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Recent progress in Prussian blue electrode for electrochromic devices

《能源前沿（英文）》 2024年第18卷第2期页码 160-186 doi: 10.1007/s11708-024-0927-7

摘要： Great progress has been made in the electrochromic (EC) technology with potential applications in various fields. As one of the most promising EC materials, Prussian blue (PB) has attracted great attention due to its excellent EC performance, such as low cost, easy synthesis, rich color states, chemical stability, suitable redox potential, and fast color-switching kinetics. This review summarizes the recent progress in PB electrodes and devices, including several typical preparation techniques of PB electrodes, as well as the recent key strategies for enhancing EC performance of PB electrodes. Specifically, PB-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been widely used in various fields, such as smart windows, electrochromic energy storage devices (EESDs), wearable electronics, smart displays, military camouflage, and other fields. Several opportunities and obstacles are suggested for advancing the development of PB-based ECDs. This comprehensive review is expected to offer valuable insights for the design and fabrication of sophisticated PB-based ECDs, enabling their practical integration into real-world applications.

关键词： Prussian blue electrochromism energy storage smart windows

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trace thallium(I)-contaminated potable water using a high-selective filter paper with multi-layered Prussianblue decoration

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年第18卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2379-8

摘要： Thallium is a highly toxic metal, and trace amount of thallium(I) (Tl⁺) in potable water could cause a severe water crisis, which arouses the exploitation of highly-effective technology for purification of Tl⁺ contaminated water. This report proposes the multi-layered Prussian blue (PB)-decorated composite membranes (PB_x@PDA/PEI-FP) based on the aminated filter papers for Tl⁺ uptake. Extensively characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer-attenuated total reflectance, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were performed to confirm the in situ growth of cubic PB crystals on filter paper membrane surfaces via the aminated layers, and the successful fabrication of multi-layered PB overcoats via the increasing of aminated layers. The effect of PB layers on Tl⁺ removal by PB_x@PDA/PEI-FP from simulated drinking water was evaluated as well as the influence of different experimental conditions. A trade-off between PB decoration layer number and PB distribution sizes is existed in Tl⁺ uptake by PB_x@PDA/PEI-FP. The double-layered PB₂@PDA/PEI-FP membrane showed the maximum sorption capacity, but its Tl⁺ uptake performance was weakened by the acid, coexisting ions (K⁺ and Na⁺) and powerful operation pressure, during filtrating a large volume of low-concentrated Tl⁺-containing water. However, the negative effect of coexisting ions on the Tl⁺ uptake could be effectively eliminated in weak alkaline water, and the Tl⁺ removal was increased up to 100% without any pressure driving for PB₂@PDA/PEI-FP membrane. Most importantly, PB₂@PDA/PEI-FP displayed the high-efficiency and high-selectivity in purifying the Tl⁺-spiked Pearl River water, in which the residual Tl⁺ in filtrate was less than 2 μg·L^–1 to meet the drinking water standard of United States Environmental Protection Agency. This work provides a feasible avenue to safeguard the drinking water in remote and underdeveloped area via the energy-free operation.

关键词： membrane adsorption Prussian blue energy-free filtration potable water trace thallium(I)

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Two-dimensional SnS2 nanosheets on Prussian blue template for high performance sodium ion batteries

Glenn J. Sim, Kakui Ma, Zhixiang Huang, Shaozhuan Huang, Ye Wang, Huiying Yang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 493-500 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1826-z

摘要： Three-dimensional Prussian blue (PB) nanostructures was obtained via a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, two-dimensional tin disulfide (SnS ) nanosheets were grown onto PB through a facile hydrothermal synthesis. The as prepared SnS /PB is further employed as the anode of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). SnS /PB nanoarchitecture delivers a specific capacity of 725.7 mAh∙g at 50 mA∙g . When put through more than 200 cycles, it achieved a stable cycling capacity of 400 mAh∙g at 200 mA∙g . The stable Na storage properties of SnS /PB was attributed to the synergistic effect among the conductive PB carbon, used as the template in this work. These results obtained potentially paves the way for the development of excellent electrochemical performance with stable performance of SIBs.

关键词： Prussian blue carbon nanocubes tin disulfide sodium ion batteries

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Enabling nickel ferrocyanide nanoparticles for high-performance ammonium ion storage

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 226-235 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2198-3

摘要： Prussian blue and its analogs are extensively investigated as a cathode for ammonium-ion batteries. However, they often suffer from poor electronic conductivity. Here, we report a Ni₂Fe(CN)₆/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite electrode material, which is prepared using a simple coprecipitation approach. The obtained material consists of nanoparticles with sizes 30–50 nm and the multiwalled carbon nanotube embedded in it. The existence of multiwalled carbon nanotube ensures that the Ni₂Fe(CN)₆/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite shows excellent electrochemical performance, achieving a discharge capacity of 55.1 mAh·g^–1 at 1 C and 43.2 mAh·g^–1 even at 15 C. An increase in the ammonium-ion diffusion coefficient and ionic/electron conductivity based on kinetic investigations accounts for their high performance. Furthermore, detailed ex situ characterizations demonstrate that Ni₂Fe(CN)₆/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite offers three advantages: negligible lattice expansion during cycling, stable structure, and the reversible redox couple. Therefore, the Ni₂Fe(CN)₆/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite presents a long cycling life and high rate capacity. Finally, our study reports a desirable material for ammonium-ion batteries and provides a practical approach for improving the electrochemical performance of Prussian blue and its analogs.

关键词： nickel ferrocyanides NH₄⁺ electrochemistry Prussian blue aqueous ammonium ion batteries

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Triboelectric nanogenerators: the beginning of blue dream

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第6期页码 635-678 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2271-y

摘要： Wave energy is inexhaustible renewable energy. Making full use of the huge ocean wave energy resources is the dream of mankind for hundreds of years. Nowadays, the utilization of water wave energy is mainly absorbed and transformed by electromagnetic generators (EMGs) in the form of mechanical energy. However, waves usually have low frequency and uncertainty, which means low power generation efficiency for EMGs. Fortunately, in this slow current and random direction wave case, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has a relatively stable output power, which is suitable for collecting blue energy. This article summarizes the main research results of TENG in harvesting blue energy. Firstly, based on Maxwell’s displacement current, the basic principle of the nanogenerator is expounded. Then, four working modes and three applications of TENG are introduced, especially the application of TENG in blue energy. TENG currently used in blue energy harvesting is divided into four categories and discussed in detail. After TENG harvests water wave energy, it is meaningless if it cannot be used. Therefore, the modular storage of TENG energy is discussed. The output power of a single TENG unit is relatively low, which cannot meet the demand for high power. Thus, the networking strategy of large-scale TENG is further introduced. TENG’s energy comes from water waves, and each TENG’s output has great randomness, which is very unfavorable for the energy storage after large-scale TENG integration. On this basis, this paper discusses the power management methods of TENG. In addition, in order to further prove its economic and environmental advantages, the economic benefits of TENG are also evaluated. Finally, the development potential of TENG in the field of blue energy and some problems that need to be solved urgently are briefly summarized.

关键词： blue energy triboelectric nanogenerator water wave energy networking strategy micro/nano-energy self-powered devices

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21世纪我国的蓝色农业

张福绥

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第12期页码 21-28

摘要：

21世纪生物资源的匮乏和生态环境的恶化将严重影响我国国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，发展蓝色农业——海水养殖业必将为我国2030年预计达到的16亿人口的食物安全问题的解决作出应有的贡献。新世纪我国蓝色农业的发展趋势是生态养殖和工程养殖，其关键的策略在于：立足基础研究，强化高新技术转化；实施良种工程，不断推出养殖新良种；从平衡沿岸各产业的需求出发，调整现有养殖区养殖结构、规模与布局；集成现代生物和工程技术，实施潮上带和陆地生态工程养殖；以养殖生态学理论和现代工程技术为基础，大力发展浅海离岸设施渔业；从改善我国人口食物营养结构出发，促进水产品加工业的发展。

关键词：蓝色农业生态养殖工程养殖良种工程设施渔业

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Performance analysis of solar still with cow dung cakes and blue metal stones

Hitesh N. PANCHAL

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 180-186 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0361-y

摘要： The aims of this paper is to investigate the effects of various materials inside the solar still on the increase of the productivity of potable water. Here, blue metal stones and cow dung cakes were used as materials. To investigate their effect, three identical solar stills with an effective area of 1 m square made from locally available materials were tested in climate conditions of Mehsana (23°50′ N 72° 23′). The first and second solar stills were filled with blue metal, stones and cow dung cakes, while the third one was taken as a reference which consisted of only blue paint at the basin. The experiments show that blue metal stones have the highest distillate output at daytime, followed by cow dung cakes solar still and reference solar still. On the other hand, the overall distillate output of blue metal stones and cow dung cakes at daytime as well as at night were 35% and 20% compared with that of reference solar still.

关键词： blue metal stones cow dung cakes distillate output solar still solar intensity

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Rare tumors: a blue ocean of investigation

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 220-230 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0984-z

摘要： Advances in novel drugs, therapies, and genetic techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of cancers, substantially improving cancer patients’ prognosis. Although rare tumors account for a non-negligible number, the practice of precision medicine and development of novel therapies are largely hampered by many obstacles. Their low incidence and drastic regional disparities result in the difficulty of informative evidence-based diagnosis and subtyping. Sample exhaustion due to difficulty in diagnosis also leads to a lack of recommended therapeutic strategies in clinical guidelines, insufficient biomarkers for prognosis/efficacy, and inability to identify potential novel therapies in clinical trials. Herein, by reviewing the epidemiological data of Chinese solid tumors and publications defining rare tumors in other areas, we proposed a definition of rare tumor in China, including 515 tumor types with incidences of less than 2.5/100 000 per year. We also summarized the current diagnosis process, treatment recommendations, and global developmental progress of targeted drugs and immunotherapy agents on the status quo. Lastly, we pinpointed the current recommendation chance for patients with rare tumors to be involved in a clinical trial by NCCN. With this informative report, we aimed to raise awareness on the importance of rare tumor investigations and guarantee a bright future for rare tumor patients.

关键词： rare tumors diagnosis flowchart treatment strategy clinical trials recommendation

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different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiency and green and blue

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 185-194 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017149

摘要： This paper explores the effect of varying agricultural management practices on different water efficiency indicators: irrigation efficiency (IE), crop water use efficiency (WUE), and green and blue water footprint (WF). We take winter wheat in an experimental field in Northern China as a case study and consider a dry, average and wet year. We conducted 24 modeling experiments with the AquaCrop model, for all possible combinations of four irrigation techniques, two irrigation strategies and three mulching methods. Results show that deficit irrigation most effectively improved blue water use, by increasing IE (by 5%) and reducing blue WF (by 38%), however with an average 9% yield reduction. Organic or synthetic mulching practices improved WUE (by 4% and 10%, respectively) and reduced blue WF (by 8% and 17%, respectively), with the same yield level. Drip and subsurface drip irrigation improved IE and WUE, but drip irrigation had a relatively large blue WF. Improvements in one water efficiency indicator may cause a decline in another. In particular, WUE can be improved by more irrigation at the cost of the blue WF. Furthermore, increasing IE, for instance by installing drip irrigation, does not necessarily reduce the blue WF.

关键词： field management irrigation efficiency water footprint water productivity water use efficiency

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GREEN AGRICULTURE AND BLUE WATER IN CHINA: REINTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION FOR CLEAN WATER

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期

摘要：

• AGD aims for a green environment, sustainable agriculture and clean water.

• Presenting examples of the impact of agriculture on water quality.

• Presenting examples of solutions for sustainable agriculture and improved water quality.

• Integration of livestock and cropping systems is possible on a farm or among farms.

• Providing recommendations for further development of sustainable agriculture.

Crop and livestock production are essential to maintain food security. In China, crop and livestock production were integrated in the past. Today, small backyard systems are still integrated but the larger livestock farms are landless and largely geographically separated from crop production systems. As a result, there is less recycling of animal manures and there are lower nutrient use efficiencies in the Chinese food production systems. This, in turn, results in considerable losses of nutrients, causing water pollution and harmful algal blooms in Chinese lakes, rivers and seas. To turn the tide, there is a need for agricultural “green” development for food production through reintegrating crop and livestock production. An additional wish is to turn the Chinese water systems “blue” to secure clean water for current and future generations. In this paper, current knowledge is summarized to identify promising interventions for reintegrating crop and livestock production toward clean water. Technical, social, economic, policy and environmental interventions are addressed and examples are given. The paper highlights recommended next steps to achieve “green” agriculture and “blue” water in China.

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改性亚麻屑纤维素对活性翠蓝染料的吸附性能研究

王鹏,王立娟

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第4期页码 60-63

摘要：

采用环氧氯丙烷和三乙胺对分离出来的亚麻屑纤维素进行改性，制备了一种新型吸附剂。采用扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分别观察了所制备的吸附剂的表面形貌并分析了主要官能团，研究了其对活性翠蓝染料的吸附性能，探讨了吸附时间、吸附剂用量、染料初始浓度及pH等对吸附的影响。结果表明，随时间延长吸附容量逐渐增加，180 min 后吸附即可达到平衡，升高温度有利于吸附反应的进行，40 ℃时最大吸附容量为198.45 mg/g；染料初始浓度较高时，吸附容量较大，吸附受pH的影响较为明显。

关键词：亚麻屑纤维素改性活性翠蓝吸附

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Effects of red and blue LEDs on

Lili CHEN, Xuzhang XUE, Yadong YANG, Fei CHEN, Jie ZHAO, Xiquan WANG, Alam Tariful KHAN, Yuegao HU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第2期页码 197-205 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018224

摘要： The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of red and blue LEDs on growth and microtuberization of potato ( ) single-node cuttings. Explants were incubated under 6 light treatments: 100% red LEDs (R), 75% red LEDs+ 25% blue LEDs (3RB), 50% red LEDs+ 50% blue LEDs (RB), 25% red LEDs+ 75% blue LEDs (R3B), 100% blue LEDs (B) and white LEDs (W). Most of the growth and physiological parameters were significantly higher in 3RB than W. Enhancement of leaf area and chlorophyll concentrations were obtained in B. Leaf stomata were elliptical with the lowest density in 3RB. However, those in W were round in shape, and those with the smallest size and the highest density were observed in R. Most of the characteristics of microtuberization were also improved in 3RB. The combined spectra of red and blue LEDs increased the number of large microtubers. The fresh weight of individual microtubers in R and W were increased, but not their number. These results suggest that, of the treatments assessed, 3RB is optimal for the growth of potato plantlets and the combination of red and blue LEDs is beneficial for microtuberization.

关键词： blue LED microtuber plant tissue culture potato plantlets in vitro red LED

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Diversity-oriented synthesis of blue emissive nitrogen heterocycles and their conjugation with carbon

Viviana Maffeis, Lisa Moni, Daniele Di Stefano, Silvia Giordani, Renata Riva

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 76-89 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1833-0

摘要： The search for new fluorescent molecules for possible applications as functional -electron systems and their conjugation with different nanomaterials is nowadays of paramount importance to broaden the availability of materials with different properties. Herein we present a diversity-oriented approach to heterocyclic luminophores based on a multicomponent Ugi reaction followed by a Pd-mediated cascade sequence. The new molecules are coupled to carbon nano-onions, and hybrid systems represent the first example of blue emitters conjugated with these carbon nanoparticles.

关键词： carbon nano-onions multicomponent reactions blue emitters fluorescence isoquinolines

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蓝色发光二极管的开发和实际应用

Hideaki Koizumi

《工程（英文）》 2015年第1卷第2期页码 167-168 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015064

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of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic models for the removal of methylene blue

Junxiong LIN , Lan WANG ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 320-324 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0030-7

摘要： The best-fit equations of linear and non-linear forms of the two widely used kinetic models, namely pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equations, were compared in this study. The experimental kinetics of methylene blue adsorption on activated carbon was used for this research. Both the correlation coefficient () and the normalized standard deviation Δ(%) were employed as error analysis methods to determine the best-fitting equations. The results show that the non-linear forms of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were more suitable than the linear forms for fitting the experimental data. The experimental kinetics may have been distorted by linearization of the linear kinetic equations, and thus, the non-linear forms of kinetic equations should be primarily used to obtain the adsorption parameters. In addition, the Δ(%) method for error analysis may be better to determine the best-fitting model in this case.

关键词： adsorption pseudo-first order pseudo-second order kinetic model linear method non-linear method