing Yu, Yanbin Xu

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1349-3

摘要: Abstract • Pseudomonas mendocina was first reported for aerobic nitrate removal. • It removed 90% of NO3−-N in 24 h under aerobic conditions. • This strain converted NO3−-N to bio-nitrogen (37.9%) and gaseous nitrogen (49.7%). • Inoculation of this strain increased sludge denitrification rate by 4.3 times. The problem of nitrate accumulation in aerobic tank and total nitrogen excessive discharge in effluent was very common in traditional livestock and poultry farming wastewater treatment systems owing to the lengthy process flow and low process control level. A strain LYX of aerobic bacterium was isolated from the activated sludge of a wastewater treatment system in a pig farm, which could remove nitrate effectively in aerobic tank and was identified Pseudomonas mendocina by 16S rRNA sequencing. Under the condition of nitrate as the sole nitrogen source, this strain removed over 90% of NO3−-N with an initial concentration of 110 mg/L under aerobic conditions within 48 hours. Among them, 37.9% of NO3−-N was assimilated into Bio-N, about 51.9% was reduced to gaseous nitrogen and less than 0.5% of nitrogen was replaced by NO2−-N and NH4+-N, 9.7% NO3−-N remained in the effluent at the end. At the same time, four key genes (napA, nirK, norB and nosZ) related to nitrate nitrogen removal were expressed during the denitrification process of P. mendocina LYX, in which the transcription level of the indicator genes of this aerobic denitrifying bacterium (napA) was the highest. In addition, it was found with the 15N tracer technique that inoculation of this strain on sludge increased the amount of nitrogen loss from 9.26 nmol N/(g·h) to 23.835 nmol N/(g·h). Therefore, P. medocina LYX is a potential bioagent for advanced nitrogen removal by assimilating and reducing nitrate simultaneously in aerobic tanks.

关键词: Pseudomonas mendocina     Aerobic nitrate removal     15N tracing technique     Denitrification assimilatively and disimilatively     Aerobic denitrifying genes    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Recent advances and challenges of nitrogen/nitrate electro catalytic reduction to ammonia synthesis

期刊论文

硝酸铵膨化理论研究

吕春绪

期刊论文

Scrap Iron Filings assisted nitrate and phosphate removal in low C/N waters using mixed microbial culture

期刊论文

Large-scale synthesis of isolated Mn2O3 nanotube/fiber with ferric nitrate as catalyst

ZHANG Aifei, LIU Jiping, L? Guangshu

期刊论文

New insights into the formation of ammonium nitrate from a physical and chemical level perspective

期刊论文

Effect of exhaust gas recirculation and ethyl hexyl nitrate additive on biodiesel fuelled diesel engine

K. VENKATESWARLU, B. S. R MURTHY, V. V. SUBBARAO, K. Vijaya KUMAR

期刊论文

Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

期刊论文

Electrochemical removal of nitrate in industrial wastewater

Dong Xu, Yang Li, Lifeng Yin, Yangyuan Ji, Junfeng Niu, Yanxin Yu

期刊论文

Mercury removal from flue gas using nitrate as an electron acceptor in a membrane biofilm reactor

期刊论文

Effects of nitrate concentration on biological hydrogen production by mixed cultures

Bo WANG, Wei WAN, Jianlong WANG,

期刊论文

Removal of ammonium and nitrate through Anammox and FeS-driven autotrophic denitrification

期刊论文

Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in an

Xinfeng Wang, Tao Wang, Likun Xue, Wei Nie, Zheng Xu, Steven C. N. Poon, Wenxing Wang

期刊论文

硝酸铵膨化技术及应用

吕春绪

期刊论文

Synthesis of nanoiron by microemulsion with Span/Tween as mixed surfactants for reduction of nitrate

ZHANG Yunxia, LI Tielong, JIN Zhaohui, WANG Wei, WANG Shuaima

期刊论文

LYX: A novel aerobic bacterium with advantage of removing nitrate high effectively by assimilation and

Yuxin Li, Jiayin Ling, Pengcheng Chen, Jinliang Chen, Ruizhi Dai, Jinsong Liao, Jiejing Yu, Yanbin Xu

期刊论文