资源类型

期刊论文 20

会议视频 14

年份

2023 1

2022 12

2021 6

2020 9

2019 1

2018 3

2012 1

2004 1

展开 ︾

关键词

抗击疫情 6

2021全球十大工程成就 2

医学 2

2020全球工程前沿 1

COVID-19 1

H7N9 1

SARS 1

SEIR+Q传染病动力学模型 1

临床诊断标准 1

人工神经网络 1

传播动力学模型 1

保持社交距离 1

全城症状排查 1

公共卫生事件,应急管理,疫情防控,精准感知,信息技术赋能,一体化 1

农业科学 1

医疗物资储备体系 1

国家形象;新冠肺炎;主题挖掘;实体;新闻立场;情感 1

基本框架 1

大数据 1

展开 ︾

检索范围:

排序: 展示方式:

Pneumonic plague epidemic in Northeast China in 1910–1911: Dr.Wu Lien-Teh’s epidemic preventive system for plague control

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 113-115 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0613-4

摘要:

Pneumonic plague that originated in Russian Siberia broke out in Northeast China in October 1910–March 1911. On the basis of field visits, autopsy, bacteriological identification, and close collaboration with local authorities and international colleagues, Dr. Wu Lien-Teh implemented a series of efficient antiplague measures, which successfully controlled the development of an extraordinary epidemic plague. In his subsequent work, Dr. Wu demonstrated the respiratory transmission of pneumonic plague and tarbagans’ role in this spread. Dr. Wu’s academic and cultural contributions are valuable in the medical progress in China.

关键词: pneumonic plague     prevention     epidemic control     Wu Lien-Teh    

Early-onset diabetes: an epidemic in China

Jiemin Pan, Weiping Jia

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 624-633 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0669-1

摘要:

Although type 2 diabetes is a disease often associated with aging, the global prevalence of early-onset diabetes has been increasing due to man’s sedentary lifestyle, low-physical activity, obesity, and some non-modifiable risk factors. Many studies have found that individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes were at higher risk of developing vascular complications than those with late-onset diabetes. Individuals with early-onset diabetes are usually unwilling to visit hospital and have more confidence in their health, which results in poor glycemic control and the delayed detection of diabetes-related complications. Few studies have focused on the treatment and prevention of complications in specific population of individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Therefore, focusing on this particular population is critical for the government and academic societies. Screening for T2DM is imminent for young adults with a family history of diabetes, obesity, markers of insulin resistance, or alcohol consumption. More data are definitely required to establish a reasonable risk model to screen for early-onset diabetes.

关键词: diabetes     early-onset     diabetes complications    

The epidemic status and risk factors of lung cancer in Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 388-394 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0233-3

摘要:

Xuanwei City (formerly known as Xuanwei County) locates in the northeastern of Yunnan Province and is rich in coal, iron, copper and other mines, especially the smoky (bituminous) coal. Unfortunately, the lung cancer morbidity and mortality rates in this region are among China’s highest, with a clear upward trend from the mid-1970s to mid-2000s. In 2004–2005, the crude death rate of lung cancer was 91.3 per 100 000 in the whole Xuanwei City, while that for Laibin Town in this city was 241.14 per 100 000. The epidemiologic distribution (clustering patterns by population, time, and space) of lung cancer in Xuanwei has some special features, e.g., high incidence in rural areas, high incidence in females, and an early age peak in lung cancer deaths. The main factor that associates with a high rate of lung cancer incidence was found to be indoor air pollution caused by the indoor burning of smoky coal. To a certain extent, genetic defects are also associated with the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei. Taken together, lung cancer in this smoky coal combustion region is a unique model for environmental factor-related human cancer, and the current studies indicate that abandoning the use of smoky coal is the key to diminish lung cancer morbidity and mortality.

关键词: lung cancer     Xuanwei     smoky coal combustion     polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons     epidemiology    

Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 213-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0631-2

摘要: Cholera is a secretory diarrhoeal disease caused by infection with , primarily the O1 El Tor biotype. There are approximately 2.9 million cases in 69 endemic countries annually, resulting in 95 000 deaths. Cholera is associated with poor infrastructure and lack of access to sanitation and clean drinking water. The current cholera epidemic in Yemen, linked to spread of O1 (Ogawa serotype), is associated with the ongoing war. This has devastated infrastructure and health services. The World Health Organization had estimated that 172 286 suspected cases arose between 27th April and 19th June 2017, including 1170 deaths. While there are three oral cholera vaccines prequalified by the World Health Organization, there are issues surrounding vaccination campaigns in conflict situations, exacerbated by external factors such as a global vaccine shortage. Major movements of people complicates surveillance and administration of double doses of vaccines. Cholera therapy mainly depends on rehydration, with use of antibiotics in more severe infections. Concerns have arisen about the rise of antibiotic resistance in cholera, due to mobile genetic elements. In this review, we give an overview of cholera epidemiology, virulence, antibiotic resistance, therapy and vaccines, in the light of the ongoing epidemic in Yemen.

关键词: cholera     epidemic     multi-drug resistant     catechin     luteolin     ToxT     CTX&Fcy    

Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents: risk factors and prevention

Eun Young Lee, Kun-Ho Yoon

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 658-666 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0640-1

摘要: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents (aged 2–18 years) has increased rapidly, with more than 100 million affected in 2015. Moreover, the epidemic of obesity in this population has been an important public health problem in developed and developing countries for the following reasons. Childhood and adolescent obesity tracks adulthood obesity and has been implicated in many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, childhood and adolescent obesity is linked to adulthood mortality and premature death. Although an imbalance between caloric intake and physical activity is a principal cause of childhood and adolescent obesity, environmental factors are exclusively important for development of obesity among children and adolescents. In addition to genetic and biological factors, socioenvironmental factors, including family, school, community, and national policies, can play a crucial role. The complexity of risk factors for developing obesity among children and adolescents leads to difficulty in treatment for this population. Many interventional trials for childhood and adolescent obesity have been proven ineffective. Therefore, early identification and prevention is the key to control the global epidemic of obesity. Given that the proportion of overweight children and adolescents is far greater than that of obesity, an effective prevention strategy is to focus on overweight youth, who are at high risk for developing obesity. Multifaceted, comprehensive strategies involving behavioral, psychological, and environmental risk factors must also be developed to prevent obesity among children and adolescents.

关键词: obesity     children     adolescents     epidemiology     risk factor     prevention    

为有效防控新冠病毒肺炎争取时间——抗疫假期政策对疫情传播的影响 Article

陈思邈, 陈秋实, 杨维中, 薛澜, 刘远立, 杨俊涛, 王辰, Till Bärnighausen

《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第10期   页码 1108-1114 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.018

摘要:

在新发突发传染病的早期阶段,快速应对对于疫情防控至关重要。用于控制疫情的公共假期能为大规模、迅速地进行社会隔离和其他举措提供关键的时间窗口期。本研究的目的是探讨抗疫假期的起始时间节点和持续时间对中国早期新冠病毒肺炎疫情传播的影响。我们开发了一个房室模型来模拟从2020年1月开始中国新冠病毒肺炎疫情的动态传播;预测并比较了春节期间在有抗疫假期和没有抗疫假期下的疫情传播;考虑了抗疫假期在不同持续时间、不同起始时间节点,以及在关于病毒传播率的不同假设下的多种情况;估计了在不同情况下达到某些感染阈值所需的天数延迟。结果表明,中国的抗疫假期使新冠病毒肺炎疫情的传播停滞了许多天。与不设抗疫假期的场景相比,基础场景的抗疫假期(湖北省为21 d,中国所有其他省为10 d)可使确诊感染100 000例的时间延迟7.54 d。持续时间更长的抗疫假期会对疫情防控产生更大的影响。为期21 d的全国性抗疫假期可使确诊感染100 000例的时间延迟近10 d。此外,研究发现,在新发突发传染病较早阶段实施抗疫假期比较晚阶段实施对遏制疫情蔓延更有效,抗疫假期期间采取额外的控制措施可以增强疫情控制效果。总之,抗疫假期能够通过有效地减少人群的社交接触频率及范围,从而减缓疫情的传播。抗疫假期使得新冠病毒肺炎传播暂时停滞,为疫情防控争取了时间,科学家可用争取的时间来发现传播途径并确定有效的公共卫生干预措施,政府可用争取的时间来完善基础设施、调配医疗用品、培训和部署专业人力资源,从而为长期防控做好准备。

关键词: 新冠病毒肺炎     模型     春节假期     延长     保持社交距离    

Estimation of reproduction numbers of COVID-19 in typical countries and epidemic trends under different

Chen Xu, Yinqiao Dong, Xiaoyue Yu, Huwen Wang, Lhakpa Tsamlag, Shuxian Zhang, Ruijie Chang, Zezhou Wang, Yuelin Yu, Rusi Long, Ying Wang, Gang Xu, Tian Shen, Suping Wang, Xinxin Zhang, Hui Wang, Yong Cai

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 613-622 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0787-4

摘要: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a life-threatening pandemic. The epidemic trends in different countries vary considerably due to different policy-making and resources mobilization. We calculated basic reproduction number (R ) and the time-varying estimate of the effective reproductive number (R ) of COVID-19 by using the maximum likelihood method and the sequential Bayesian method, respectively. European and North American countries possessed higher R and unsteady R fluctuations, whereas some heavily affected Asian countries showed relatively low R and declining R now. The numbers of patients in Africa and Latin America are still low, but the potential risk of huge outbreaks cannot be ignored. Three scenarios were then simulated, generating distinct outcomes by using SEIR (susceptible, exposed, infectious, and removed) model. First, evidence-based prompt responses yield lower transmission rate followed by decreasing R . Second, implementation of effective control policies at a relatively late stage, in spite of huge casualties at early phase, can still achieve containment and mitigation. Third, wisely taking advantage of the time-window for developing countries in Africa and Latin America to adopt adequate measures can save more people’s life. Our mathematical modeling provides evidence for international communities to develop sound design of containment and mitigation policies for COVID-19.

关键词: reproduction number     SEIR model     COVID-19     estimate    

2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: a quiz or final exam?

Jiuyang Xu, Yijun Chen, Hao Chen, Bin Cao

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 225-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0753-1

摘要: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health. Strikingly, more than 28 000 cases and 550 deaths have been reported within two months from disease emergence. Armed with experience from previous epidemics in the last two decades, clinicians, scientists, officials, and citizens in China are all contributing to the prevention of further 2019-nCoV transmission. Efficient preliminary work has enabled us to understand the basic characteristics of 2019-nCoV, but there are still many unanswered questions. It is too early now to judge our performance in this outbreak. Continuous and strengthened efforts should be made not only during the epidemic, but also afterwards in order to prepare for any incoming challenges.

关键词: 2019-nCoV     novel coronavirus     epidemic     public response    

新冠病毒肺炎疫情防控应急工程管理的伦理反思

方东平, 李文琪, 张恒力, 刘合

《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第10期   页码 1070-1072 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.014

Phase- and epidemic region-adjusted estimation of the number of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in China

Ruijie Chang, Huwen Wang, Shuxian Zhang, Zezhou Wang, Yinqiao Dong, Lhakpa Tsamlag, Xiaoyue Yu, Chen Xu, Yuelin Yu, Rusi Long, Ning-Ning Liu, Qiao Chu, Ying Wang, Gang Xu, Tian Shen, Suping Wang, Xiaobei Deng, Jinyan Huang, Xinxin Zhang, Hui Wang, Yong Cai

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 199-209 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0768-7

摘要: The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 was first reported in Wuhan in December 2019 and gradually spread to other areas in China. After implementation of prevention and control measures, the estimation of the epidemic trend is needed. A phase- and region-adjusted SEIR model was applied for modeling and predicting the number of cases in Wuhan, Hubei Province and regions outside Hubei Province in China. The estimated number of infections could reach its peak in late February 2020 in Wuhan and Hubei Province, which is 55 303–84 520 and 83 944–129 312, respectively, while the epidemic peaks in regions outside Hubei Province in China could appear on February 13, 2020 with the estimated 13 035–19 108 cases. According to the estimation, the outbreak would abate in March and April all over China. Current estimation provided evidence for planned work resumption under stringent prevention and control in China to further support the fight against the epidemic. Nevertheless, there is still possibility of the second outbreak brought by the work resumption and population migration, especially from Hubei Province and high intensity cities outside Hubei Province. Strict prevention and control measures still need to be considered in the regions with high intensity of epidemic and densely-populated cities.

关键词: SEIR model     COVID-19     estimate     China    

SARS传染病数学建模及预测预防控制机理研究

刘云忠,宣慧玉,林国玺

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第9期   页码 60-65

摘要:

首先,利用疾病传播的一般规律及人口守恒统计法则建立了四类人的SARS传染病数学模型,然后运用数学方法对四类人的SARS传染病数学模型进行分析,得出了其生理意义和预防、控制机理。其次,利用人工神经网络理论建立了SARS的预测模型,以北京市的SARS数据为例进行了预测和分析,预测结果显示该模型简单易行,预测精度高。

关键词: SARS     稳定性     轨线     阈值定理     人工神经网络    

Linking key intervention timings to rapid declining effective reproduction number to quantify lessons against COVID-19

Zhihang Peng, Wenyu Song, Zhongxing Ding, Quanquan Guan, Xu Yang, Qiaoqiao Xu, Xu Wang, Yankai Xia

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 623-629 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0788-3

摘要: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently under a global pandemic trend. The efficiency of containment measures and epidemic tendency of typical countries should be assessed. In this study, the efficiency of prevention and control measures in China, Italy, Iran, South Korea, and Japan was assessed, and the COVID-19 epidemic tendency among these countries was compared. Results showed that the effective reproduction number( ) in Wuhan, China increased almost exponentially, reaching a maximum of 3.98 before a lockdown and rapidly decreased to below 1 due to containment and mitigation strategies of the Chinese government. The in Italy declined at a slower pace than that in China after the implementation of prevention and control measures. The in Iran showed a certain decline after the establishment of a national epidemic control command, and an evident stationary phase occurred because the best window period for the prevention and control of the epidemic was missed. The epidemic in Japan and South Korea reoccurred several times with the fluctuating greatly. The epidemic has hardly rebounded in China due to the implementation of prevention and control strategies and the effective enforcement of policies. Other countries suffering from the epidemic could learn from the Chinese experience in containing COVID-19.

关键词: COVID-19     epidemic control comparison     Chinese experience    

China’s local governments are combating COVID-19 with unprecedented responses – from a Wenzhou governance perspective

Fanghua Gong, Yong Xiong, Jian Xiao, Li Lin, Xiaodong Liu, Dezhong Wang, Xiaokun Li

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 220-224 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0755-z

摘要: The COVID-19 caused by a novel strain of coronavirus has been spreading rapidly since its onset in Wuhan, the capital city of central China’s Hubei Province, in December 2019. It is highly communicable through human-to-human transmission. China has been making unprecedented efforts in treating the confirmed cases, identifying and isolating their close contacts and suspected cases to control the source of infection and cut the route of transmission. China’s devotion in handling this epidemic has effectively and efficiently curbed communication domestically and across the border. Representative measures adopted by Wenzhou, the worst hit city out of Hubei Province, are examined to elucidate those massive undertakings with the aim of enhancing international understanding and building global rapport in fighting this evolving epidemic situation.

关键词: COVID-19     novel coronavirus pneumonia     2019-nCoV     epidemic management    

应急状态下新冠流行曲线预测的方法学研究——基于北京市百度搜索和传统流感样病例监测 Article

张婷, 杨柳飏, 韩萱, 范国辉, 钱捷, 胡选成, 赖圣杰, 李中杰, 刘志敏, 冯录召, 杨维中

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第31卷 第12期   页码 112-119 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.006

摘要:

监测是传染病防控的关键环节。在全球暴发的新冠疫情暴露了传统监测方法的局限性,但也为探索新的监测方法提供了契机。本研究旨在利用百度搜索指数和流感样病例(ILI)监测数据,估计SARS-CoV-2的变异株奥密克戎BF.7在北京市应急状态下的传播和流行趋势。本研究创新性地提出了一种复合模型[多注意力双向门控循环单元(MABG)-易感-暴露-感染-恢复(SEIR)],该模型利用深度学习算法(MABG)对ILI历史数据和发烧、发热、咳嗽、咽痛、退烧药、流涕等多种百度指数流感样症状相关关键词进行分析。基于百度指数以及ILI与新冠病毒感染之间的相关性,构建了一个估计SARS-CoV-2传播和流行趋势的传染病传播动力学模型(SEIR)。在新冠病毒感染大流行期间,当常规监测措施暂停时,ILI可以作为评估新冠病毒感染流行病学趋势的重要指标。研究结果显示,北京市自2022年12月17日起累计感染率超过80.25%(95% CI: 77.51%~82.99%),本研究预测疫情高峰时间为2022年12月12日,现存感染者数量的高峰将在该高峰后的三天出现。有效再生数(Rt)代表流行期间某一时间点单个感染者所致平均继发感染人数,该值自2022年12月17日一直低于1。本研究强调,传统的疾病监测系统应辅之以现代监测数据,例如具有先进技术支持的网络信息数据源。现代监测渠道应主要用于监测新发传染病和疾病暴发。应建立对新冠病毒感染的症状监测,以跟踪疫情趋势、疾病严重程度和医疗资源需求。

关键词: 新冠病毒感染     流行曲线     百度搜索引擎     流感样病例     深度学习     传播动力学模型    

“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系建设研究

蔡健平,王晶

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第6期   页码 107-115 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.07.005

摘要:

构建“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系,是提高突发公共卫生事件医疗物资保障能力、完善突发公共卫生事件应急管理体系建设的重要方面。本文总结了我国突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系的发展现状,从制度建设、保障能力、协调机制3个层面剖析了我国医疗物资储备体系存在的问题;阐述了构建“平疫结合”的医疗物资储备体系的必要性与紧迫性,从基本内涵、基本框架、运行机制3个方面提出了“平疫结合”的医疗物资储备体系构建方案。研究建议,完善医疗物资储备制度,优化医疗物资储备体系,健全医疗物资储备体系运行机制,建立医疗物资储备信息共享平台,尽快形成“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系。

关键词: 突发公共卫生事件     医疗物资储备体系     平疫结合     基本框架     运行机制    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Pneumonic plague epidemic in Northeast China in 1910–1911: Dr.Wu Lien-Teh’s epidemic preventive system for plague control

null

期刊论文

Early-onset diabetes: an epidemic in China

Jiemin Pan, Weiping Jia

期刊论文

The epidemic status and risk factors of lung cancer in Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China

null

期刊论文

Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

期刊论文

Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents: risk factors and prevention

Eun Young Lee, Kun-Ho Yoon

期刊论文

为有效防控新冠病毒肺炎争取时间——抗疫假期政策对疫情传播的影响

陈思邈, 陈秋实, 杨维中, 薛澜, 刘远立, 杨俊涛, 王辰, Till Bärnighausen

期刊论文

Estimation of reproduction numbers of COVID-19 in typical countries and epidemic trends under different

Chen Xu, Yinqiao Dong, Xiaoyue Yu, Huwen Wang, Lhakpa Tsamlag, Shuxian Zhang, Ruijie Chang, Zezhou Wang, Yuelin Yu, Rusi Long, Ying Wang, Gang Xu, Tian Shen, Suping Wang, Xinxin Zhang, Hui Wang, Yong Cai

期刊论文

2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: a quiz or final exam?

Jiuyang Xu, Yijun Chen, Hao Chen, Bin Cao

期刊论文

新冠病毒肺炎疫情防控应急工程管理的伦理反思

方东平, 李文琪, 张恒力, 刘合

期刊论文

Phase- and epidemic region-adjusted estimation of the number of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in China

Ruijie Chang, Huwen Wang, Shuxian Zhang, Zezhou Wang, Yinqiao Dong, Lhakpa Tsamlag, Xiaoyue Yu, Chen Xu, Yuelin Yu, Rusi Long, Ning-Ning Liu, Qiao Chu, Ying Wang, Gang Xu, Tian Shen, Suping Wang, Xiaobei Deng, Jinyan Huang, Xinxin Zhang, Hui Wang, Yong Cai

期刊论文

SARS传染病数学建模及预测预防控制机理研究

刘云忠,宣慧玉,林国玺

期刊论文

Linking key intervention timings to rapid declining effective reproduction number to quantify lessons against COVID-19

Zhihang Peng, Wenyu Song, Zhongxing Ding, Quanquan Guan, Xu Yang, Qiaoqiao Xu, Xu Wang, Yankai Xia

期刊论文

China’s local governments are combating COVID-19 with unprecedented responses – from a Wenzhou governance perspective

Fanghua Gong, Yong Xiong, Jian Xiao, Li Lin, Xiaodong Liu, Dezhong Wang, Xiaokun Li

期刊论文

应急状态下新冠流行曲线预测的方法学研究——基于北京市百度搜索和传统流感样病例监测

张婷, 杨柳飏, 韩萱, 范国辉, 钱捷, 胡选成, 赖圣杰, 李中杰, 刘志敏, 冯录召, 杨维中

期刊论文

“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系建设研究

蔡健平,王晶

期刊论文