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定量风险评价 1

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IoT sensor-based BIM system for smart safety barriers of hazardous energy in petrochemical construction

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第1期页码 1-15 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0160-6

摘要： The accidental release of hazardous energy is one of the causes of construction site accidents. This risk is considerably increased during petrochemical plant construction because the project itself is complex in terms of process, equipment, and environment. In addition, a general construction safety barrier hardly isolates and controls site hazardous energy effectively. Thus, this study proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor-based building information modeling (BIM) system, which can be regarded as a new smart barrier design method for hazardous energy in petrochemical construction. In this system, BIM is used to support the identification of on-site hazardous energy, whereas IoT is used to collect the location of on-site personnel in real time. A hazardous energy isolation rule is defined to enable the system to generate a smart barrier on the web terminal window, thereby ensuring the safety of on-site person. This system has been applied to a large-scale construction project in Sinopec for one year and accumulated substantial practical data, which supported the idea about the application of sensor and BIM technology in construction. The related effects of the system on hazardous energy management are also presented in this work.

关键词： IoT BIM smart safety barrier hazardous energy management petrochemical construction

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agro-industrial fruit peel waste to fluorescent nanocarbon sensor: Ultrasensitive detection of potentially hazardous

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1461-z

摘要：

• Transformation of agro-industrial waste to value-added material via green chemistry.

关键词： Agro-industrial waste Orange peel Valorization Nanodiamond-like carbon Atropine sulphate Fluorescence sensing

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Pollution of hazardous substances in industrial construction and demolition wastes and their multi-path

Sheng Huang, Xin Zhao, Yanqiu Sun, Jianli Ma, Xiaofeng Gao, Tian Xie, Dongsheng Xu, Yi Yu, Youcai Zhao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0901-2

摘要： Pollution pattern of metals and organic pesticide in demolition waste is studied. Organophosphorus pesticide can be everlasting on surface of demolition waste. Leaching potential of pollutants from simulated and onsite waste varies spatially. Direct oral and dermal ingestion, leaching potential into water exceed the limit. Implications for demolition waste management in industrial plants are proposed. Exploration of heavy metals and organic pollutants, their leaching capacity along with health and environmental risks in contaminated industrial construction and demolition waste (ICDW) within a pesticide manufacturing plant were investigated. A maximum content of 90.8 mg·kg Cd was found present in the wastes, which might originate from phosphorus rocks and industrial sulfuric acid used in pesticide production processes. An average concentration of 979.8 mg·kg dichlorovos and other 11 organophosphorus pesticide were also detected. Relatively high leaching rates of around 4.14‰ were obtained from laboratory simulated ICDW using both glacial acetic acid- sodium hydroxide and deionized water. Pesticide pollutants had the strongest tendency to retaining on dry bricks (leaching rate 1.68‰) compared to mortar-coatings, etc. due to their different physical characteristics and octanol-water partioning coefficient. Mobility of pesticide from on-site ICDW by water was spatially correlated to waste types, process sections and human activities, with a flux of leaching rate between 5.9‰ to 27.4%. Risk-based corrective action (RBCA) model was used to simulate the risk of contaminated ICDW debris randomly scattered. Oral and dermal ingestion amount by local workers was 9.8 × 10 and 1.9 × 10 mg·(kg·d) , respectively. Potential leaching risk to aquatic systems exceeded the limit for nearly 75% waste. Environmental and health risk exceedance was found in most ICDW, while the risk value of the most severely contaminated brick waste was 660 times beyond critical level. Implications for waste management involving construction and deconstruction work, waste transferring and regulation supplying were also provided.

关键词： Industrial demolition wastes Heavy metals Pesticides Leaching characteristics Risk assessment Waste management

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E-waste environmental contamination and harm to public health in China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 220-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0391-1

摘要：

The adverse effects of electronic waste (e-waste) on the human body have stirred up concern in recent years. China is one of the countries that confront serious pollution and human exposure of e-waste, and the majority of the population is exposed to potentially hazardous substances that are derived from informal e-waste recycling processes. This study reviews recent reports on human exposure to e-waste in China, with particular focus on exposure routes (e.g., inhalation and ingestion) and several toxicities of human (e.g., endocrine system, respiratory system, reproductive system, developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and genetic toxicity). Pieces of evidence that associate e-waste exposure with human health effects in China are assessed. The role of toxic heavy metals (e.g., lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and nickel) and organic pollutants (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs), bisphenol A (BPA)) on human health is also briefly discussed.

关键词： e-waste heavy metal organic pollutant hazardous toxicity human health China

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Thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis study on thermal treatment of monopotassium phosphate residue

Yuheng FENG, Xuguang JIANG, Yong CHI, Xiaodong LI, Hongmei ZHU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 186-192 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0322-6

摘要： In China, safe disposal of hazardous waste is more and more a necessity, urged by rapid economic development. The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of a residue from producing monopotassium phosphate (monopotassium phosphate residue), considered as a hazardous waste, were studied using a thermogravimetric, coupled with Fourier transform infrared analyzer (TG-FTIR). Both pyrolysis and combustion runs can be subdivided into three stages: drying, thermal decomposition, and final devolatilization. The average weight loss rate during fast thermal decomposition stage in pyrolysis is higher than combustion. Acetic acid, methane, pentane, (acetyl) cyclopropane, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, CO, and CO were distinguished in the pyrolysis process, while CO was the dominant combustion product.

关键词： hazardous waste combustion pyrolysis thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR) monopotassium phosphate residue

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用微地震监测结果预报水库、矿山有害地震

刘建中,刘国华

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 45-48

摘要：

论述了微地震监测结果在水库、矿山有害地震预报中的应用。笔者认为，把监测域扩大至微地震范围，可以扩大数据量，增大预报可靠性。实际微地震监测结果支持预报扩大，在技术发展的基础上，用以震报震理论，可以在水库、矿山有害地震预报上取得突破。

关键词：水库矿山地震灾害震源深度

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危险品运输选线的定量风险评价模型

任常兴,吴宗之,刘茂

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第8期页码 72-76

摘要：

定量化风险评价是危险品道路运输选线的重要决策依据，但在如何定量其风险方面往往存在分歧。系统地总结了常见的危险品运输定量风险评价模型，将其划分为传统风险评价模型及其特例、感知风险模型、条件风险模型、侧重后果的避灾风险模型以及改进后的传统风险模型5类，分析了风险评价模型的性质和原则，对将来的研究发展提出了建议。

关键词：危险品选线定量风险评价道路运输