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Detection for transverse corner cracks of steel plates’ surface using wavelet

Qiong ZHOU, Qi AN

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第4卷 第2期   页码 224-227 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0017-x

摘要: An algorithm is presented for detecting transverse corner cracks at a steel plate surface using wavelet transform. According to characteristics of transverse corner crack images, the wavelet transform is used for the multi-scale analysis of detecting the image edges and disintegrating the image into four directions at the same time. The proper threshold value is chosen to segment the image into vertical components to obtain the final detection result. The experiment shows that transverse corner cracks of steel plates can be more effectively extracted by the proposed method than the other two common methods.

关键词: transverse corner cracks     defect detection     multi-scales wavelet analysis    

Microbial self-healing of cracks in cement-based materials and its influencing factors

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0986-6

摘要: Cement-based materials are brittle and crack easily under natural conditions. Cracks can reduce service life because the transport of harmful substances can cause corrosion damage to the structures. This review discusses the feasibility of using microbial self-healing agents for crack healing. Tubular and spherical carriers can be used to load microbial self-healing agents and protect microbes, which prolongs the self-healing time. The area self-healing ratio, permeability, mechanical strength, precipitation depth method, numerical modeling, and ultrasonic method can be employed to identify the self-healing effect of cracks. Moreover, the self-healing mechanism is systematically analyzed. The results showed that microbial self-healing agents can repair cracks in cement-based materials in underground projects and dam gates. The difficulties and future development of self-healing cracks were analyzed. A microbial self-healing agent was embedded in the cement-based material, which automatically repaired the developing cracks. With the development of intelligent building materials, self-healing cracks have become the focus of attention.

关键词: cement-based materials     cracks     microbial self-healing agent     mechanism     intelligent building materials    

Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

Himanshu PATHAK,Akhilendra SINGH,I.V. SINGH,S. K. YADAV

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 359-382 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0304-z

摘要: This paper deals with the fatigue crack growth simulations of three-dimensional linear elastic cracks by XFEM under cyclic thermal load. Both temperature and displacement approximations are extrinsically enriched by Heaviside and crack front enrichment functions. Crack growth is modelled by successive linear extensions, and the end points of these linear extensions are joined by cubic spline segments to obtain a modified crack front. Different crack geometries such as planer, non-planer and arbitrary spline shape cracks are simulated under thermal shock, adiabatic and isothermal loads to reveal the sturdiness and versatility of the XFEM approach.

关键词: 3-D cracks     fatigue life     Paris law     thermal load     XFEM    

Investigation of Generalized SIFs of cracks in 3D piezoelectric media under various crack-face conditions

Jaroon RUNGAMORNRAT, Bounsana CHANSAVANG, Weeraporn PHONGTINNABOOT, Chung Nguyen VAN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 280-298 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0586-7

摘要: This paper investigates the influence of crack geometry, crack-face and loading conditions, and the permittivity of a medium inside the crack gap on intensity factors of planar and non-planar cracks in linear piezoelectric media. A weakly singular boundary integral equation method together with the near-front approximation is adopted to accurately determine the intensity factors. Obtained results indicate that the non-flat crack surface, the electric field, and the permittivity of a medium inside the crack gap play a crucial role on the behavior of intensity factors. The mode-I stress intensity factors ( ) for two representative non-planar cracks under different crack-face conditions are found significantly different and they possess both upper and lower bounds. In addition, for impermeable and semi-permeable non-planar cracks treated depends strongly on the electric field whereas those of impermeable, permeable, and semi-permeable penny-shaped cracks are identical and independent of the electric field. The stress/electric intensity factors predicted by permeable and energetically consistent models are, respectively, independent of and dependent on the electric field for the penny-shaped crack and the two representative non-planar cracks. Also, the permittivity of a medium inside the crack gap strongly affects the intensity factors for all crack configurations considered except for of the semi-permeable penny-shaped crack.

关键词: crack-face conditions     intensity factors     non-flat cracks     permittivity     piezoelectric media     SGBEM    

Fast detection algorithm for cracks on tunnel linings based on deep semantic segmentation

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 732-744 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0965-y

摘要: An algorithm based on deep semantic segmentation called LC-DeepLab is proposed for detecting the trends and geometries of cracks on tunnel linings at the pixel level. The proposed method addresses the low accuracy of tunnel crack segmentation and the slow detection speed of conventional models in complex backgrounds. The novel algorithm is based on the DeepLabv3+ network framework. A lighter backbone network was used for feature extraction. Next, an efficient shallow feature fusion module that extracts crack features across pixels is designed to improve the edges of crack segmentation. Finally, an efficient attention module that significantly improves the anti-interference ability of the model in complex backgrounds is validated. Four classic semantic segmentation algorithms (fully convolutional network, pyramid scene parsing network, U-Net, and DeepLabv3+) are selected for comparative analysis to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that LC-DeepLab can accurately segment and highlight cracks from tunnel linings in complex backgrounds, and the accuracy (mean intersection over union) is 78.26%. The LC-DeepLab can achieve a real-time segmentation of 416 × 416 × 3 defect images with 46.98 f/s and 21.85 Mb parameters.

关键词: tunnel engineering     crack segmentation     fast detection     DeepLabv3+     feature fusion     attention mechanism    

Ductile extension of 3-D external circumferential cracks in pipe structures

Wuchao YANG, Xudong QIAN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 294-303 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0115-9

摘要: This study investigates the ductile fracture resistance of 3-D external circumferential cracks in the wall of a steel pipe under remote tension, using a damage-mechanism model originally proposed by Gurson and Tvergaard. The ductile crack extension utilizes an element extinction technique implemented in the computational cell framework. The key parameter for the computational cell method, i.e., the initial porosity ratio , is calibrated using both the fracture resistance and the load-deformation responses obtained from fracture tests of multiple single-edge bend [SE(B)] specimens made of high-strength steel, HY80, which has a yield strength of 630 MPa. The fracture resistance along the 3-D semi-elliptical crack front is computed from the calibrated cell model. Based on the similarity concept in the near-tip stress-strain fields, this study demonstrates that an equivalent 2-D axi-symmetric model provides conservative estimations of the fracture resistance for 3-D circumferential cracks in pipes.

关键词: ductile fracture     computational cell method     G-T model     J-R curve    

Effect of calcium lactate on compressive strength and self-healing of cracks in microbial concrete

Kunamineni VIJAY, Meena MURMU

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 515-525 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0494-2

摘要: This paper presents the effect on compressive strength and self-healing capability of bacterial concrete with the addition of calcium lactate. Compared to normal concrete, bacterial concrete possesses higher durability and engineering concrete properties. The production of calcium carbonate in bacterial concrete is limited to the calcium content in cement. Hence calcium lactate is externally added to be an additional source of calcium in the concrete. The influence of this addition on compressive strength, self-healing capability of cracks is highlighted in this study. The bacterium used in the study is and was added to both spore powder form and culture form to the concrete. spore powder of 2 million cfu/g concentration with 0.5% cement was mixed to concrete. Calcium lactates with concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% of cement, was added to the concrete mixes to test the effect on properties of concrete. In other samples, cultured with a concentration of 1×10 cells/mL was mixed with concrete, to study the effect of bacteria in the cultured form on the properties of concrete. Cubes of 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm were used for the study. These cubes were tested after a curing period of 7, 14 and 28 d. A maximum of 12% increase in compressive strength was observed with the addition of 0.5% of calcium lactate in concrete. Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy examination showed the formation of ettringite in pores; calcium silicate hydrates and calcite which made the concrete denser. A statistical technique was applied to analyze the experimental data of the compressive strengths of cementations materials. Response surface methodology was adopted for optimizing the experimental data. The regression equation was yielded by the application of response surface methodology relating response variables to input parameters. This method aids in predicting the experimental results accurately with an acceptable range of error. Findings of this investigation indicated the influence of added calcium lactate in bio-concrete which is quite impressive for improving the compressive strength and self-healing properties of concrete.

关键词: calcium lactate     bacillus subtilis     compressive strength     self-healing of cracks    

Fracture behavior of two non-symmetrical collinear cracks emanating from an elliptical hole in a piezoelectric

Junhong GUO, Zixing LU

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第6卷 第3期   页码 296-300 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0236-9

摘要:

Based on the Stroh-type formalism and the technique of conformal mapping, the problem of two non-symmetrical collinear cracks emanating from an elliptical hole in a piezoelectric solid is investigated under remotely uniform in-plane electric loading and anti-plane mechanical loading, which allowed us to take the electric field inside the hole and cracks into account. The analytical solutions of the field intensity factors and the energy release rate are presented in closed-form, which includes the extreme cases for an impermeable crack and a permeable crack. Numerical results are then presented to reveal the effects of geometrical parameters, crack permeability and combined mechanical and electric loadings on the energy release rate.

关键词: piezoelectric materials     elliptical hole     semi-permeable crack     energy release rate     analytic solution    

Detecting large-scale underwater cracks based on remote operated vehicle and graph convolutional neural

Wenxuan CAO; Junjie LI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第11期   页码 1378-1396 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0855-8

摘要: It is of great significance to quickly detect underwater cracks as they can seriously threaten the safety of underwater structures. Research to date has mainly focused on the detection of above-water-level cracks and hasn’t considered the large scale cracks. In this paper, a large-scale underwater crack examination method is proposed based on image stitching and segmentation. In addition, a purpose of this paper is to design a new convolution method to segment underwater images. An improved As-Projective-As-Possible (APAP) algorithm was designed to extract and stitch keyframes from videos. The graph convolutional neural network (GCN) was used to segment the stitched image. The GCN’s m-IOU is 24.02% higher than Fully convolutional networks (FCN), proving that GCN has great potential of application in image segmentation and underwater image processing. The result shows that the improved APAP algorithm and GCN can adapt to complex underwater environments and perform well in different study areas.

关键词: underwater cracks     remote operated vehicle     image stitching     image segmentation     graph convolutional neural network    

P60钢轨鱼鳞伤萌生寿命

石嵘,范志毅,何越磊

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第8期   页码 65-68

摘要:

上海轨道交通1号线锦江乐园至莘庄路段P60钢轨使用至今已出现不同程度伤损。曲线路段的部分钢轨外轨内侧出现鱼鳞伤,严重的鱼鳞伤甚至向下发展导致核伤。鱼鳞伤在疲劳裂纹的初期发展缓慢,随着疲劳荷载次数增加,裂纹深度扩展速率dh/dN发生转折。定义裂纹深度扩展速率发生转折时对应的疲劳荷载的次数为鱼鳞伤萌生寿命。

关键词: 钢轨     鱼鳞伤     疲劳裂纹     裂纹深度扩展速率     萌生寿命    

Dynamic crack propagation in plates weakened by inclined cracks: an investigation based on peridynamics

A. SHAFIEI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 527-535 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0450-1

摘要: Peridynamics is a theory in solid mechanics that uses integral equations instead of partial differential equations as governing equations. It can be applied to fracture problems in contrast to the approach of fracture mechanics. In this paper by using peridynamics, the crack path for inclined crack under dynamic loading were investigated. The peridynamics solution for this problem represents the main features of dynamic crack propagation such as crack bifurcation. The problem is solved for various angles and different stress values. In addition, the influence of geometry on inclined crack growth is studied. The results are compared with molecular dynamic solutions that seem to show reasonable agreement in branching position and time.

关键词: peridynamics     inclined crack     dynamic fracture     crack branching    

深层搅拌桩墙围护结构裂缝成因探讨

高文华,王祥秋,陈秋南,张志敏

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第12期   页码 88-91

摘要:

针对基坑支护中深层搅拌桩墙围护结构出现的开裂,采用Mindlin厚板理论对其受力与变形性状进行弹塑性分析,建立了墙体的厚板力学模型和三维有限元分析模型,并编制了有限元分析程序;基于墙体受到纵向弯矩、横向弯矩和扭矩的综合作用,提出采用等效弯矩法评价墙体的综合抗弯性能;利用所编制的程序,获得了某基坑深层搅拌桩墙围护结构墙体水平位移和等效弯矩的空间分布规律;计算结果表明,墙体东侧环球广场横向支撑附加力的作用是使墙体形成破裂面的主要原因。

关键词: 裂缝     深层搅拌桩墙     厚板     等效弯矩     三维有限元    

Initiation and propagation laws of the glass cracks in specimens subjected to normal loading under the

WAN Zhen-ping, LIU Ya-jun, TANG Yong, YE Bang-yan

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2006年 第1卷 第2期   页码 194-198 doi: 10.1007/s11465-005-0011-x

摘要: With more and more applications of glass in advanced fields of science, the demand for glass machining precision has increased greatly. More and more attention is being paid to glass cutting because precise glass parts with various shapes can be obtained at high efficiency and low cost. To improve the machining precision of part surfaces and to facilitate tool design and cutting parameter selection, the initiation and propagation laws of glass cracks in specimens subjected to normal loading by symmetric wedges were investigated. Research results show that initiation and propagation laws are the same with interior symmetric wedge angles of 30o-120o, while the laws are different with interior symmetric wedge angles equal to or more than "e150o. The relationship between medial crack length and normal loading was also investigated when specimens were indented by symmetrical wedges with interior angles of 30o-120o.

关键词: different     30o-120o     relationship     initiation     cutting parameter    

Peridynamics versus XFEM: a comparative study for quasi-static crack problems

Jinhai ZHAO, Hesheng TANG, Songtao XUE

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 548-557 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0434-6

摘要: Peridynamics (PD) is a nonlocal continuum theory based on integro-differential equations without spatial derivatives. The fracture criterion is implicitly incorporated in the PD theory and fracture is a natural outcome of the simulation. However, capturing of complex mixed-mode crack patterns has been proven to be difficult with PD. On the other hand, the extended finite element method (XFEM) is one of the most popular methods for fracture which allows crack propagation with minimal remeshing. It requires a fracture criterion which is independent of the underlying discretization though a certain refinement is needed in order to obtain suitable results. This article presents a comparative study between XFEM and PD. Therefore, two examples are studied. The first example is crack propagation in a double notched specimen under uniaxial tension with different crack spacings in loading direction. The second example is the specimens with two center cracks. The results show that PD as well as XFEM are well suited to capture this type of behaviour.

关键词: XFEM     peridynamic     bilateral crack     parallel double cracks     nonlocal theory    

Structural health monitoring with fiber optic sensors

F. ANSARI

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第4卷 第2期   页码 103-110 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0032-y

摘要: Optical fiber sensors have been successfully implemented in aeronautics, mechanical systems, and medical applications. Civil structures pose further challenges in monitoring mainly due to their large dimensions, diversity and heterogeneity of materials involved, and hostile construction environment. This article provides a summary of basic principles pertaining to practical health monitoring of civil engineering structures with optical fiber sensors. The issues discussed include basic sensor principles, strain transfer mechanism, sensor packaging, sensor placement in construction environment, and reliability and survivability of the sensors.

关键词: Bridges     structural health monitoring     smart skins     cracks     strains     displacements     fiber optic sensors     FBG     structures    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Detection for transverse corner cracks of steel plates’ surface using wavelet

Qiong ZHOU, Qi AN

期刊论文

Microbial self-healing of cracks in cement-based materials and its influencing factors

期刊论文

Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

Himanshu PATHAK,Akhilendra SINGH,I.V. SINGH,S. K. YADAV

期刊论文

Investigation of Generalized SIFs of cracks in 3D piezoelectric media under various crack-face conditions

Jaroon RUNGAMORNRAT, Bounsana CHANSAVANG, Weeraporn PHONGTINNABOOT, Chung Nguyen VAN

期刊论文

Fast detection algorithm for cracks on tunnel linings based on deep semantic segmentation

期刊论文

Ductile extension of 3-D external circumferential cracks in pipe structures

Wuchao YANG, Xudong QIAN

期刊论文

Effect of calcium lactate on compressive strength and self-healing of cracks in microbial concrete

Kunamineni VIJAY, Meena MURMU

期刊论文

Fracture behavior of two non-symmetrical collinear cracks emanating from an elliptical hole in a piezoelectric

Junhong GUO, Zixing LU

期刊论文

Detecting large-scale underwater cracks based on remote operated vehicle and graph convolutional neural

Wenxuan CAO; Junjie LI

期刊论文

P60钢轨鱼鳞伤萌生寿命

石嵘,范志毅,何越磊

期刊论文

Dynamic crack propagation in plates weakened by inclined cracks: an investigation based on peridynamics

A. SHAFIEI

期刊论文

深层搅拌桩墙围护结构裂缝成因探讨

高文华,王祥秋,陈秋南,张志敏

期刊论文

Initiation and propagation laws of the glass cracks in specimens subjected to normal loading under the

WAN Zhen-ping, LIU Ya-jun, TANG Yong, YE Bang-yan

期刊论文

Peridynamics versus XFEM: a comparative study for quasi-static crack problems

Jinhai ZHAO, Hesheng TANG, Songtao XUE

期刊论文

Structural health monitoring with fiber optic sensors

F. ANSARI

期刊论文