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Diagnosis and management against the complications of human cystic echinococcosis

Hao WEN, Tuerganaili AJI, Ying-Mei SHAO,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 394-398 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0180-9

摘要: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) (hydatidosis, hydatid disease) is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of , typically affecting the liver. Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) is often asymptomatic, and symptoms occur largely when complications develop. Up to one-third of HCE can be shown their complications such as rupture of the cyst, secondary infection, and anaphylactic reaction. Clinically, patients present with pain, obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, anaphylactic reaction, and shock. Early diagnosis and treatment of complications of CE must be very important, since mortality is high when obstruction of the biliary ducts occurs, leading to ascending cholangitis and septicemia, anaphylactic shock, or even life-threatening conditions.

关键词: cystic echinococcosis     complication     diagnosis     treatment    

Advances in the management of the surgical complications for congenital cataract

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《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 360-365 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0235-1

摘要:

The greatest concern in children with cataracts is irreversible visual loss. The timing of congenital cataract surgery is critical for the visual rehabilitation. Cataract surgery in children remains complex and challenging. The incidence of complications during or after operation is higher in children than adults. Some complications could be avoided by meticulous attention to surgical technique and postoperative care, and others were caused by more exuberant inflammatory response associated with surgery on an immature eye or the intrinsic eyes abnormalities. Utilizing of advanced techniques and timely applying topical corticosteroids and cycloplegic agents can reduce the occurrence of visual axis opacification. Operation on children with strabismus or nystagmus, and applying occlusion therapy on amblyopic eyes can balance the visual inputs to the two eyes. Diagnosis of glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery requires lifelong surveillance and continuous assessment of the problem. So cataract surgeries in children are not the end of journey, but one step on the long road to visual rehabilitation. This paper describes recent evidence from the literature regarding the advance of management after congenital cataract surgery.

关键词: cataract/congenital     surgery     cataract/complication    

Detection of digestive malignancies and post-gastrectomy complications via gastrointestinal fluid examination

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《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 20-31 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0493-4

摘要:

To date, gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the common and fatal digestive malignancies worldwide. The prognosis of GC is not always satisfactory because of late diagnosis. Scholars are keen on discovering novel accurate and economical biomarkers in body liquids for GC screening to detect and evaluate the lesion before the results of imaging techniques are obtained. While traditional serum assays have limited sensitivity and specificity, gastrointestinal juice may provide relevant specific biomarkers because of its close contact with the tumor. Herein, the current progress in the relationship between gastrointestinal fluid analyses and GC is systematically and comprehensively reviewed. The detection of gastric juice pH, fluorescence spectrum, cytology, Helicobacter pylori-associated markers, nitrosamines, conventional tumor markers, amino acids, proteomics, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, protein-coding genes, vitamin C, etc., and combination tests of different category markers could provide important diagnostic and prognostic clues for gastrointestinal diseases. Particularly, early GC may be efficiently screened using gastric juice. Gastrointestinal fluid examination could also predict the adverse effects of postgastrectomy, such as pancreatic leakage, fistula, and abscess. Gastric fluid markers should be further studied to reveal the early predicators of malignancy and complications. The methods for obtaining the samples of gastrointestinal juice with minimum incision should also be comprehensively investigated.

关键词: gastrointestinal fluid     gastric carcinoma     biomarker     diagnosis     prognosis     gastrectomy     adverse events    

Role of stair-climbing test in predicting postoperative cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients

Pei-Tu REN BM, Bao-Chun LU MM, Zhi-Liang CHEN MM, Hong FU MM,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 77-81 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0005-x

摘要: One hundred and twenty-six patients above 80 years old with biliary diseases undergoing operations in Shaoxing People’s Hospital from Jan. 2002 to Jan. 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients performed a preoperative stair-climbing test, and the risks for cardiopulmonary €complications were evaluated with pair-matching and linear correlations analysis between stair-climbing height (h) and left ventricular ejective factor (EF), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV). There was a significant difference in the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications among different stair-climbing heights. Stair-climbing heights were positively related with EF, FVC and FEV. This suggests that the stair-climbing test is an effective and simple method for predicting cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients with biliary diseases.

关键词: biliary disease     cardiopulmonary complication     stair-climbing test    

Early-onset diabetes: an epidemic in China

Jiemin Pan, Weiping Jia

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 624-633 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0669-1

摘要:

Although type 2 diabetes is a disease often associated with aging, the global prevalence of early-onset diabetes has been increasing due to man’s sedentary lifestyle, low-physical activity, obesity, and some non-modifiable risk factors. Many studies have found that individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes were at higher risk of developing vascular complications than those with late-onset diabetes. Individuals with early-onset diabetes are usually unwilling to visit hospital and have more confidence in their health, which results in poor glycemic control and the delayed detection of diabetes-related complications. Few studies have focused on the treatment and prevention of complications in specific population of individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Therefore, focusing on this particular population is critical for the government and academic societies. Screening for T2DM is imminent for young adults with a family history of diabetes, obesity, markers of insulin resistance, or alcohol consumption. More data are definitely required to establish a reasonable risk model to screen for early-onset diabetes.

关键词: diabetes     early-onset     diabetes complications    

Reducing biliary complications in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using right lobe

YAN Lunan, WEN Tianfu, WANG Wentao, YANG Jiayin, XU Mingqing, CHEN Zheyu, WU Hong

《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 130-133 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0024-z

摘要: The aim of this paper is to summarize our experience of using right lobe liver grafts to reduce biliary complications in adult-to-adult (A-A) living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). From January 2002 to October 2007, 124 adult patients underwent living donor liver transplantation using right lobe grafts at the West China Hospital, Sichuan University Medical School, China. There was no death in all donors. Biliary reconstruction for 178 hepatic duct orifices from 124 donor grafts was performed which included 106 reconstructions of duct-to-duct anastomoses and 72 cholangiojejunostomy. Nine recipients had biliary complications including six bile leakages (four from the anastomotic site and two from the cut surface of the liver graft) and three biliary strictures. With the improved techniques for biliary reconstruction, we have achieved good results in 124 recipients of A-A LDLT. We ascribe our success to the introduction of microsurgical techniques and the use of fixed operators which help in decreasing the biliary complications of LDLT.

关键词: microsurgical     October     improved     success     transplantation    

Circumcision of preschool boys in Baghdad, Iraq: prevalence, current practice and complications

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 122-125 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0242-x

摘要:

Circumcision is probably one of the most ancient surgical operations and has been performed more than any other operation. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of circumcision in preschool boys and to present an overview of the current practices and complications in Baghdad, Iraq. A statistical survey was conducted at the Central Teaching Hospital for Children in Baghdad, Iraq during the period April 2003 to October 2004. The survey consisted of structured interviews with the accompanying parents while waiting for their children’s routine appointments. A total of 4000 boys were included. 2 443 (61%) were circumcised and the prevalence of circumcision increased from 18% at 6 months of age to reach 92% at 6 years. Only 180 (7.4%) boys had a medical reason while the rest were circumcised for religious reasons. Parents were the only determinant in deciding the time and place of religious circumcision. Circumcision was performed by a doctor in 732 (30%) boys, by a nurse in 1276 (52%) and by a traditional circumciser in 435 (18%). Post-operative complications were encountered in 209 (8.5%) boys. Circumcision is an important surgical procedure that should be performed by trained medical staff in medical institutions. Circumcision performed by medical professionals caused significantly less complications.

关键词: circumcision     children     prevalence     religious     complications    

Zinc homeostasis in the metabolic syndrome and diabetes

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 31-52 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0251-9

摘要:

Zinc (Zn) is an essential mineral that is required for various cellular functions. Zn dyshomeostasis always is related to certain disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and diabetic complications. The associations of Zn with metabolic syndrome, diabetes and diabetic complications, thus, stem from the multiple roles of Zn: (1) a constructive component of many important enzymes or proteins, (2) a requirement for insulin storage and secretion, (3) a direct or indirect antioxidant action, and (4) an insulin-like action. However, whether there is a clear cause-and-effect relationship of Zn with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or diabetic complications remains unclear. In fact, it is known that Zn deficiency is a common phenomenon in diabetic patients. Chronic low intake of Zn was associated with the increased risk of diabetes and diabetes also impairs Zn metabolism. Theoretically Zn supplementation should prevent the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetic complications; however, limited available data are not always supportive of the above notion. Therefore, this review has tried to summarize these pieces of available information, possible mechanisms by which Zn prevents the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetic complications. In the final part, what are the current issues for Zn supplementation were also discussed.

关键词: zinc     zinc transporters     metallothionein     diabetes     diabetic complications     insulin resistance     antioxidant    

Radical versus conservative surgical treatment of liver hydatid cysts: a meta-analysis

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 350-359 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0559-y

摘要:

To date, the efficacy of radical surgery (RS) versus conservative surgery (CS) for liver hydatid cysts (LHC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the two interventions. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from their inceptions until June 2016. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. We identified 19 eligible studies from 10 countries by retrieval. In total, 1853 LHC patients who received RS were compared with 2274 patients treated by CS. The risk of postoperative overall complication, biliary fistula, and recurrence was significantly lower, and operation time was significantly longer in the RS group. However, no statistically significant differences were found in terms of mortality risk and the duration of hospital stay between RS and CS. No significant publication biases were observed in all the above analyses. In conclusion, RS reduces the rates of postoperative complications and recurrence, whereas no trend toward such a reduction in mortality was observed in LHC patients.

关键词: liver hydatid cysts     radical surgery     conservative surgery     meta-analysis     complications    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Diagnosis and management against the complications of human cystic echinococcosis

Hao WEN, Tuerganaili AJI, Ying-Mei SHAO,

期刊论文

Advances in the management of the surgical complications for congenital cataract

null

期刊论文

Detection of digestive malignancies and post-gastrectomy complications via gastrointestinal fluid examination

null

期刊论文

Role of stair-climbing test in predicting postoperative cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients

Pei-Tu REN BM, Bao-Chun LU MM, Zhi-Liang CHEN MM, Hong FU MM,

期刊论文

Early-onset diabetes: an epidemic in China

Jiemin Pan, Weiping Jia

期刊论文

Reducing biliary complications in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using right lobe

YAN Lunan, WEN Tianfu, WANG Wentao, YANG Jiayin, XU Mingqing, CHEN Zheyu, WU Hong

期刊论文

Circumcision of preschool boys in Baghdad, Iraq: prevalence, current practice and complications

null

期刊论文

Zinc homeostasis in the metabolic syndrome and diabetes

null

期刊论文

Radical versus conservative surgical treatment of liver hydatid cysts: a meta-analysis

null

期刊论文