Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 6

年份

2020 1

2019 1

2018 1

2016 2

2001 1

关键词

吸附-生物膜理论 1

工业应用试验 1

生物法VOC废气净化技术 1

甲苯生化降解 1

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Integration of molecular dynamic simulation and free volume theory for modeling membrane VOC/gas separation

Bo Chen, Yan Dai, Xuehua Ruan, Yuan Xi, Gaohong He

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 296-305 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1701-3

摘要： Gas membrane separation process is highly unpredictable due to interacting non-ideal factors, such as composition/pressure-dependent permeabilities and real gas behavior. Although molecular dynamic (MD) simulation can mimic those complex effects, it cannot precisely predict bulk properties due to scale limitations of calculation algorithm. This work proposes a method for modeling a membrane separation process for volatile organic compounds by combining the MD simulation with the free volume theory. This method can avoid the scale-up problems of the MD method and accurately simulate the performance of membranes. Small scale MD simulation and pure gas permeation data are employed to correlate pressure-irrelevant parameters for the free volume theory; by this approach, the microscopic effects can be directly linked to bulk properties (non-ideal permeability), instead of being fitted by a statistical approach. A lab-scale hollow fiber membrane module was prepared for the model validation and evaluation. The comparison of model predictions with experimental results shows that the deviations of product purity are reduced from 10% to less than 1%, and the deviations of the permeate and residue flow rates are significantly reduced from 40% to 4%, indicating the reliability of the model. The proposed method provides an efficient tool for process engineering to simulate the membrane recovery process.

关键词： membrane vapor separation membrane process modeling process engineering free volume theory volatile organic compound

HTML PDF 收藏

生物法净化低浓度挥发性有机废气研究

杨显万,孙珮石,黄若华,黄兵,陈茂生

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第9期页码 64-68

摘要：

以低浓度甲苯（VOC）废气为对象，对生物法有机废气净化技术进行了小试、扩试与工业试验的系统研究。

关键词：生物法VOC废气净化技术甲苯生化降解吸附-生物膜理论工业应用试验

HTML PDF 收藏

Screening the emission sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in China by multi-effects evaluation

He NIU,Ziwei MO,Min SHAO,Sihua LU,Shaodong XIE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0828-z

摘要： We develop a multi-effect evaluation method to assess integrated impact of VOCs. Enable policy-makers to identify important emission sources, regions, and key species. Solvent usage and industrial process are the most important anthropogenic sources. Styrene, toluene, ethylene, benzene, and m/p-xylene are key species to be cut. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play important roles in the atmosphere via three main pathways: photochemical ozone formation, secondary organic aerosol production, and direct toxicity to humans. Few studies have integrated these effects to prioritize control measures for VOCs sources. In this study, we developed a multi-effects evaluation methodology based on updated emission inventories and source profiles, by combining the ozone formation potential (OFP), secondary organic aerosol potential (SOAP), and VOC toxicity data. We derived species-specific emission inventories for 152 sources. The OFPs, SOAPs, and toxicity of each source were estimated, the contribution and sharing of source to each of these adverse effects were calculated. Weightings were given to the three adverse effects by expert scoring, and then the integrated effect was determined. Taking 2012 as the base year, solvent use and industrial process were found to be the most important anthropogenic sources, accounting for 24.2% and 23.1% of the integrated effect, respectively, followed by biomass burning, transportation, and fossil fuel combustion, each had a similar contribution ranging from 16.7% to 18.6%. The top five industrial sources, including plastic products, rubber products, chemical fiber products, the chemical industry, and oil refining, accounted for nearly 70.0% of industrial emissions. Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangdong were the five provinces contributing the largest integrated effects. For the VOC species from emissions showed the largest contributions were styrene, toluene, ethylene, benzene, and m/p-xylene.

关键词： Ozone formation Secondary organic aerosol Multi-effects evaluation VOC abatement strategy

HTML PDF 收藏

Impacts of emissions and meteorological changes on China’s ozone pollution in the warm seasons of 2013 and 2017

Dian Ding, Jia Xing, Shuxiao Wang, Xing Chang, Jiming Hao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1160-1

摘要： O3 increment is mainly caused by changes in meteorology rather than emissions. Emission reduction is effective to reduce O3 nationwide, especially in summer. Strengthened NOx controls are necessary to meet the ambient O3 standard. We have quantified the impacts of anthropogenic emissions reductions caused by the Air Pollution Control Action Plan and changes in meteorological fields between 2013 and 2017 on the warm-season O3 concentration in China using a regional 3D chemical transport model. We found that the impact on daily maximum eight-hour (MDA8) O3 concentration by the meteorological variation that mostly increased O3 was greater than that from emission reduction, which decreased O3. Specifically, the control measures implemented since 2013 in China have reduced SO2, NOx, PM2.5, and VOC emissions by 33%, 25%, 30%, and 4% in 2017, while NH3 emissions have increased by 7%. The changes in anthropogenic emissions lowered MDA8 O3 by 0.4–3.7 ppb (0.8%–7.6%, varying by region and month), although MDA8 O3 was increased slightly in some urban areas (i.e. North China) at the beginning/end of warm seasons. Relative to 2013, the average 2 m temperature in 2017 shows increments in North, North-east, East, and South China (0.34℃–0.83℃) and decreases in Central China (0.24℃). The average solar radiation shows increments in North, North-east, and South China (7.0–9.7 w/m2) and decreases in Central, South-west, and North-west China (4.7–10.3 w/m2). The meteorological differences significantly change MDA8 O3 by -3.5–8.5 ppb (-8.2%–18.8%) with large temporal variations. The average MDA8 O3 was slightly increased in North, North-east, East, and South China. The response surface model suggests that the O3 formation regime transfers from NOx-saturated in April to NOx-limited in July on average in China.

关键词： O₃ pollution Meteorological influences Emission reduction NO_x VOC

HTML PDF 收藏

Room temperature oxidation of acetone by ozone over alumina-supported manganese and cobalt mixed oxides

Mehraneh Ghavami, Mostafa Aghbolaghy, Jafar Soltan, Ning Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第6期页码 937-947 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1900-6

摘要： Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among the major sources of air pollution. Catalytic ozonation is an efficient process for removing VOCs at lower reaction temperature compared to catalytic oxidation. In this study, a series of alumina supported single and mixed manganese and cobalt oxides catalysts were used for ozonation of acetone at room temperature. The influence of augmenting the single Mn and Co catalysts were investigated on the performance and structure of the catalyst. The manganese and cobalt single and mixed oxides catalysts of the formula Mn10%-CoX and Co10%-MnX (where X= 0, 2.5%, 5%, or 10%) were prepared. It was found that addition of Mn and Co at lower loading levels (2.5% or 5%) to single metal oxide catalysts enhanced the catalytic activity. The mixed oxides catalysts of (Mn10%-Co2.5%) and (Mn10%-Co5%) led to acetone conversion of about 84%. It is concluded that lower oxidation state of the secondary metal improves ozone decomposition and oxidation of acetone.

关键词： ozone VOC manganese oxides cobalt oxides alumina support

HTML PDF 收藏

Impact of photocatalytic remediation of pollutants on urban air quality

Christian GEORGE, Anne BEELDENS, Fotios BARMPAS, Jean-François DOUSSIN, Giuseppe MANGANELLI, Hartmut HERRMANN, Jörg KLEFFMANN, Abdelwahid MELLOUKI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0834-1

摘要： Air pollution remediation using photocatalytic construction materials was tested. NO and VOC uptake rates on different materials were measured in the laboratory. Effective NO and VOC abatement levels were tested under real conditions. Recommendations for implementation of photocatalytic materials are provided. In the recent years, photocatalytic self-cleaning and “depolluting” materials have been suggested as a remediation technology mainly for NO and aromatic VOCs in urban areas. A number of products incorporating the aforementioned technology have been made commercially available with the aim to improve urban air quality. These commercial products are based on the photocatalytic properties of a thin layer of TiO at the surface of the material (such as glass, pavement, etc.) or embedded in paints or concrete. The use of TiO photocatalysts as an emerging air pollution control technology has been reported in many locations worldwide. However, up to now, the effectiveness measured in situ and the expected positive impact on air quality of this relatively new technology has only been demonstrated in a limited manner. Assessing and demonstrating the effectiveness of these depolluting techniques in real scale applications aims to create a real added value, in terms of policy making (i.e., implementing air quality strategies) and economics (by providing a demonstration of the actual performance of a new technique).

关键词： Photocatalysis Air pollution Depollution efficiency NO_x VOC Air quality abatement and management