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Evaluation of the performance of a centralized ground-water heat pump system in cold climate region

Shilei LU,Zhe CAI,Li ZHANG,Yiran LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 394-402 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0310-1

摘要： The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a centralized open-loop ground-water heat pump (GWHP) system for climate conditioning in Beijing with a cold climate in China. Thus, a long-time test was conducted on a running GWHP system for the heating season from December 2011 to March 2012. The analysis of the testing data indicates that the average heat-pump coefficient of performance (COP) and the COP of the system (COPs) are 4.27 and 2.59. The low value and large fluctuation in the range of COP are found to be caused by the heat transfixion in the aquifer and the bypass in the circulation loop. Therefore, some suggestions are proposed to improve the performance for GWHPs in the cold climate region in China.

关键词： ground-water heat pump (GWHP) actual coefficient of performance heat transfixion

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Optimization model analysis of centralized groundwater source heat pump system in heating season

Shilei LU,Yunfang QI,Zhe CAI,Yiran LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 343-361 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0372-8

摘要： The ground-water heat-pump system (GWHP) provides a high efficient way for heating and cooling while consuming a little electrical energy. Due to the lack of scientific guidance for operating control strategy, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the system and units are still very low. In this paper, the running strategy of GWHP was studied. First, the groundwater thermal transfer calculation under slow heat transfixion and transient heat transfixion was established by calculating the heat transfer simulation software Flow Heat and using correction factor. Next, heating parameters were calculated based on the building heat load and the terminal equipment characteristic equation. Then, the energy consumption calculation model for units and pumps were established, based on which the optimization method and constraints were established. Finally, a field test on a GWHP system in Beijing was conducted and the model was applied. The new system operation optimization idea for taking every part of the GWHP into account that put forward in this paper has an important guiding significance to the actual operation of underground water source heat pump.

关键词： optimization model groundwater source heat pump system theoretical analysis example verification heating season

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孔庄煤矿集中降温方案的选择与优化

吴继忠,刘祥来,姚向东,王建军

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第11期页码 59-67

摘要：

从孔庄煤矿井筒布置和矿井生产条件出发，先后总结、分析了片冰降温系统、热-电-乙二醇降温系统、井下低温水排热的井下集中降温系统（HEMS）和真空制冰降温系统。从集中降温方案效果、投资、降温系统运行稳定性、井筒输冷管路安装、矿井制冷水质、井下制冷排热等方面综合考虑，适合孔庄煤矿特点的集中降温途径只能是真空制冰降温方案，为矿井三期改扩建工程按期投产、验收创造了条件。同时，该降温工程的实施必将填补我国在矿井集中降温领域的一项技术空白，并在制冰技术、输冰管道、输冰工艺、压风冷却、井下融冰工艺、制冰节能技术上取得突破

关键词：煤矿热害治理集中降温系统真空制冰方案选择优化

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Life cycle assessment of low impact development technologies combined with conventional centralized water

Hyunju Jeong, Osvaldo A. Broesicke, Bob Drew, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0851-0

摘要： Hybrid system of LID technologies and conventional system was examined. Bioretention areas, rainwater harvesting, and xeriscaping were considered. Technology feasibility was simulated for land use and population density. Synergistic effects of technologies were quantified in defined zones. Uncertainty test was conducted with pedigree matrix and Monte Carlo analysis. Low-impact development (LID) technologies, such as bioretention areas, rooftop rainwater harvesting, and xeriscaping can control stormwater runoff, supply non-potable water, and landscape open space. This study examines a hybrid system (HS) that combines LID technologies with a centralized water system to lessen the burden on a conventional system (CS). CS is defined as the stormwater collection and water supply infrastructure, and the conventional landscaping choices in the City of Atlanta. The study scope is limited to five single-family residential zones (SFZs), classified R-1 through R-5, and four multi-family residential zones (MFZs), classified RG-2 through RG-5. Population density increases from 0.4 (R-1) to 62.2 (RG-5) persons per 1,000 m . We performed a life cycle assessment (LCA) comparison of CS and HS using TRACI 2.1 to simulate impacts on the ecosystem, human health, and natural resources. We quantified the impact of freshwater consumption using the freshwater ecosystem impact (FEI) indicator. Test results indicate that HS has a higher LCA single score than CS in zones with a low population density; however, the difference becomes negligible as population density increases. Incorporating LID in SFZs and MFZs can reduce potable water use by an average of 50% and 25%, respectively; however, water savings are negligible in zones with high population density (i.e., RG-5) due to the diminished surface area per capita available for LID technologies. The results demonstrate that LID technologies effectively reduce outdoor water demand and therefore would be a good choice to decrease the water consumption impact in the City of Atlanta.

关键词： Life cycle assessment (LCA) Low impact development (LID) Bioretention area Rainwater harvesting Xeriscaping

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An integrated assessment method of urban drainage system: A case study in Shenzhen City, China

DONG Xin, ZENG Siyu, CHEN Jining, ZHAO Dongquan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 150-156 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0014-z

摘要： In recent years, the urban drainage system in China is facing the dual pressure of renovation and construction. This requires that the integrated assessment for the planning and operation of the urban drainage system is obligatory. To evaluate the urban drainage system, an integrated assessment methodology based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), integrated simulation, and fuzzy assessment is established. This method is a multi-criteria decision adding app roach to the assessment of the urban drainage system comprehensively. Through the integration of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), a simple wastewater treatment plant model, and a surface water quality model, an integrated modelling system for the urban drainage system is developed and applied as a key tool for assessment. Using the established method, a case study in Shenzhen City has been implemented to evaluate and compare two urban drainage system reno vation plans, the distributed plan and the centralized plan. Because of the particularity of this case study, the established method is not applied entirely. Considering the water environ mental impact, ecological impact, technological feasibility, and economic cost, the integrated performance of the distri buted plan is better. As shown in this case study, the proposed method is found to be both effective and practical.

关键词： integrated assessment hierarchy process centralized technological feasibility planning

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新冠病毒肺炎患者医学观察和救治集中隔离场所——感染风险最小化管控的中国武汉经验 Article

王先良, 王姣, 沈瑾, John S. Ji, 潘力军, 刘航, 赵康峰, 李莉, 应波, 樊琳, 张流波, 王林, 施小明

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第7期页码 908-913 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.010

摘要：

新冠病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情大流行给整个医疗系统带来沉重的负担，同时暴露出医疗系统对医疗资源和物理空间的极大需求，但是目前很少有研究探讨医疗资源和物理空间的高效利用。因此，本研究旨在总结中国在新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间用于医学观察和救治的集中隔离场所的经验，以期为进一步提升对确诊病例、疑似病例和密切接触者的管理水平提供建议。通过对三种类型的集中隔离场所（方舱医院、非定点医院和隔离宾馆）进行改建，对确诊和疑似病例进行了治疗和隔离。这些场所减轻了即时空间需求。此外，为了减小这些场所内的感染风险，监管机构和政府机构实施了新的设计、管理和预防措施，以最大限度减少感染风险。其他国家和地区可以借鉴中国武汉的实践经验，通过对社会资源进行优化配置来应对COVID-19疫情大流行。总之，为了应急响应，政府应该统筹分配社会资源，建设集中隔离场所；卫生机构应该发布集中隔离场所规定，对这些场所的日常管理予以高度重视；需要组建一支跨领域管理团队以支持集中隔离场所的日常运营；鼓励集中隔离政策的深入研究和国际合作。

关键词：集中隔离风险控制传染病患者密切接触者新冠病毒肺炎