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Aseismic smart building isolation systems under multi-level earthquake excitations: Part II, energy-dissipation

Min-Ho CHEY,J. Geoffrey CHASE,John B. MANDER,Athol J. CARR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 297-306 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0308-8

摘要： Based on the performance results of the previously suggested smart building isolation systems (1st companion paper), this following study verifies the control effects of the systems from the view point of energy dissipation and damage level metrics. Several different model cases of the strategically isolated multi-story building structures utilizing passive dampers and semi-active resettable devices are analyzed and the energy-based target indices are compared. Performance comparisons are conducted on statistically calculated story/structural hysteretic energy and story/structural damage demands over realistic suites of earthquake ground motion records, representing seismic excitations of specific return period probability. Again, the semi-active solutions show significant promise for applications of resettable device, offering advantages over passive systems in the consistent damage reductions. The specific results of this study include the identification of differences in the mechanisms by which smart building isolation systems remove energy, based on the differences in the devices used. Less variability is also seen for the semi-active isolation systems, indicating an increased robustness.

关键词： smart building isolation     story and structural     energy-dissipation     damage assessment    

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Determination of energy dissipation of a spider silk structure under impulsive loading

Jorge ALENCASTRE,Carlos MAGO,Richard RIVERA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 306-310 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0349-7

摘要：

Various researches and studies have demonstrated that spider silk is much stronger and more deformable than a steel string of the same diameter from a mechanical approach. These excellent properties have caused many scientific disciplines to get involved, such as bio-mechanics, bio-materials and bio-mimetics, in order to create a material of similar properties and characteristics. It should be noted that the researches and studies have been oriented mainly as a quasi-static model. For this research, the analysis has taken a dynamic approach and determined the dissipation energy of a structure which is made of spider silk “Dragline” and produced by the Argiope-Argentata spider, through an analytical-experimental way, when being subjected to impulsive loading. Both experimental and analytical results, the latter obtained by using adjusted models, have given high levels of dissipation energy during the first cycle of vibration, which are consistent with the values suggested by other authors.

关键词： dissipation energy     impact     visco-elastic material     spider silk    

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Experimental investigations of internal energy dissipation during fracture of fiber-reinforced ultra-high-performance

Eric N. LANDIS, Roman KRAVCHUK, Dmitry LOSHKOV

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 190-200 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0487-1

摘要： Split-cylinder fracture of fiber-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) was examined using two complementary techniques: X-ray computed tomography (CT) and acoustic emission (AE). Fifty-mm-diameter specimens of two different fiber types were scanned both before and after load testing. From the CT images, fiber orientation was evaluated to establish optimum and pessimum specimen orientations, at which fibers would have maximum and minimum effect, respectively. As expected, fiber orientation affected both the peak load and the toughness of the specimen, with the optimum toughness being between 20% and 30% higher than the pessimum. Cumulative AE energy was also affected commensurately. Posttest CT scans of the specimens were used to measure internal damage. Damage was quantified in terms of internal energy dissipation due to both matrix cracking and fiber pullout by using calibration measurements for each. The results showed that fiber pullout was the dominant energy dissipation mechanism; however, the sum of the internal energy dissipation measured amounted to only 60% of the total energy dissipated by the specimens as measured by the net work of load. It is postulated that localized compaction of the UHPC matrix as well as internal friction between fractured fragments makes up the balance of internal energy dissipation.

关键词： ultra-high-performance concrete     concrete fracture     X-ray computed tomography     acoustic emission    

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Evaluation of a developed bypass viscous damper performance

Mahrad FAHIMINIA, Aydin SHISHEGARAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 773-791 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0627-2

摘要： In this study, the dynamic behavior of a developed bypass viscous damper is evaluated. Bypass viscous damper has a flexible hose as an external orifice through which the inside fluid transfer from one side to the other side of the inner piston. Accordingly, the viscosity coefficient of the damper can be adjusted using geometrical dimensions of the hose. Moreover, the external orifice acts as a thermal compensator and alleviates viscous heating of the damper. According to experimental results, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model, a numerical formula and the simplified Maxwell model are found and assessed; therefore, the verification of numerical and computational models are evaluated for simulating. Also, a simplified procedure is proposed to design structures with bypass viscous dampers. The design procedure is applied to design an 8-story hospital structure with bypass viscous dampers, and it is compared with the same structure, which is designed with concentric braces and without dampers. Nonlinear time history analyses revealed that the hospital with viscous damper experiences less structural inelastic demands and fewer story accelerations which mean fewer demands on nonstructural elements. Moreover, seismic behaviors of nonstructural masonry claddings are also compared in the cases of hospital structure with and without dampers.

关键词： developed viscous damper     external orifice     energy dissipation     seismic behavior     CFD model of viscous damper     a simplified model    

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Effect of strata restraint on seismic performance of prefabricated sidewall joints in fabricated subway stations

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 763-779 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0917-6

摘要： A disadvantage of the conventional quasi-static test method is that it does not consider the soil restraint effect. A new method to test the seismic performance of prefabricated specimens for underground assembled structures is proposed, which can realistically reflect the strata restraint effect on the underground structure. Laboratory work combined with finite element (FE) analysis is performed in this study. Three full-scale sidewall specimens with different joint forms are designed and fabricated. Indices related to the seismic performance and damage modes are analyzed comprehensively to reveal the mechanism of the strata restraint effect on the prefabricated sidewall components. Test results show that the strata restraint effect effectively improves the energy dissipation capacity, load-bearing capacity, and the recoverability of the internal deformation of the precast sidewall components. However, the strata restraint effect reduces the ductility of the precast sidewall components and aggravates the shear and bending deformations in the core region of the connection joints. Additionally, the strata restraint effect significantly affects the seismic performance and damage mode of the prefabricated sidewall components. An FE model that can be used to conduct a seismic performance study of prefabricated specimens for underground assembled structures is proposed, and its feasibility is verified via comparison with test data.

关键词： underground structures     precast sidewall specimen     seismic test method     bearing capacity     energy dissipation capacity     plastic deformation    

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Behaviour of self-centring shear walls——A state of the art review

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 53-77 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0850-0

摘要： The application of unbonded post-tensioning (PT) in structural walls has led to the development of advanced self-centring (rocking) shear wall systems that has significant advantages, including accelerated construction due to the incorporation of prefabricated elements and segmental construction for different materials (e.g., concrete, masonry, and timber), reduced residual drifts, and little damage upon extreme seismic and wind loads. Concrete, masonry, and timber are often used for the construction of unbonded PT structural wall systems. Despite extensive research since the 1980s, there are no well-established design guidelines available on the shear wall configuration with the required energy dissipation system, joint’s locations and acceptance criteria for shear sliding, confinement, seismic performance factors, PT loss, PT force range and residual drifts of shear walls subjected to lateral loads. In this research a comprehensive state-of-the-art literature review was performed on self-centring shear wall system. An extensive study was carried out to collect a database of 100 concrete, masonry, and self-centring shear wall tests from the literature. The established database was then used to review shear walls’ configurations, material, and components to benchmark requirements applicable for design purposes. The behaviour of concrete, masonry and timber shear walls were compared and critically analysed. The general behaviour, force-displacement performance of the walls, ductility, and seismic response factors, were critically reviewed and analysed for different self-centring wall systems to understand the effect of different parameters including configurations of the walls, material used for construction of the wall (concrete, masonry, timber) and axial stress ratio. The outcome of this research can be used to better understand the behaviour of self-centring wall system in order to develop design guidelines for such walls.

关键词： self-centring shear walls     rocking walls     energy dissipation     seismic performance factors     PT loss     residual drift    

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Application of entransy dissipation theory in heat convection

Mingtian XU, Jiangfeng GUO, Lin CHENG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 402-405 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0055-4

摘要： In the present work, formulas for calculating the rates of the local thermodynamic entransy dissipation in convective heat transfer in general, and the internal and external flows in particular, are established. Practically, these results may facilitate the application of entransy dissipation theory in thermal engineering. Theoretically they shed light on solving the contradiction of the minimum entropy production principle with balance equations in continuum mechanics.

关键词： entransy dissipation     heat convection     heat exchanger    

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Hysteretic behavior of cambered surface steel tube damper: Theoretical and experimental research

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 606-624 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0925-6

摘要： A novel cambered surface steel tube damper (CSTD) with a cambered surface steel tube and two concave connecting plates is proposed herein. The steel tube is the main energy dissipation component and comprises a weakened segment in the middle, a transition segment, and an embedded segment. It is believed that during an earthquake, the middle weakened segment of the CSTD will be damaged, whereas the reliability of the end connection is ensured. Theoretical and experimental studies are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed CSTD. Formulas for the initial stiffness and yield force of the CSTD are proposed. Subsequently, two CSTD specimens with different steel tube thicknesses are fabricated and tested under cyclic quasi-static loads. The result shows that the CSTD yields a stable hysteretic response and affords excellent energy dissipation. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of the steel tube height, diameter, and thickness on the seismic performance of the CSTD. Compared with equal-stiffness design steel tube dampers, the CSTD exhibits better energy dissipation performance, more stable hysteretic response, and better uniformity in plastic deformation distributions.

关键词： cambered surface steel tube damper     energy dissipation capacity     finite element model     hysteretic performance     parametric study    

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Parametric computational study on butterfly-shaped hysteretic dampers

Ali Reza FARZAMPOUR, Matthew Roy EATHERTON

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期   页码 1214-1226 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0550-6

摘要： A parametric computational study is conducted to investigate the shear yielding, flexural yielding, and lateral torsional buckling limit states for butterfly-shaped links. After validating the accuracy of the finite element (FE) modeling approach against previous experiments, 112 computational models with different geometrical properties were constructed and analyzed including consideration of initial imperfections. The resulting yielding moment, corresponding critical shear force, the accumulation of plastic strains through the length of links as well as the amount of energy dissipated are investigated. The results indicate that as the shape of the butterfly-shaped links become too straight or conversely too narrow in the middle, peak accumulated plastic strains increase. The significant effect of plate thickness on the buckling limit state is examined in this study. Results show that overstrength for these links (peak force divided by yield force) is between 1.2 and 4.5, with straight links producing larger overstrength. Additionally, proportioning the links to delay buckling, and designing the links to yield in the flexural mode are shown to improve energy dissipation.

关键词： structural fuse     hysteretic damper     finite element analysis     energy dissipation     initial imperfection     butterfly-shaped links    

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Tensile ratcheting behaviors of bronze powder filled polytetrafluoroethylene

Wenjuan XU, Hong GAO, LiLan GAO, Xu CHEN, Yong WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 103-109 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1315-8

摘要： A series of tensile and ratcheting experiments for compacted polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and bronze filled PTFE (PTFE/bronze) were conducted on dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA-Q800). The effects of mean stress, stress amplitude and temperature on the ratcheting behaviors of PTFE and PTFE/bronze were investigated. It is found that the stress-strain response of PTFE/bronze is nonlinear and its elastic modulus is higher than that of pure PTFE. For uniaxial ratcheting test, the dissipation strain energy density (DSED) decreases rapidly in the first 10 cycles and approaches a constant after 20 cycles. The ratcheting strain and the DSED corresponding to 100 cycles increase with increasing mean stress, stress amplitude and temperature. Additionally, the DSED and ratcheting strain of PTFE/bronze are much lower than those of pure PTFE under the same experimental conditions. It is also found that both pure PTFE and PTFE/bronze present cyclic hardening characteristics. Above all, the addition of bronze can improve both the uniaxial tensile property and the cyclic property of PTFE.

关键词： bronze filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE/bronze)     uniaxial tensile behavior     ratcheting behavior     dissipation strain energy density (DSED)    

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Effect of eccentricity in reinforced concrete beam-column-slab connection under cyclic loading

Rooh ULLAH, Amjad NASEER, Muhammad FAHIM, Mohammad ASHRAF, Eid BADSHAH

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 390-398 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0690-3

摘要： Beam–column connections are one of the most critical elements of reinforced concrete structures, especially in seismically active regions, and have been extensively evaluated experimentally and numerically. However, very limited experimental studies about eccentric reinforced concrete connections including the effect of connected slabs are available. This study presents the experimental results of two half-scale eccentric beam-column-slab connections subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading. The horizontal eccentricity ( ) is maintained at 12.5% and 25% of column width ( ) for specimens 1 and 2, respectively. The damage pattern, performance levels, displacement ductility ( ), energy dissipation, and connection strength and stiffness are compared for both specimens, and the effect of eccentricity is evaluated. It is concluded that the eccentricity has no significant effect on the lateral load carrying capacity; however, the overall strength degradation increases with the increase in eccentricity. Similarly, the elastic stiffness of specimen 2 decreased by 14% as the eccentricity increased from 12.5% to 25%; however, the eccentricity had no significant effect on the overall stiffness degradation. decreased by 43%, and the energy dissipation capacity decreased by 40% in specimen 2 with higher eccentricity. The story drifts corresponding to the performance levels of the life safety (LS) and collapse prevention (CP) were found to be 28% lesser in specimen 2 than in specimen 1.

关键词： corner connection     eccentricity     strength degradation     stiffness degradation     energy dissipation     performance levels    

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Numerical analysis of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration concerning nonlinear stress-dependent damping

Pengfei LI; Jinquan ZHANG; Shengqi MEI; Zhenhua DONG; Yan MAO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 239-249 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0804-y

摘要： Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges. The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge structures. This study investigated the application of stress-dependent damping associated with vehicle-bridge coupling vibration and based on that investigation proposed the stress-dependent damping ratio. The results of the investigation show that the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly different from the constant damping ratio (5%) defined in the standard specification. When vehicles travel at speeds of 30, 60, and 90, the damping ratios of the bridge model are 3.656%, 3.658%, and 3.671%, respectively. The peak accelerations using the regular damping ratio are 18.9%, 21.3%, and 14.5% of the stress-dependent damping ratio, respectively. When the vehicle load on the bridge is doubled, the peak acceleration of the mid-span node increases by 5.4 times, and the stress-related damping ratio increases by 2.1%. A corrugated steel-web bridge is being used as a case study, and the vibration response of the bridge is compared with the measured results. The acceleration response of the bridge which was calculated using the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly closer to the measured acceleration response than that using the regular damping ratio.

关键词： vehicle-bridge vibration system     dynamic analysis     stress-dependent damping     energy dissipation    

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Cutting heat dissipation in high-speed machining of carbon steel based on the calorimetric method

QUAN Yanming, HE Zhenwei, DOU Yong

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第2期   页码 175-179 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0022-5

摘要： The cutting heat dissipation in chips, workpiece, tool and surroundings during the high-speed machining of carbon steel is quantitatively investigated based on the calorimetric method. Water is used as the medium to absorb the cutting heat; a self-designed container suitable for the high-speed lathe is used to collect the chips, and two other containers are adopted to absorb the cutting heat dissipated in the workpiece and tool, respectively. The temperature variations of the water, chips, workpiece, tool and surroundings during the closed high-speed machining are then measured. Thus, the cutting heat dissipated in each component of the cutting system, total cutting heat and heat flux are calculated. Moreover, the power resulting from the main cutting force is obtained according to the measured cutting force and predetermined cutting speed. The accuracy of cutting heat measurement by the calorimetric method is finally evaluated by comparing the total cutting heat flux with the power resulting from the main cutting force.

关键词： cutting system     medium     temperature     flux     tool    

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Numerical study of the cyclic load behavior of AISI 316L stainless steel shear links for seismic fuse device

Ruipeng LI,Yunfeng ZHANG,Le-Wei TONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 414-426 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0276-4

摘要： This paper presents the results of nonlinear finite element analyses conducted on stainless steel shear links. Stainless steels are attractive materials for seismic fuse device especially for corrosion-aware environment such as coastal regions because they are highly corrosion resistant, have good ductility and toughness properties in combination with low maintenance requirements. This paper discusses the promising use of AISI 316L stainless steel for shear links as seismic fuse devices. Hysteresis behaviors of four stainless steel shear link specimens under reversed cyclic loading were examined to assess their ultimate strength, plastic rotation and failure modes. The nonlinear finite element analysis results show that shear links made of AISI 316L stainless steel exhibit a high level of ductility. However, it is also found that because of large over-strength ratio associated with its strain hardening process, mixed shear and flexural failure modes were observed in stainless steel shear links compared with conventional steel shear links with the same length ratio. This raises the issue that proper design requirements such as length ratio, element compactness and stiffener spacing need to be determined to ensure the full development of the overall plastic rotation of the stainless steel shear links.

关键词： hysteretic damper     eccentrically braced frame     energy dissipation     seismic     stainless steel     shear link    

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Compressive and cyclic flexural response of double-hooked-end steel fiber reinforced concrete

Demewoz W. MENNA; Aikaterini S. GENIKOMSOU; Mark F. GREEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1104-1126 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0845-x

摘要： Recent developments on high-performance double-hooked-end steel fibers have enhanced the wide applications of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). This study presents the compressive properties and the cyclic flexural performance of the SFRC that were experimentally examined. Three different double-hooked-end steel fibers at 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% volume fractions were considered. All fiber types had similar length to diameter ratios, while the first two fiber types had similar anchorage mechanisms (4D) and tensile strength and the third type had different anchorage mechanism (5D) and a higher tensile strength. The increased volumetric ratio of the fibers increased the post-peak compressive strain (ductility), the tensile strength, and the cyclic flexural strength and cumulative energy dissipation characteristics of the SFRC. Among the 4D fibers, the mixtures with the larger steel fibers showed higher flexural strength and more energy dissipation compared to the SFRCs with smaller size fibers. For 1% steel fiber dosage, 4D and 5D specimens showed similar cyclic flexural responses. Finally, a 3D finite element model that can predict the monotonic and cyclic flexural responses of the double-hooked-end SFRC was developed. The calibration process considered the results obtained from the inverse analysis to determine the tensile behavior of the SFRC.

关键词： steel fiber reinforced concrete     fiber geometry     cyclic loading     energy dissipation     finite element modeling     inverse analysis    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Aseismic smart building isolation systems under multi-level earthquake excitations: Part II, energy-dissipation

Min-Ho CHEY,J. Geoffrey CHASE,John B. MANDER,Athol J. CARR

期刊论文

Determination of energy dissipation of a spider silk structure under impulsive loading

Jorge ALENCASTRE,Carlos MAGO,Richard RIVERA

期刊论文

Experimental investigations of internal energy dissipation during fracture of fiber-reinforced ultra-high-performance

Eric N. LANDIS, Roman KRAVCHUK, Dmitry LOSHKOV

期刊论文

Evaluation of a developed bypass viscous damper performance

Mahrad FAHIMINIA, Aydin SHISHEGARAN

期刊论文

Effect of strata restraint on seismic performance of prefabricated sidewall joints in fabricated subway stations

期刊论文

Behaviour of self-centring shear walls——A state of the art review

期刊论文

Application of entransy dissipation theory in heat convection

Mingtian XU, Jiangfeng GUO, Lin CHENG,

期刊论文

Hysteretic behavior of cambered surface steel tube damper: Theoretical and experimental research

期刊论文

Parametric computational study on butterfly-shaped hysteretic dampers

Ali Reza FARZAMPOUR, Matthew Roy EATHERTON

期刊论文

Tensile ratcheting behaviors of bronze powder filled polytetrafluoroethylene

Wenjuan XU, Hong GAO, LiLan GAO, Xu CHEN, Yong WANG

期刊论文

Effect of eccentricity in reinforced concrete beam-column-slab connection under cyclic loading

Rooh ULLAH, Amjad NASEER, Muhammad FAHIM, Mohammad ASHRAF, Eid BADSHAH

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration concerning nonlinear stress-dependent damping

Pengfei LI; Jinquan ZHANG; Shengqi MEI; Zhenhua DONG; Yan MAO

期刊论文

Cutting heat dissipation in high-speed machining of carbon steel based on the calorimetric method

QUAN Yanming, HE Zhenwei, DOU Yong

期刊论文

Numerical study of the cyclic load behavior of AISI 316L stainless steel shear links for seismic fuse device

Ruipeng LI,Yunfeng ZHANG,Le-Wei TONG

期刊论文

Compressive and cyclic flexural response of double-hooked-end steel fiber reinforced concrete

Demewoz W. MENNA; Aikaterini S. GENIKOMSOU; Mark F. GREEN

期刊论文