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U-shaped association between telomere length and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk: a case-control

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 478-486 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0420-0

摘要：

Telomeres play a critical role in biological ageing by maintaining chromosomal integrity and preventing chromosome ends fusion. Epidemiological studies have suggested that inter-individual differences of telomere length could affect predisposition to multiple cancers, but evidence regarding esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was still uncertain. Several telomere length-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (TL-SNPs) in Caucasians have been reported in genome-wide association studies. However, the effects of telomere length and TL-SNPs on ESCC development are unclear. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study (1045 ESCC cases and 1433 controls) to evaluate the associations between telomere length, TL-SNPs, and ESCC risk in Chinese population. As a result, ESCC cases showed overall shorter relative telomere length (RTL) (median: 1.34) than controls (median: 1.50, P<0.001). More interestingly, an evident nonlinear U-shaped association was observed between RTL and ESCC risk (P<0.001), with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) equal to 2.40 (1.84–3.14), 1.36 (1.03–1.79), 1.01 (0.76–1.35), and 1.37 (1.03–1.82) for individuals in the 1st (the shortest), 2nd, 3rd, and 5th (the longest) quintile, respectively, compared with those in the 4th quintile as reference group. No significant associations were observed between the eight reported TL-SNPs and ESCC susceptibility. These findings suggest that either short or extremely long telomeres may be risk factors for ESCC in the Chinese population.

关键词： esophageal squamous cell carcinoma     telomere length     genetic variants     susceptibility     genome-wide association study    

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Cyclooxygenase-2 gene-1195G/A genotype is associated with the risk of HBV-induced HCC: A case-control

Li-Feng LIU MD, PhD, Qiong CHEN MD, PhD, Ying CHANG MD, PhD, Ju-Sheng LIN MD, PhD, Jin-Liang ZHANG MM,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 90-95 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0021-x

摘要： This study aimed to identify functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene promoter and evaluate their effects on the risk of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We conducted a population-based, case-control study enrolling 630 Han Chinese people in Hubei province. Subjects included primary HCC patients with HBV infection (=210), chronic hepatitis B cases (=210) and healthy Han Chinese (=210). -1195G/A polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing analysis. We found-1195A allele carriers had a higher risk of HCC with HBV infection (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.548–0.946). The-1195A allele might be used as a marker in screening individuals at high risk of HCC with HBV infection.

关键词： cyclooxygenase-2 gene     single nucleotide polymorphisms     susceptibility     primary hepatocellular carcinoma     hepatitis B virus infection    

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锑元素与先天性心脏病关系的病例对照研究

林元,陈小玲,林晓文,刘敏,徐两蒲,何德钦,高丽素

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第5期   页码 73-78

摘要：

采用以院为基础的病例对照研究，在福建省妇幼保健院(三级甲等医院)募集新近发生的69 例胎儿先天性心脏病病例，以1∶1 配对的方法设立对照组，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析方法，测定病例组和对照组孕妇孕期头发中锑、锌、铜、铁、铅等元素的含量，并问卷调查孕早期危险因素的暴露情况，用SPSS19.0 Cox 比例风险模型进行流行病学多因素分析。孕妇发锑含量偏高(相对危险度的比值比(OR) =33.833；95 %可信区间(CI)：4.060～281.929)、孕期使用不锈钢餐具(OR=8.981，95 % CI：1.085～74.327)、居所周围50 m有马路(OR=11.067，95 % CI：1.025～119.521)是先天性心脏病的危险因素。孕期锑负荷增加可能是先天性心脏病的原因之一。

关键词： 先天性心脏病     锑元素     病例对照研究     调查问卷    

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Alcohol and tea consumption in relation to the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangdong, China

Hong-Lian RUAN, Feng-Hua XU, Wen-Sheng LIU, Qi-Sheng FENG, Li-Zhen CHEN, Yi-Xin ZENG, Wei-Hua JIA,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 448-456 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0280-6

摘要： To investigate whether alcohol and tea consumption has an etiological association with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in a high-incident population, a large scale case-control study was conducted. The study included 2846 individuals in Guangdong Province, China, with 1387 newly diagnosed cases of NPC and 1459 frequency-matched controls. Exposure histories of alcohol and tea consumption were obtained via personal interviews. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, education, dialect and household type), family history of NPC, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, dietary habits and other potential confounding factors was also studied. An analysis was performed using unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The risk of NPC was found to be associated with habitual alcohol consumption and tea consumption. Tea consumption has been associated with a decreased occurrence of NPC (OR= 0.62), while consumption of alcohol was associated with a complex effect. Specifically, moderate consumption of alcohol was associated with decreased risk of NPC, while overuse, especially strong distillate spirits, appeared to be a risk factor.

关键词： nasopharyngeal carcinoma     case-control study     alcohol consumption     tea consumption    

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Identification of variants associated with sporadic thoracic aortic dissection: a case--control study

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 438-447 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0826-1

摘要： Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) without familial clustering or syndromic features is known as sporadic TAD (STAD). So far, the genetic basis of STAD remains unknown. Whole exome sequencing was performed in 223 STAD patients and 414 healthy controls from the Chinese Han population (N = 637). After population structure and genetic relationship and ancestry analyses, we used the optimal sequence kernel association test to identify the candidate genes or variants of STAD. We found that COL3A1 was significantly relevant to STAD (P = 7.35 × 10−6) after 10 000 times permutation test (P = 2.49 × 10−3). Moreover, another independent cohort, including 423 cases and 734 non-STAD subjects (N = 1157), replicated our results (P = 0.021). Further bioinformatics analysis showed that COL3A1 was highly expressed in dissected aortic tissues, and its expression was related to the extracellular matrix (ECM) pathway. Our study identified a profile of known heritable TAD genes in the Chinese STAD population and found that COL3A1 could increase the risk of STAD through the ECM pathway. We wanted to expand the knowledge of the genetic basis and pathology of STAD, which may further help in providing better genetic counseling to the patients.

关键词： sporadic thoracic aortic dissection     exome sequencing     gene COL3A1     case–control study     extracellular matrix    

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Efficiency evaluation of government investment for air pollution control in city clusters: A case from

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 612-624 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0269-x

摘要： Air pollution poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in urban areas with high levels of industrial activities. In China, the government plays a crucial role in managing air quality through the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan. The government provides direct financial support and guides the investment direction of social funds to improve air quality. While government investment has led to improvements in air quality across China, concerns remain regarding the efficiency of such large-scale investments. To address this concern, we conducted a study using a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA)-Malmquist model to assess the efficiency of government investment in improving air quality in China. Our analysis revealed regional disparities and annual dynamic changes. Specifically, we focused on the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei areas as a case study, as the investment primarily targeted industrial activities in urban areas with the goal of improving living conditions for urban residents. The results demonstrate significant differences in investment efficiency between regions. Beijing exhibits relatively high investment efficiency, while cities in Hebei Province require improvement. We identified scale inefficiency, which refers to the ratio of air pollutant reduction to financial investment, as the main factor contributing to regional disparities. However, we found that increasing the total investment scale can help mitigate this effect. Furthermore, our study observed positive but fluctuating annual changes in investment efficiency within this city cluster from 2014 to 2018. Investment-combined technical efficiency, which represents the investment strategy, is the main obstacle to improving yearly investment efficiency. Therefore, in addition to promoting investment strategies at the individual city level, it is crucial to enhance coordination and cooperation among cities to improve the investment efficiency of the entire city cluster. Evaluating the efficiency of government investment and understanding its influencing factors can guide future investment measures and directions. This knowledge can also support policymaking for other projects involving substantial investments.

关键词： investment efficiency     government investment     air pollution control     three-stage DEA-Malmquist model    

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Post-evaluation of a water pollution control plan: methodology and case study

Lin ZENG,Xin DONG,Siyu ZENG,Tianzhu ZHANG,Jing LI,Jining CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 712-724 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0773-2

摘要： China has developed more than 20 water pollution control plans for river basins (RBWPs) since 1996. However, the implementation has generally lagged. This paper proposes a three-step, post-evaluation methodology to analyze the implementation result of a RBWP and its influential factors. First, a multi-attribute evaluation method based on an index system is established to score the enforcement results of a RBWP. Indicators measure how well a RBWP has achieved its objectives, which include water quality compliance, pollution load control, project construction, financial inputs, and related management requirements. Second, an interpretive structural model is used to detect the significant factors that affect RBWP implementation. This model can effectively analyze the cause-effect chain and hierarchical relationship among variables. Five groups of factors were identified, namely, plan preparation, water resource endowment, policy, institution, and management. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are employed in the third step to evaluate the extent to which these factors have influenced the execution result of a RBWP, including pre-post contrast, scenario analysis, and correlation analysis. This research then post-evaluated the implementation of the Huai River Basin water pollution control plans (H-RBWPs) over a period of 10 years as a case study. Results showed that the implementation of the H-RBWPs was unsatisfactory during 2001–2005, although it improved during 2006–2010. The poor execution of these plans was partially caused by the underestimation of regional economic development in combination with ineffective industrial structure adjustment policies. Therefore, this case study demonstrates the feasibility and flexibility of the proposed post-evaluation methodology.

关键词： river basin     water pollution control plan     post plan evaluation     multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation     interpretive structural model     combined qualitative/quantitative method    

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FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 593-606 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023522

摘要：

Ensuring food safety while reducing agricultural non-point source pollution is quite challenging, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Effective systematic strategies and comprehensive technologies need to be developed for agricultural non-point source pollution control at the watershed scale to improve surface water quality. In this review, a proposal is made for a full time-space governance strategy that prioritizes source management followed by endpoint water pollution control. The 4R chain technology system is specifically reviewed, including source reduction, process retention, nutrient reuse and water restoration. The 4R chain technology system with the full time-space governance strategy was applied at the scale of an administrative village and proved to be a feasible solution for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution in China. In the future, a monitoring system needs to be established to trace N and P transport. Additionally, new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment need to be developed, and relevant governance standards and supportive policies need to be set to enhance the efficacy of agricultural non-point source pollution control.

关键词： 4R chain technology system     agricultural non-point source pollution     case study     full time-space governance strategy    

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在沙地治理中诞生的CO2产业链 ——以毛乌素生物热电厂“三碳经济”模式为例

李京陆

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第2期   页码 63-65

摘要：

文章介绍了在毛乌素沙地种植沙生灌木治理沙地吸收二氧化碳、用灌木枝条发电减排二氧化碳、以电厂余热和烟气养殖螺旋藻捕集二氧化碳的“三碳经济”产业链。该产业链极大地增强了生物质发电厂的活力，提高了农牧民营林治沙的积极性，显著带动了农牧民增收，并创造了巨大的生态效益。更为重要的是，该产业链实现了被动治沙到主动治沙的转变，在我国沙漠沙地治理的机制建设中也有重要价值。

关键词： 生物质发电     效益治沙     三碳经济     气侯变化    

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EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要：

• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.

• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.

• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.

• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.

• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.

 

Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.

Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha−1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.

Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.

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Not asthma, but GERD: case report

WANG Zhonggao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 115-119 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0022-6

摘要： Asthma is a disorder of the lungs characterized by increased responsiveness of the airways, as manifested by episodes of wheezing and increased resistance to expiratory airflow because of varying degrees of smooth muscle contraction, edema of the mucosa, and mucus in the lumen of the bronchi and bronchioles. The stimuli vary widely and include antigens, infection, air pollutants, respiratory tract irritants, exercise, and emotional factors. This condition is completely different from distress breathing because of laryngotracheal spasm. One of its causes is the gastric content reflux through the pharynx to the larynx because of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), in addition to the typical human avian flu that may cause immediate suffocation by laryngospasm owing to acute larygotrachitis. A patient suffered from GERD without esophageal symptoms, which was diagnosed and treated as bronchial asthma during his five emergency admissions. The admissions were because of episodic attacks of severe air hunger owing to an extreme throat tightening. The patient was being treated for as long as two years. After the correct diagnosis was made and treatment of laporascopic fundaplication was performed, the longstanding bronchial asthma , after all, completely disappeared. The concept of not asthma, but GERD seems undervalued, unappreciated, even misunderstood among patients with intractable asthma. Therefore, such a case is reported in detail, similar cases are mentioned briefly as well, and a mechanism responsible for GERD-originated larryngo- or laryngotracho-spasm is proposed.

关键词： resistance     mechanism responsible     unappreciated     responsiveness     different    

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A case for assessing

Ian T. RILEY

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 568-582 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019270

摘要： Agroecosystems in water-limited contexts— Mediterranean, semi-arid and arid climatic zones—are too frequently degraded systems that will not provide the needed ecosystem services to ensure a future of sustainable agricultural production. The processes that have created this situation continue and are being accelerated by anthropogenic climate change. Increasing arboreal vegetation in these areas through agroforestry is an important strategy to conserve and improve their agroecosystems. Actinorhizal trees and shrubs in the Casurinaceae have a unique set of adaptations for heat and water stress, and/or infertile to hostile soils. Central Anatolia, Turkey is particularly at risk of increasing aridity and further degradation. Therefore, species of and have been evaluated for their potential use in agroecosystem improvement in semi-arid areas with a focus on Central Anatolia. Based on a semiquantitative environmental tolerance index and reported plant stature, eight species were identified as being of high ( . and . ) to moderate ( . , . , . , . , . and . ) priority for assessment, with none of these species having been adequately evaluated for agroforestry deployment in semi-arid agroecosystems in any context.

关键词： actinorrhizal trees     agroforestry     climate change     ecosystem restoration    

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Ecthyma gangrenosum of the scrotum: a case report

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 101-103 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0437-z

摘要：

A 43-year-old man with pancytopenia from chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia developed left scrotal pain, fever, and rigors. Physical exam revealed an ulcerating lesion with central necrosis and eschar surrounded by a halo of erythema on the inferior aspect of the left scrotum. The condition indicated an early necrotizing soft tissue infection. The patient was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics and taken to the operating room for a wound debridement. Blood and tissue cultures grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which confirmed the diagnosis of ecthyma gangrenosum of the scrotum. The fever resolved, and the wound healed without further progression after wet to dry dressing changes.

关键词： ecthyma gangrenosum     scrotum     genitalia    

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Association of the genetic polymorphism of EPHX1 and EPHX2 with the susceptibility to chronic benzene poisoning

SUN Pin, ZHANG Zhongbin, WU Fen, WAN Junxiang, JIN Xibeng, XIA Zhaolin

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 320-326 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0062-y

摘要： The aim of this study was to explore the association of the genetic polymorphism of and with the susceptibility to chronic benzene poisoning (CBP). A case-control study of 268 patients with CBP and 268 healthy workers matched by age and sex, all of whom were occupationally exposed to benzene, was conducted. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs2854451, rs3738047, rs2234922 and rs1051741) of gene and the SNP (rs751141) of gene were tested by the TaqMan PCR method. In the subjects carrying the genotype of rs3738047 GG, the risk of CBP was decreased in the individuals simultaneously carrying rs2234922 G ( = 0.02). Alternatively, in the subjects carrying the genotype of rs2234922 AA, the risk of CBP was increased in the individuals simultaneously carrying the allele of rs751141A ( = 0.03). It was also found that there were potential interactions between alcohol consumption and the polymorphism of rs1051741 ( = 5.28, = 0.02) or rs2234922 (= 6.71, = 0.01). Compared to individuals with rs1051741 CC or rs2234922 AA genotype in the drinkers, the risk of CBP in those carrying genotypes of rs1051741 CT+TT or rs2234922 AG+GG was decreased, respectively ( = 0.04, 〈0.01). Haplotype analysis of polymorphisms in showed that the risk of CBP was increased in the subjects with haplotype 2 (rs2854451-A, rs3738047-G, rs2234922-A, rs1051741-C) or haplotype 4 (rs2854451-G, rs3738047-A, rs2234922-G, rs1051741-T), but decreased in those with haplotype 6 (rs2854451-G, rs3738047-G, rs2234922-G, rs1051741-T) or haplotype 10 (rs2854451-A, rs3738047-A, rs2234922-G, rs1051741-T), respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking might play a role in modifying the risk of CBP (OR = 0.313, 95% CI: 0.123 0.794, = 0.015). The genetic polymorphism in may be associated with the risk of CBP in the Chinese occupational population and further research is needed for the association between the genetic polymorphism in and the susceptibility to CBP.

关键词： case-control     rs2854451     regression analysis     haplotype     further research    

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––Case of mining enterprises

Anlin SHAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第3期   页码 375-378 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017108

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

U-shaped association between telomere length and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk: a case-control

null

期刊论文

Cyclooxygenase-2 gene-1195G/A genotype is associated with the risk of HBV-induced HCC: A case-control

Li-Feng LIU MD, PhD, Qiong CHEN MD, PhD, Ying CHANG MD, PhD, Ju-Sheng LIN MD, PhD, Jin-Liang ZHANG MM,

期刊论文

锑元素与先天性心脏病关系的病例对照研究

林元,陈小玲,林晓文,刘敏,徐两蒲,何德钦,高丽素

期刊论文

Alcohol and tea consumption in relation to the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangdong, China

Hong-Lian RUAN, Feng-Hua XU, Wen-Sheng LIU, Qi-Sheng FENG, Li-Zhen CHEN, Yi-Xin ZENG, Wei-Hua JIA,

期刊论文

Identification of variants associated with sporadic thoracic aortic dissection: a case--control study

期刊论文

Efficiency evaluation of government investment for air pollution control in city clusters: A case from

期刊论文

Post-evaluation of a water pollution control plan: methodology and case study

Lin ZENG,Xin DONG,Siyu ZENG,Tianzhu ZHANG,Jing LI,Jining CHEN

期刊论文

FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

期刊论文

在沙地治理中诞生的CO2产业链 ——以毛乌素生物热电厂“三碳经济”模式为例

李京陆

期刊论文

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

期刊论文

Not asthma, but GERD: case report

WANG Zhonggao

期刊论文

A case for assessing

Ian T. RILEY

期刊论文

Ecthyma gangrenosum of the scrotum: a case report

null

期刊论文

Association of the genetic polymorphism of EPHX1 and EPHX2 with the susceptibility to chronic benzene poisoning

SUN Pin, ZHANG Zhongbin, WU Fen, WAN Junxiang, JIN Xibeng, XIA Zhaolin

期刊论文

––Case of mining enterprises

Anlin SHAO

期刊论文