资源类型

期刊论文 31

年份

2023 2

2022 4

2021 2

2020 5

2018 4

2016 2

2015 1

2014 1

2013 2

2012 1

2011 1

2010 2

2002 1

展开 ︾

关键词

ST34 1

β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂 1

中国谱系 1

临床型乳房炎 1

分子特征 1

单相鼠伤寒沙门菌 1

头孢他啶-阿维巴坦 1

抗生素耐药性 1

新孢子虫病,分子流行病学,群体遗传学,基因组学,宿主反应,疫苗 1

流行 1

流行病学 1

生物安全性,疾病控制,流行病学 1

碳青霉烯耐药性 1

种群结构 1

系统发育 1

耐药机制 1

肺炎克雷伯菌 1

血脂 1

预防 1

展开 ︾

检索范围:

排序: 展示方式:

Recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: the implication of molecular epidemiology

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0609-5

摘要:

Tuberculosis (TB) has remained an ongoing concern in China. The national scale-up of the Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) program has accelerated the fight against TB in China. Nevertheless, many challenges still remain, including the spread of drug-resistant strains, high disease burden in rural areas, and enormous rural-to-urban migrations. Whether incident active TB represents recent transmission or endogenous reactivation has helped to prioritize the strategies for TB control. Evidence from molecular epidemiology studies has delineated the recent transmission of ( ) strains in many settings. However, the transmission patterns of TB in most areas of China are still not clear. Studies carried out to date could not capture the real burden of recent transmission of the disease in China because of the retrospective study design, incomplete sampling, and use of low-resolution genotyping methods. We reviewed the implementations of molecular epidemiology of TB in China, the estimated disease burden due to recent transmission of strains, the primary transmission of drug-resistant TB, and the evaluation of a feasible genotyping method of strains in circulation.

关键词: tuberculosis     recent transmission     molecular epidemiology     China    

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 135-144 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0331-5

摘要:

Chronic hepatitis B is a major health problem in China. The universal vaccination program since 1992 has changed the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in China from highly to moderately endemic. The most prevalent hepatitis B virus strains in China are genotypes B and C, whereas those in western provinces are genotypes D and C/D hybrid. Chronic hepatitis B poses a heavy burden to the society in China. Different treatment strategies have been explored to improve patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner. However, antiviral drugs with a low genetic barrier to resistance are still extensively used because of the generally low income and limited resources in China. Individualized antiviral therapy is closely associated with translational medicine, which utilizes information from studies on genomics, immune biomarkers, and fibrosis. The results of these studies are crucial in further improving treatment outcomes.

关键词: chronic hepatitis B     epidemiology     prevention     treatment    

The epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in China: disease burden and distribution of genotypes

Honglu Zhou, Songmei Wang, Lorenz von Seidlein, Xuanyi Wang

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 1-7 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0733-5

摘要: With the improvements of sanitation and nationwide safe water supply the occurrence of bacterial diarrhea declined remarkably, while viruses became the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Of these viruses, noroviruses (NoVs) are responsible for a considerable burden of gastroenteritis, especially in children<2 years and elderly≥65 years. NoVs circulating in the Chinese population are antigenically highly diverse with the genotype GII.4 being the dominant strain followed by GII.3. Given the widespread contamination in environmental sources, and highly infectious nature of NoVs, vaccination would be the desirable strategy for the control of NoV infections. However, a better understanding of acquired immunity after infection, and a reliable immunological surrogate marker are urgently needed, since two vaccine candidates based on virus-like particles (VLPs) are currently moving into clinical evaluations in China.

关键词: molecular epidemiology     norovirus     disease burden     genotype     China    

Improving the prognosis of pancreatic cancer: insights from epidemiology, genomic alterations, and therapeutic

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1050-6

摘要: Pancreatic cancer, notorious for its late diagnosis and aggressive progression, poses a substantial challenge owing to scarce treatment alternatives. This review endeavors to furnish a holistic insight into pancreatic cancer, encompassing its epidemiology, genomic characterization, risk factors, diagnosis, therapeutic strategies, and treatment resistance mechanisms. We delve into identifying risk factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental exposures, and explore recent research advancements in precursor lesions and molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, we highlight the development and application of multi-omics approaches in pancreatic cancer research and discuss the latest combinations of pancreatic cancer biomarkers and their efficacy. We also dissect the primary mechanisms underlying treatment resistance in this malignancy, illustrating the latest therapeutic options and advancements in the field. Conclusively, we accentuate the urgent demand for more extensive research to enhance the prognosis for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词: pancreatic cancer     cancer screening     single cell     molecular alterations     precancerous lesion     therapy resistance    

Epidemiology of fungal infections in China

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 58-75 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0601-0

摘要:

With the increasing number of immunocompromised hosts, the epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections have undergone enormous changes worldwide, including in China. In this paper, we reviewed the existing data on mycosis across China to summarize available epidemiological profiles. We found that the general incidence of superficial fungal infections in China has been stable, but the incidence of tinea capitis has decreased and the transmission route has changed. By contrast, the overall incidence of invasive fungal infections has continued to rise. The occurrence of candidemia caused by species other than and including some uncommon species has increased recently in China. Infections caused by have also propagated in recent years, particularly with the emergence of azole-resistant . An increasing trend of cryptococcosis has been noted in China, with var. ST 5 genotype isolates as the predominant pathogen. Retrospective studies have suggested that the epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia in China may be similar to those in other developing countries. Endemic fungal infections, such as sporotrichosis in Northeastern China, must arouse research, diagnostic, and treatment vigilance. Currently, the epidemiological data on mycosis in China are variable and fragmentary. Thus, a nationwide epidemiological research on fungal infections in China is an important need for improving the country’s health.

关键词: fungi     infection     epidemiology     China    

Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of coronavirus disease 2019-associated stroke

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1041-7

摘要: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has triggered a huge impact on healthcare, socioeconomics, and other aspects of the world over the past three years. An increasing number of studies have identified a complex relationship between COVID-19 and stroke, although active measures are being implemented to prevent disease transmission. Severe COVID-19 may be associated with an increased risk of stroke and increase the rates of disability and mortality, posing a serious challenge to acute stroke diagnosis, treatment, and care. This review aims to provide an update on the influence of COVID-19 itself or vaccines on stroke, including arterial stroke (ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke) and venous stroke (cerebral venous thrombosis). Additionally, the neurovascular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical characteristics of stroke in the COVID-19 setting are presented. Evidence on vaccinations, potential therapeutic approaches, and effective strategies for stroke management has been highlighted.

关键词: SARS-CoV-2     ischemic stroke     stroke     hemorrhagic stroke     cerebral venous thrombosis     vaccination    

新孢子虫病——分子流行病学及发病机制综述 Review

Asis Khan, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Patricia Sikorski, Jitender P. Dubey, Michael E. Grigg

《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第1期   页码 10-19 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.010

摘要:

犬新孢子虫(Neospora caninum)是一种囊肿形成的原生动物寄生虫,它是世界范围内牛的流产和新生儿死亡的主要原因。犬新孢子虫具有广泛的中间宿主范围,其有性繁殖只在犬科动物中发生。另一种新孢子虫——休斯新孢子虫也已经被发现,它能导致马的脑髓炎。虽然分子流行病学研究尚处于起步阶段,但核糖体小亚单位RNA(small subunit ribosomal RNA, ssuRNA)和犬新孢子虫物种特异性DNA探针(pNc5)中的18S rRNA和ITS1区域已被广泛应用于区分新孢子虫和其他密切相关的顶复门寄生虫。虽然这些重复区域比管家或抗原基因具有更高的敏感性和特异性,但它们具有较低的区分能力,无法捕捉物种内部的多样性。同样,尽管多个小卫星或微卫星标记研究显示了新孢子虫体内清晰的地理亚结构,但由于不同等位基因的大小在微卫星位点上趋同(称为同形质),虫株往往被错误分类。只有一株名为N. caninum Liverpool(Nc-Liv)的虫株被进行基因组测序,并与其近亲弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)进行了比较。因此,需要基于全世界多个虫株的全基因组序列进行详细的群体基因组学研究,以便更好地了解新孢子虫目前的种群遗传结构,最终
确定能够更有效对抗牛新孢子虫病的疫苗候选者。本文的目的是概述我们目前对新孢子虫的分子流行病学和基因组学的理解,并将其与密切相关的顶复门寄生虫哈蒙球虫和弓形虫结合起来。

关键词: 新孢子虫病,分子流行病学,群体遗传学,基因组学,宿主反应,疫苗    

Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates from HIV-positive and HIV-negative

Min CHEN MM, Wei-Hua PAN MD, Wan-Qing LIAO MM, Xiao-Ran LI BS, Bi-Wei FENG BS, Zhe-Xue QUAN PhD, Shao-Xi WU MD, Xiao-Ping TANG MD, Zhi-Rong YAO MD,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 117-126 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0011-z

摘要: This study investigated the molecular types of the species complex isolates and their clinical manifestations among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative patients in southeast China in the past 15 years. The molecular types of 109 isolates from 108 patients were analyzed by the PCR fingerprinting method, sequences of internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS region), and sequences of the capsule-associated gene (). In HIV-positive patients, clinical isolates were grouped into molecular types VNI (75%, 15/20), VNII (15%, 3/20), and VNIII (10%, 2/20). In HIV-negative patients, the majority of the clinical isolates were grouped into molecular types VNI (72%, 64/89), VNII (13%, 12/89), VGI (12%, 11/89), VNIII (1%, 1/89), and VGII (1%, 1/89). In reference to the mating type of the isolates, 97% (106/109) were of the α, 2% (2/109) were of the α/- and 1% (1/109) were of theα/. As for the clinical manifestations of the molecular types among the patients, the average cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure of the patients infected by the was higher than that of the patients infected by the . These results suggest that both HIV-positive and HIV-negative cryptococcal patients in the southeast of China are mostly infected by the strains. No strains were found in HIV-positive patients.

关键词: Cryptococcus neoformans     Cryptococcus gattii     cryptococcosis     molecular epidemiology     molecular type     mating type    

Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1043-5

摘要: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported at the end of 2019 as a worldwide health concern causing a pandemic of unusual viral pneumonia and many other organ damages, which was defined by the World Health Organization as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic is considered a significant threat to global public health till now. In this review, we have summarized the lessons learnt during the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2, including its prototype and variants. The overall clinical features of variants of concern (VOC), heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations, radiology and pathology of COVID-19 patients are also discussed, along with advances in therapeutic agents.

关键词: coronavirus disease 2019     SARS-CoV-2     epidemiology     clinical features    

Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

《医学前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 315-320 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0146-6

摘要: Research and evidence are critical for the formulation of policies and practices in support of health care. In the past two decades, the Chinese Clinical Epidemiology Network has been promoting evidence-based policy making in China. Evidence-based policy has become a major part of the government’s approach to policy making. The current article addresses the translation of evidence into health policies based on the expansion of evidence-based medicine in China. It also discusses the opportunities and challenges for certain evidence to be considered in policy making and practice in the future.

关键词: clinical epidemiology     evidence-based decision making     policy    

Review of hand, foot and mouth disease

Lan-Juan LI MD,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 139-146 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0033-6

摘要: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an acute viral illness that primarily affects infants and young children, and often occurs in clusters or outbreaks. The major causative agents of HFMD are coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) and coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10), of the genus in the family Picornaviridae. HFMD caused by EV71 is associated with severe neurological complications and death. Since the late 1990s, several major epidemics of EV71 HFMD have swept through the Asia-Pacific region, associated with a rapid fulminant course, severe neurological complications, and a large number of fatalities. Until now, little has been known about the genetics and transmission trends of the fast-mutation virus, and there is no effective and specific antiviral therapy or vaccine for HFMD. It is time to step up efforts to understand the molecular epidemics and pathogenesis so that we can develop effective management strategies and surveillance programs.

关键词: hand     foot and mouth disease     epidemiology     pathogenesis     management     surveillance    

The epidemic status and risk factors of lung cancer in Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 388-394 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0233-3

摘要:

Xuanwei City (formerly known as Xuanwei County) locates in the northeastern of Yunnan Province and is rich in coal, iron, copper and other mines, especially the smoky (bituminous) coal. Unfortunately, the lung cancer morbidity and mortality rates in this region are among China’s highest, with a clear upward trend from the mid-1970s to mid-2000s. In 2004–2005, the crude death rate of lung cancer was 91.3 per 100 000 in the whole Xuanwei City, while that for Laibin Town in this city was 241.14 per 100 000. The epidemiologic distribution (clustering patterns by population, time, and space) of lung cancer in Xuanwei has some special features, e.g., high incidence in rural areas, high incidence in females, and an early age peak in lung cancer deaths. The main factor that associates with a high rate of lung cancer incidence was found to be indoor air pollution caused by the indoor burning of smoky coal. To a certain extent, genetic defects are also associated with the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei. Taken together, lung cancer in this smoky coal combustion region is a unique model for environmental factor-related human cancer, and the current studies indicate that abandoning the use of smoky coal is the key to diminish lung cancer morbidity and mortality.

关键词: lung cancer     Xuanwei     smoky coal combustion     polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons     epidemiology    

Prevalence of asthma symptoms in Golestan schoolchildren aged 6–7 and 13–14 years in Northeast Iran

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 345-350 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0462-y

摘要:

Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children, and its incidences are often imminent among elementary schoolchildren. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of asthma symptoms in Golestan schoolchildren aged 6–7 and 13–14 years in Northeast Iran. The prevalence rate was compared according to age group (aged 6–7 years vs. aged 13–14 years) and gender (male vs. female). In this cross-sectional study, 1706 Iranian schoolchildren aged 6–7 and 13–14 years in Golestan Province were enrolled. Participants completed questionnaires between February and July 2014. Asthma symptoms were assessed using the questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood protocol in Persian. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the asthma symptoms for each of the gender and age groups. The prevalence rates of “current asthma” symptoms and “asthma ever” in all the children were estimated as 9.5% and 7.5%, respectively. The prevalence of asthma (“asthma ever” and “wheezing in the past 12 months”) in junior high schoolchildren (aged 13–14 years) is higher than that in elementary schoolchildren (aged 6–7 years) (<0.05). The prevalence of the severity of wheezing in girls is lower than that in boys (OR= 1.7, 95%CI= 1.06–2.96, = 0.02). Asthma is still a major public health problem. This study shows that the prevalence of the asthma symptoms in boys is lower than that in girls in both age groups, and the severity of asthma in girls is higher than that in boys aged 13–14 years.

关键词: asthma     asthma symptoms     epidemiology     childhood     chronic disease    

Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents: risk factors and prevention

Eun Young Lee, Kun-Ho Yoon

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 658-666 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0640-1

摘要: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents (aged 2–18 years) has increased rapidly, with more than 100 million affected in 2015. Moreover, the epidemic of obesity in this population has been an important public health problem in developed and developing countries for the following reasons. Childhood and adolescent obesity tracks adulthood obesity and has been implicated in many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, childhood and adolescent obesity is linked to adulthood mortality and premature death. Although an imbalance between caloric intake and physical activity is a principal cause of childhood and adolescent obesity, environmental factors are exclusively important for development of obesity among children and adolescents. In addition to genetic and biological factors, socioenvironmental factors, including family, school, community, and national policies, can play a crucial role. The complexity of risk factors for developing obesity among children and adolescents leads to difficulty in treatment for this population. Many interventional trials for childhood and adolescent obesity have been proven ineffective. Therefore, early identification and prevention is the key to control the global epidemic of obesity. Given that the proportion of overweight children and adolescents is far greater than that of obesity, an effective prevention strategy is to focus on overweight youth, who are at high risk for developing obesity. Multifaceted, comprehensive strategies involving behavioral, psychological, and environmental risk factors must also be developed to prevent obesity among children and adolescents.

关键词: obesity     children     adolescents     epidemiology     risk factor     prevention    

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update

Min Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Jieming Qu

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 126-135 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0767-8

摘要: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. It caused a total of 80 868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. As disease progressed, a series of complications tend to develop, especially in critically ill patients. Pathological findings showed representative features of acute respiratory distress syndrome and involvement of multiple organs. Apart from supportive care, no specific treatment has been established for COVID-19. The efficacy of some promising antivirals, convalescent plasma transfusion, and tocilizumab needs to be investigated by ongoing clinical trials.

关键词: coronavirus disease 2019     epidemiology     pathology     radiology     clinical characteristics     treatment    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: the implication of molecular epidemiology

null

期刊论文

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

null

期刊论文

The epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in China: disease burden and distribution of genotypes

Honglu Zhou, Songmei Wang, Lorenz von Seidlein, Xuanyi Wang

期刊论文

Improving the prognosis of pancreatic cancer: insights from epidemiology, genomic alterations, and therapeutic

期刊论文

Epidemiology of fungal infections in China

null

期刊论文

Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of coronavirus disease 2019-associated stroke

期刊论文

新孢子虫病——分子流行病学及发病机制综述

Asis Khan, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Patricia Sikorski, Jitender P. Dubey, Michael E. Grigg

期刊论文

Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates from HIV-positive and HIV-negative

Min CHEN MM, Wei-Hua PAN MD, Wan-Qing LIAO MM, Xiao-Ran LI BS, Bi-Wei FENG BS, Zhe-Xue QUAN PhD, Shao-Xi WU MD, Xiao-Ping TANG MD, Zhi-Rong YAO MD,

期刊论文

Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China

期刊论文

Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

期刊论文

Review of hand, foot and mouth disease

Lan-Juan LI MD,

期刊论文

The epidemic status and risk factors of lung cancer in Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China

null

期刊论文

Prevalence of asthma symptoms in Golestan schoolchildren aged 6–7 and 13–14 years in Northeast Iran

null

期刊论文

Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents: risk factors and prevention

Eun Young Lee, Kun-Ho Yoon

期刊论文

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update

Min Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Jieming Qu

期刊论文