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Proposal of a probabilistic assessment of structural collapse concomitantly subject to earthquake and

Gholamreza ABDOLLAHZADEH, Hadi FAGHIHMALEKI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 425-437 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0427-5

摘要：

In recent decades, many public buildings, located in seismic-prone residential areas, had to grapple with abnormal loads against which the structures were unguarded. In this piece of research, an ordinary three dimensional reinforced concrete building is selected as case study. The building is located in an earthquake-prone region; however, it is designed according to seismic building codes. Yet, it is not shielded against abnormal loads, such as blasts. It is assumed that the building suffers a blast load, due to mechanical/thermal installation failure during or after intense seismic oscillations. These two critical incidents are regarded codependent and compatible. So the researchers developed scenarios and tried to assess different probabilities for each scenario and carried out an analysis to ensure if progressive collapse had set in or not. In the first step, two analysis models were used for each scenario; a non-linear dynamic time history analysis and a blast local dynamic analysis. In the second step, having the structural destructions of the first step in view, a pushdown analysis was carried out to determine the severity of progressive collapse and assess building robustness. Finally, the annual probability of structural collapse under simultaneous earthquake and blast loads was estimated and offered.

关键词： gas blast     pushdown analysis     progressive collapse     annual probability of structural collapse     3D model of structure    

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Stress-strain relationship with soil structural parameters of collapse loess

SHAO Shengjun, LONG Jiyong, YU Qinggao

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 151-160 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0020-z

摘要： Through the tri-axial shearing tests of unsaturated intact loess and based on the concept of comprehensive soil structural potential, this paper reveals the changing laws of soil structural property under the tri-axial stress conditions and establishes a mathematical expression equation of structural parameters, whereby reflecting the effects of unsaturated loess water content, stress and strain states, which is introduced into the shearing stress and shearing strain relation to obtain the structural stress-strain relation. The tests reveal that the loess dilatancy is of shearing contraction and shearing expansion, whereby indicating that there is a good linear relation between the stress ratio and shearing expansion strain ratio. The larger consolidation confining pressure is, the larger the stress of shearing contraction and expansion critical point is; and the larger water content is, the smaller the strain ratio of shearing contraction and expansion critical point is. Finally, the constitutive model is established to reflect the variation in loess structure, stress-strain softening and hardening, and shearing contraction and shearing expansion features. Through the comparative analysis, the stress-strain curves described by the constitutive relationship are found to be in good conformity with test results, whereby testing the rationality of the model in this paper.

关键词： hardening     shearing expansion     unsaturated     structural property     mathematical expression    

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A preliminary analysis and discussion of the condominium building collapse in surfside, Florida, US,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1097-1110 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0766-0

摘要： On June 24, 2021, a 40-year-old reinforced concrete flat plate structure building in Miami suffered a sudden partial collapse. This study analyzed the overall performance and key components of the collapsed building based on the building design codes (ACI-318 and GB 50010). Punching shear and post-punching performances of typical slab-column joints are also studied through the refined finite element analysis. The collapse process was simulated and visualized using a physics engine. By way of these analyses, weak design points of the collapsed building are highlighted. The differences between the reinforcement detailing of the collapsed building and the requirements of the current Chinese code are discussed, together with a comparison of the punching shear and post-punching performances. The simulated collapse procedure and debris distribution are compared with the actual collapse scenes.

关键词： progressive collapse     flat plate     simulation     punching    

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Numerical simulation and analysis for collapse responses of RC frame structures under earthquake

Fuwen ZHANG, Xilin LU, Chao YIN,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 364-369 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0061-y

摘要： In this paper, a discrete element model for collapse simulation of RC frame structure is constructed by discretizing the structure into a few elements and spring groups. This model introduces special hysteretic models of connected springs for arbitrary loading path and also takes into account reasonable failure criteria for springs considering coupling effect of shear and axial force. Based on the discrete element model, a computer program is developed to simulate the whole process of RC frame structures from initial state to collapse under earthquakes. Particularly, the contact-impact problem between discrete elements has been treated with effective measures. Then, the program is employed to study the collapse mechanism of a real building in Wenchuan earthquake-hit area; the result of which shows that the simulation program developed based on the new model can realistically simulate the seismic collapse process of RC frame structures.

关键词： discrete element method     failure criteria     contact-impact     simulation program    

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Stress-strain relationship with soil structural parameter of collapse loess

SHAO Shengjun, YU Qinggao, LONG Jiyong

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 293-293 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0100-0

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Progressive collapse of 2D reinforced concrete structures under sudden column removal

El Houcine MOURID, Said MAMOURI, Adnan IBRAHIMBEGOVIC

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1387-1402 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0645-0

摘要： Once a column in building is removed due to gas explosion, vehicle impact, terrorist attack, earthquake or any natural disaster, the loading supported by removed column transfers to neighboring structural elements. If these elements are unable to resist the supplementary loading, they continue to fail, which leads to progressive collapse of building. In this paper, an efficient strategy to model and simulate the progressive collapse of multi-story reinforced concrete structure under sudden column removal is presented. The strategy is subdivided into several connected steps including failure mechanism creation, MBS dynamic analysis and dynamic contact simulation, the latter is solved by using conserving/decaying scheme to handle the stiff nonlinear dynamic equations. The effect of gravity loads, structure-ground contact, and structure-structure contact are accounted for as well. The main novelty in this study consists in the introduction of failure function, and the proper manner to control the mechanism creation of a frame until its total failure. Moreover, this contribution pertains to a very thorough investigation of progressive collapse of the structure under sudden column removal. The proposed methodology is applied to a six-story frame, and many different progressive collapse scenarios are investigated. The results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed strategy.

关键词： failure mechanism     MBS dynamic analysis     gravity loads     structure-ground contact     structure-structure contact     energy conserving/decaying scheme    

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Study of the mechanics of progressive collapse of FPB isolated beam-pier substructures

Jingcai ZHANG; Yong DING; Xinchun GUAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 718-728 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0815-3

摘要： The horizontal stiffness of the isolated layer is reduced substantially by a friction pendulum bearing (FPB) toprotectthe structure from potential damages caused by earthquakes. However, horizontal stiffness is essential to progressive collapse resistance of structures. This paper presents a simplified model to assess the progressive collapse response of beam-pier substructure isolated by FPB. Progressive collapse resistance by flexural action of the beam and additional resistance owing to the horizontal restraining force was achieved. The influences of the equivalent radius and friction coefficient of the FPB, the applied axial force on the FPB, and span-depth ratio of the beam on the additional resistance were investigated. Simulations were conducted to verify the proposed model. The results show that progressive collapse resistance provided by horizontal restraining can be reduced as large as 46% and 88% during compressive arching action (CAA) and catenary action (CA), respectively. The equivalent radius of the FPB shows limited effect on the progressive collapse response of FPB isolated structures, but friction coefficient and applied axial force, as well as depth ratio of the beam, show significant influences on the additional progressive collapse resistance capacity. Finite element method (FEM) results are in good agreement with the result obtained by the proposed method.

关键词： friction pendulum bearing     progressive collapse     horizontal stiffness     compressive arching action     catenary action    

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Investigation on a mitigation scheme to resist the progressive collapse of reinforced concrete buildings

Iman TABAEYE IZADI, Abdolrasoul RANJBARAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 421-430 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0181-7

摘要： This study presents the investigation of the approach which was presented by Thaer M. Saeed Alrudaini to provide the alternate load path to redistribute residual loads and preventing from the potential progressive collapse of RC buildings. It was proposed to transfer the residual loads upwards above the failed column of RC buildings by vertical cables hanged at the top to a hat steel braced frame seated on top of the building which in turn redistributes the residual loads to the adjacent columns. In this study a ten-storey regular structural building has been considered to investigate progressive collapse potential. Structural design is based on ACI 318-08 concrete building code for special RC frames and the nonlinear dynamic analysis is carried out using SAP2000 software, following UFC4-023-03 document. Nine independent failure scenarios are adopted in the investigation, including six external removal cases in different floors and three removal cases in the first floor. A new detail is proposed by using barrel and wedge to improve residual forces transfer to the cables after removal of the columns. Simulation results show that progressive collapse of building that resulted from potential failure of columns located in floors can be efficiently resisted by using this method.

关键词： prevent progressive collapse     alternate load path     reinforced concrete buildings     nonlinear dynamic     retrofitting     cable     steel hat braced frame     barrel and wedge    

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Collapse fragility assessment of steel roof framings with force limiting devices under transient wind

Linjia BAI, Yunfeng ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 199-209 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0168-4

摘要： Steel structural frame is a popular structural form to cover large-span roof space and under high winds. Either part of the roof enclosure or the entire roof structure can be lifted off a building, particularly for low sloped roofs subject to wind-induced suction force. Collapse of roof could cause severe economic loss and poses safety risk to residents in the building. The buckling of members in a steel roof frame structure, which may lead to progressive collapse, may be dynamic in nature. This paper presents a fragility analysis of the collapse of steel roof frame structures under combined static and transient wind loading. Uncertainties associated with wind load change rate and member imperfections are taken into account in this study. A numerical example based on a Steel Joist Institute (SJI) K series joist was used to demonstrate the use of force limiting devices for collapse risk mitigation. For the presented fragility assessment of steel roof collapse, a Monte Carlo method combined with response surface approach was adopted, which greatly reduces the computation time and makes the Monte Carlo simulation feasible for probabilistic collapse analysis of steel roof frame structures.

关键词： collapse     dynamic response     fragility analysis     Monte Carlo simulation     wind load    

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The influence of slope collapse on water exchange between a pit lake and a heterogeneous aquifer

Bo Zhang, Xilai Zheng, Tianyuan Zheng, Jia Xin, Shuai Sui, Di Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1104-9

摘要：

Slope collapse will reduce the water exchange.

Slope collapse will affect the spatial distribution of the water exchange.

Precipitation have the most impact on the dynamics of the water exchange.

关键词： Pit lake     Slope collapse     Groundwater–surface water interactions     Numerical simulation    

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Topology optimization and seismic collapse assessment of shape memory alloy (SMA)-braced frames: Effectiveness

Aydin HASSANZADEH; Saber MORADI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 281-301 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0807-3

摘要： This paper presents a seismic topology optimization study of steel braced frames with shape memory alloy (SMA) braces. Optimal SMA-braced frames (SMA-BFs) with either Fe-based SMA or NiTi braces are determined in a performance-based seismic design context. The topology optimization is performed on 5- and 10-story SMA-BFs considering the placement, length, and cross-sectional area of SMA bracing members. Geometric, strength, and performance-based design constraints are considered in the optimization. The seismic response and collapse safety of topologically optimal SMA-BFs are assessed according to the FEMA P695 methodology. A comparative study on the optimal SMA-BFs is also presented in terms of total relative cost, collapse capacity, and peak and residual story drift. The results demonstrate that Fe-based SMA-BFs exhibit higher collapse capacity and more uniform distribution of lateral displacement over the frame height while being more cost-effective than NiTi braced frames. In addition to a lower unit price compared to NiTi, Fe-based SMAs reduce SMA material usage. In frames with Fe-based SMA braces, the SMA usage is reduced by up to 80%. The results highlight the need for using SMAs with larger recoverable strains.

关键词： topology optimization     shape memory alloy     Fe-based SMA     steel braced frames     performance-based seismic design     collapse assessment    

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Visual chiral recognition of 1,1′-binaphthol through enantioselective collapse of gel based on an amphiphilic

Xuhong Zhang, Haimiao Li, Xin Zhang, Meng An, Weiwei Fang, Haitao Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 231-237 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1633-3

摘要： A novel gelator that contained both Schiff base and L-lysine moieties was synthesized and its gelation behavior was tested. This gelator can form gels in various organic solvents. The resulting gel can be applied as a fascinating platform for visual recognition of enantiomeric 1-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)naphthalen-2-ol (BINOL) through selective gel collapse. In addition, the mechanism for the reaction of the gel with chiral BINOL was investigated by scanning electron microscope and H nuclear magnetic resonance.

关键词： gelator     Schiff base     chiral recognition     gel formation     gel collapse    

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火灾引起的建筑物坍塌概率估算

孙金华,孙占辉,陆守香,范维澄

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第11期   页码 51-55

摘要：

为了研究不同防灭火安全措施下火灾引起的建筑结构整体坍塌的概率，对典型建筑物的火灾荷载进行了统计分析。利用建筑物火灾的规律及概率与统计理论，给出了典型建筑物的火灾荷载及火灾持续时间的概率分布函数。分析了由火灾引起建筑物坍塌的影响因素，并根据火灾统计结果，得到了写字楼在极端情况下由火灾引起的楼房坍塌概率与其耐火极限时间的关系，导出了一般建筑由于火灾引起的坍塌概率的简单估算方法。

关键词： 建筑物     火灾     火灾荷载     坍塌概率    

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地下工程抗爆防震塌设计动力学机理讨论

杨黎明,周风华,董新龙,王礼立

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第3期   页码 29-37

摘要：

在爆炸载荷下，反射拉应力波是导致混凝土防护结构震塌的主要原因。材料的动态抗拉强度是结构抗爆防震塌设计所必须考虑的主要参量，抑制或减弱拉伸冲击波的强度是防护结构设计的一个重要目标。研究了混凝土和钢纤维增强混凝土的动态力学性能以及它们结构的爆炸震塌响应。试验表明，高强混凝土C100的抗震塌能力还不如普通混凝土C40；加入体积含量2 %的钢纤维可有效提高混凝土的强度以及结构的抗震塌能力；而且加入相同含量的钢纤维后，纤维增强C100混凝土的抗震塌能力与增强C40混凝土相比并无明显不同。应用一维应力波理论近似分析，揭示了抗震塌设计的动力学机理，分析表明，“三明治”复合层结构可以有效提高结构的抗震塌能力，此分析为设计具有更好抗爆能力的防护工程提供了科学依据。

关键词： 地下工程结构     混凝土拉伸性能     抗震塌     应力波    

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Assessment of robustness of structures: Current state of research

Colin BRETT, Yong LU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 356-368 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0220-z

摘要： The concept of structural robustness and relevant design guidelines have been in existence in the progressive collapse literature since the 1970s following the partial collapse of the Ronan Point apartment building; however, in the more general context, research on the evaluation and enhancement of structural robustness is still relatively limited. This paper is aimed to provide a general overview of the current state of research concerning structural robustness. The focus is placed on the quantification and the associated evaluation methodologies, rather than specific measures to ensure prescriptive robustness requirements. Some associated concepts, such as redundancy and vulnerability, will be discussed and interpreted in the general context of robustness such that the corresponding methodologies can be compared quantitatively using a comparable scale. A framework methodology proposed by the authors is also introduced in line with the discussion of the literature.

关键词： structural robustness     abnormal exposure     vulnerability     collapse     consequence    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Proposal of a probabilistic assessment of structural collapse concomitantly subject to earthquake and

Gholamreza ABDOLLAHZADEH, Hadi FAGHIHMALEKI

期刊论文

Stress-strain relationship with soil structural parameters of collapse loess

SHAO Shengjun, LONG Jiyong, YU Qinggao

期刊论文

A preliminary analysis and discussion of the condominium building collapse in surfside, Florida, US,

期刊论文

Numerical simulation and analysis for collapse responses of RC frame structures under earthquake

Fuwen ZHANG, Xilin LU, Chao YIN,

期刊论文

Stress-strain relationship with soil structural parameter of collapse loess

SHAO Shengjun, YU Qinggao, LONG Jiyong

期刊论文

Progressive collapse of 2D reinforced concrete structures under sudden column removal

El Houcine MOURID, Said MAMOURI, Adnan IBRAHIMBEGOVIC

期刊论文

Study of the mechanics of progressive collapse of FPB isolated beam-pier substructures

Jingcai ZHANG; Yong DING; Xinchun GUAN

期刊论文

Investigation on a mitigation scheme to resist the progressive collapse of reinforced concrete buildings

Iman TABAEYE IZADI, Abdolrasoul RANJBARAN

期刊论文

Collapse fragility assessment of steel roof framings with force limiting devices under transient wind

Linjia BAI, Yunfeng ZHANG

期刊论文

The influence of slope collapse on water exchange between a pit lake and a heterogeneous aquifer

Bo Zhang, Xilai Zheng, Tianyuan Zheng, Jia Xin, Shuai Sui, Di Zhang

期刊论文

Topology optimization and seismic collapse assessment of shape memory alloy (SMA)-braced frames: Effectiveness

Aydin HASSANZADEH; Saber MORADI

期刊论文

Visual chiral recognition of 1,1′-binaphthol through enantioselective collapse of gel based on an amphiphilic

Xuhong Zhang, Haimiao Li, Xin Zhang, Meng An, Weiwei Fang, Haitao Yu

期刊论文

火灾引起的建筑物坍塌概率估算

孙金华,孙占辉,陆守香,范维澄

期刊论文

地下工程抗爆防震塌设计动力学机理讨论

杨黎明,周风华,董新龙,王礼立

期刊论文

Assessment of robustness of structures: Current state of research

Colin BRETT, Yong LU

期刊论文