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A comprehensive analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the Bactrian camel (

Zuoxiang LIANG,Tao WANG,Yi SUN,Wenlong YANG,Zhihong LIU,Jing FEI,Ying GUO,Qingwei MA,Qingjie PAN,Liming REN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 249-259 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015056

摘要: Heavy chain only antibodies (HCAbs) represent a rare type of antibody that is devoid of light chains and the CH1 domain that have been reported in cartilaginous fish and camelids. By analyzing transcript data and genome sequences, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of Bactrian camel immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Based on the transcript data, one gene, five genes, one gene and one gene were found. Additionally, the variable region of HCAbs (VHH) and the conventional antibodies (VH) sequences associated with the , and genes were amplified. Based on these genome sequences, seven , six , , , , , and genes and a portion of a gene were observed. Different Kozak sequences within different VH families were found in our analysis, and the variability index differed between the VHH3 and VH3 families. Phylogenetic analysis of the constant regions of the camelid immunoglobulin genes indicates that these genes appeared before the evolutionary divergence of Bactrian camels and dromedaries.

关键词: Bactrian camel     heavy-chain antibodies     VHH     γ3    

of hemorrhagic diathesis in hemophilia A mice by an AAV-delivered hybrid FVIII composed of the human heavychain and the rat light chain

《医学前沿(英文)》   页码 584-595 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0844-7

摘要: Conventional therapies for hemophilia A (HA) are prophylactic or on-demand intravenous FVIII infusions. However, they are expensive and inconvenient to perform. Thus, better strategies for HA treatment must be developed. In this study, a recombinant FVIII cDNA encoding a human/rat hybrid FVIII with an enhanced procoagulant potential for adeno-associated virus (AAV)-delivered gene therapy was developed. Plasmids containing human FVIII heavy chain (hHC), human light chain (hLC), and rat light chain (rLC) were transfected into cells and hydrodynamically injected into HA mice. Purified AAV viruses were intravenously injected into HA mice at two doses. Results showed that the hHC+ rLC protein had a higher activity than the hHC+ hLC protein at comparable expression levels. The specific activity of hHC+ rLC was about 4- to 8-fold higher than that of their counterparts. Hydrodynamic injection experiments obtained consistent results. Notably, the HA mice undergoing the AAV-delivered hHC+ rLC treatment exhibited a visibly higher activity than those treated with hHC+ hLC, and the therapeutic effects lasted for up to 40 weeks. In conclusion, the application of the hybrid FVIII (hHC+ rLC) via an AAV-delivered gene therapy substantially improved the hemorrhagic diathesis of the HA mice. These data might be of help to the development of optimized FVIII expression cassette for HA gene therapy.

关键词: hemophilia A     adeno-associated virus (AAV)     human/rat hybrid factor VIII     gene therapy     dual chain strategy    

of conventional mature B cells and compromised specific antibody response in bovine immunoglobulin μ heavy-chain

Min ZHANG,Xueqian CHENG,Dan CHU,Jingwen LIANG,Yi SUN,Li MA,Beilei XU,Min ZHENG,Meili WANG,Liming REN,Xiaoxiang HU,Qingyong MENG,Ran ZHANG,Ying GUO,Yunping DAI,Robert AITKEN,Ning LI,Yaofeng ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 158-173 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014015

摘要: In this study, we introduced the bovine immunoglobulin μ heavy-chain gene (the orphaned gene on BTA11) into mouse germline cells. Bovine IgM was highly expressed in selected transgenic lines, and it largely inhibited rearrangements of the endogenous immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) genes in these lines. The forced expression of bovine IgM resulted in reduced numbers of pro- and pre-B cells but increased the number of immature B cells in the transgenic mice. Bovine IgM-expressing B cells can migrate from the bone marrow to the spleen, but most of the cells are arrested at the T1 transitional B cell stage, leading to a significantly lower number of T2 transitional and mature B cells in the spleen. Although the serum concentrations of endogenous IgM and IgG in the transgenic mice were significantly decreased, the IgA levels were slightly increased compared to the WT mice. The bovine IgM level in the serum was only one-tenth to one-fifth of that of endogenous mouse IgM, suggesting that most of the serum immunoglobulin were contributed by endogenous IgH gene-expressing B cells. These transgenic mice also exhibited a lower frequency of unique complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences in their VH repertoire and Vκ repertoire but exhibited an increased frequency of unique CDR3 in their Vλ repertoire. Compared to the WT mice, the transgenic mice had a significantly higher percentage of mouse IgM-expressing B cells that expressed λ chains. Finally, we showed that the transgenic mice were deficient in a specific antibody response to antigen stimulation.

关键词: bovine Ig μ heavy-chain     transgenic mice     B cell development     allelic exclusion     immune response     Ig repertoire    

Development of the expressed immunoglobulin μ chain repertoire during maturation of mice B cells

Jingwen LIANG,Yingfeng LUO,Yi SUN,Meng LEI,Bing ZHANG,Songnian HU,Yaofeng ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第3期   页码 201-213 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014017

摘要: In the bone marrow and spleen, the developing B cell populations undergo both negative and positive selections to shape their B cell receptor repertoire. To gain insight into the shift of the immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) chain repertoire during B cell development, we undertook large scale Ig μ chain repertoire analysis of pre-B, immature B and spleen B cell populations. We found that the majority of V gene segments, V families, J and D gene segments, were observed to have significantly different usage frequencies when three B cell populations were compared, but the usage profile of the V D, and J genes between different B cell populations showed high correlations. In both productive and nonproductive rearrangements, the length of CDRH3 shortened significantly on average when B cells entered the periphery. However, the CDRH3 length distribution of nonproductive rearrangements did not follow a Gaussian distribution, but decreased successively in the order 3 -2, 3 -1 and 3 , suggesting a direct correlation between mRNA stability and CDRH3 length patterns of nonproductive rearrangements. Further analysis of the individual components comprising CDRH3 of productive rearrangements indicated that the decrease in CDRH3 length was largely due to the reduction of N addition at the 5′ and 3′ junctions. Moreover, with development, the amino acid content of CDRH3 progressed toward fewer positively charged and nonpolar residues but more polar residues. All these data indicated that the expressed Ig μ chain repertoire, especially the repertoire of CDRH3, was fine-tuned when B cells passed through several checkpoints of selection during the process of maturation.

关键词: repertoire     complementarity determining region 3 of the IgH chain (CDRH3)     immunoglobulin     heavy chain     variable region    

Co-pyrolysis of sludge and kaolin/zeolite in a rotary kiln: Analysis of stabilizing heavy metals

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1488-1

摘要:

• Adding kaolin/zeolite promotes the formation of stable heavy metals.

关键词: Co-pyrolysis     Sewage sludge     Heavy metals     Rotary kiln     Immobilization mechanism    

Pricing and production strategies in remanufacturing from the perspectives of supply chain: Review and

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0251-7

摘要: Remanufacturing is widely recognized as beneficial to the environment and a circular economy. However, remanufacturing is more complex than traditional manufacturing due to the effects of government policy, uncertainty of consumer preferences, competition and cooperation among firms, and so on. These factors motivate academics to optimize remanufacturing outcomes, especially for product pricing and production. This study reviews the published literature on pricing and production strategies in remanufacturing from four perspectives of supply chain, namely, government policy, consumer characteristics, relationships among firms, and supply chain structures. Review results can benefit scholars/practitioners in the future by highlighting the challenges and opportunities in remanufacturing strategies.

关键词: remanufacturing     reverse and closed-loop supply chain     circular economy    

Digitalization for supply chain resilience and robustness: The roles of collaboration and formal contracts

《工程管理前沿(英文)》   页码 5-19 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0229-x

摘要: Black swan events such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak cause substantial supply chain disruption risks to modern companies. In today’s turbulent and complex business environment, supply chain resilience and robustness as two critical capabilities for firms to cope with disruptions have won substantial attention from both the academia and industry. Accordingly, this study intends to explore how digitalization helps build supply chain resilience and robustness. Adopting organizational information processing theory, it proposes the mediating effect of supply chain collaboration and the moderating effect of formal contracts. Using survey data of Chinese manufacturing firms, the study applied structural equation modelling to test the research model. Results show that digitalization has a direct effect on supply chain resilience, and supply chain collaboration can directly facilitate both resilience and robustness. Our study also indicates a complementary mediating effect of supply chain collaboration on the relationship between digitalization and supply chain resilience and an indirect-only mediation effect on the relationship between digitalization and supply chain robustness. Findings reveal the differential roles of digitalization as a technical factor and supply chain collaboration as an organizational factor in managing supply chain disruptions. Paradoxically, formal contracts enhance the relationship between digitalization and supply chain resilience but weaken the relationship between supply chain collaboration and supply chain resilience. The validation of moderating effects determines the boundary conditions of digitalization and supply chain collaboration and provides insights into governing supply chain partners’ behavior. Overall, this study enhances the understanding on how to build a resilient and robust supply chain.

关键词: digitalization     supply chain     resilience     robustness     collaboration     formal contract    

Modeling of the resilient supply chain system from a perspective of production design changes

《工程管理前沿(英文)》   页码 96-106 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0235-z

摘要: Building an effective resilient supply chain system (RSCS) is critical and necessary to reduce the risk of supply chain disruptions in unexpected scenarios such as COVID-19 pandemic and trade wars. To overcome the impact of insufficient raw material supply on the supply chain in mass disruption scenarios, this study proposes a novel RSCS considering product design changes (PDC). An RSCS domain model is first developed from the perspective of PDC based on a general conceptual framework, i.e., function-context-behavior-principle-state-structure (FCBPSS), which can portray complex systems under unpredictable situations. Specifically, the interaction among the structure, state and behavior of the infrastructure system and substance system is captured, and then a quantitative analysis of the change impact process is presented to evaluate the resilience of both the product and supply chain. Next, a case study is conducted to demonstrate the PDC strategy and to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the RSCS domain model. The results show that the restructured RSCS based on the proposed strategy and model can remedy the huge losses caused by the unavailability of raw materials.

关键词: resilient supply chain     supply chain disruption     domain modeling     product design changes    

Strategies to manage the risk of heavy metal(loid) contamination in agricultural soils

Fang-Jie ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第3期   页码 333-338 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020335

摘要:

Soil contamination with heavy metal(loid)s threatens soil ecological functions, water quality and food safety; the latter is the focus of this review. Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are the toxic elements of most concern for food safety because they are relatively easily taken up by food crops. Rice is a major contributor of both Cd and As intakes to the Chinese population. Contamination and soil acidification are the main causes of high Cd levels in rice grains produced in some areas of southern China. The risk of Cd and As accumulation in food crops can be mitigated through agronomic practices and crop breeding. Liming is effective and economical at reducing Cd uptake by rice in acid soils. Paddy water management can produce opposite effects on Cd and As accumulation. Many genes controlling Cd and As uptake and translocation have been characterized, paving the way to breeding low accumulating crop cultivars through marker-assisted molecular breeding or genetic engineering. It is important to protect agricultural soils from future contamination. Long-term monitoring of anthropogenic additions and accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in agricultural soils should be undertaken. Mass-balance models should be constructed to evaluate future trends of metal(loid)s in agricultural soils at a regional scale.

关键词: arsenic     cadmium     food safety     heavy metals     soil contamination    

Predicting non-carcinogenic hazard quotients of heavy metals in pepper (

Marzieh Mokarram, Hamid Reza Pourghasemi, Huichun Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1331-0

摘要: Abstract • There was significant absorption of heavy metals by the pepper in contaminated soils. • The target hazard quotient (THQ) indices followed the order of Pb>Zn>>Cd » Ni. • Relationships exist between contaminated plants and electromagnetic wave. • PCA and random search can select the main spectra and predict THQ for each element. Given the tendency of heavy metals to accumulate in soil and plants, the purpose of this study was to determine the contamination levels of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn on peppers (leaves and fruit) grown in contaminated soils in industrial centers. For this purpose, we measured the uptake of the four heavy metals by peppers grown in the heavy metal contaminated soils throughout the four growth stages: two-leaf, growth, flowering, and fruiting, and calculated various vegetation indices to evaluate the heavy metal contamination potentials. Electromagnetic waves were also applied for analyzing the responses of the target plants to various heavy metals. Based on the relevant spectral bands identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and random search methods, a regression method was then employed to determine the most optimal spectral bands for estimating the target hazard quotient (THQ). The THQ was found to be the highest in the plants contaminated by Pb (THQ= 62) and Zn (THQ= 5.07). The results of PCA and random search indicated that the spectra at the bands of b570, b650, and b760 for Pb, b400 and b1030 for Ni, b400 and b880 for Cd, and b560, b910, and b1050 for Zn were the most optimal spectra for assessing THQ. Therefore, in future studies, instead of examining the amount of heavy metals in plants by chemical analysis in the laboratory, the responses of the plants to the electromagnetic waves in the identified bands can be readily investigated in the field based on the established correlations.

关键词: Heavy metals     Plants     Target Hazard Quotient (THQ)     Principal Component Analysis (PCA)     Random search     Electromagnetic wave    

Diversity and vertical distributions of sediment bacteria in an urban river contaminated by nutrients and heavy

Xunan YANG, Shan HUANG, Qunhe WU, Renduo ZHANG, Guangli LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第6期   页码 851-859 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0569-1

摘要: The aim of this study was to investigate the benthic bacterial communities in different depths of an urban river sediment accumulated with high concentrations of nutrients and metals. Vertical distributions of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and chemical parameters (nutrients: , , dissolved organic carbon, and acid volatile sulfur; metals: Fe, Zn, and Cu) were characterized in 30 cm sediment cores. The bacterial OTUs were measured using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Biodiversity indexes and multivariate statistical analyses were used to characterize the spatial distributions of microbial diversity in response to the environmental parameters. Results showed that concentrations of the nutrients and metals in this river sediment were higher than those in similar studies. Furthermore, high microbial richness and diversity appeared in the sediment. The diversity did not vary obviously in the whole sediment profile. The change of the diversity indexes and the affiliations of the OTUs showed that the top layer had different bacterial community structure from deeper layers due to the hydrological disturbance and redox change in the surface sediment. The dominant bacterial OTUs ubiquitously existed in the deeper sediment layers (5–27 cm) corresponding to the distributions of the nutrients and metals. With much higher diversity than the dominant OTUs, the minor bacterial assemblages varied with depths, which might be affected by the sedimentation process and the environmental competition pressure.

关键词: heavy metals     nutrients     sediment profile     terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism    

Internet of Things (IoT)–blockchain-enabled pharmaceutical supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic

《工程管理前沿(英文)》   页码 82-95 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0233-1

摘要: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the current operating environment of pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) has rapidly changed and faced increasing risks of disruption. The Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain not only help enhance the efficiency of PSC operations in the information technology domain but also address complex related issues and improve the visibility, flexibility, and transparency of these operations. Although IoT and blockchain have been widely examined in the areas of supply chain and logistics management, further work on PSC is expected by the public to enhance its resilience. To respond to this call, this paper combines a literature review with semi-structured interviews to investigate the characteristics of PSC, the key aspects affecting PSC, and the challenges faced by PSC in the post-pandemic era. An IoT–blockchain-integrated hospital-side oriented PSC management model is also developed. This paper highlights how IoT and blockchain technology can enhance supply chain resilience and provides a reference on how PSC members can cope with the associated risks.

关键词: pharmaceutical supply chain     Internet of Things     blockchain     resilience     post-pandemic era    

Recent progress in electrospun nanofibers and their applications in heavy metal wastewater treatment

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 249-275 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2245-0

摘要: Novel adsorbents with a simple preparation process and large capacity for removing highly toxic and nondegradable heavy metals from water have drawn the attention of researchers. Electrospun nanofiber membranes usually have the advantages of large specific surface areas and high porosity and allowing flexible control and easy functionalization. These membranes show remarkable application potential in the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment. In this paper, the electrospinning technologies, process types, and the structures and types of nanofibers that can be prepared are reviewed, and the relationships among process, structure and properties are discussed. On one hand, based on the different components of electrospun nanofibers, the use of organic, inorganic and organic−inorganic nanofiber membrane adsorbents in heavy metal wastewater treatment are introduced, and their advantages and future development are summarized and prospected. On the other hand, based on the microstructure and overall structure of the nanofiber membrane, the recent progresses of electrospun functional membranes for heavy metal removal are reviewed, and the advantages of different structures for applications are concluded. Overall, this study lays the foundation for future research aiming to provide more novel structured adsorbents.

关键词: electrospinning     heavy metal     adsorption     nanostructure     wastewater    

Joint effects of Penta-BDE and heavy metals on

Baohua TANG, Lingyan ZHU, Qixing ZHOU

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 99-110 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0260-8

摘要: The joint toxicity of Penta-BDE (Pe-BDE) and heavy metals including cadmium and copper on ( ) was evaluated on the basis of determining the 48 h survival, antioxidative enzyme responses, and lipid peroxidation. The response was classified as additive, greater than additive, or less than additive by comparing the measured “toxic units, TU” with one. Based on the survival of , less-than-additive interactions were found in most of mixtures treatments. This may be attributed to the different toxicity mechanism between Pe-BDE and metals. Cu and Cd played a greater role in toxicity than what Pe-BDE did. As for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, most response was less than additive. For the glutathione -transferases (GST) activity, most of the greater-than-additive responses were found in the Cu plus Pe-BDE treatments, but the additive responses occurred in Cd plus Pe-BDE treatments and binary metal treatments. For lipid peroxide levels, which were measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, less-than-additive response occurred in the 50% Cd plus 50% Cu and ternary mixture treatments. Results suggested that Pe-BDE, Cd, and Cu could induce different patterns of antioxidant enzyme responses, such as antioxidant/prooxidant responses, depending on their capability to produce reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes to detoxify them.

关键词: polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)     heavy metal     mixture toxicity     toxic units (TUs)     antioxidant enzyme     lipid peroxidation    

Advancing food supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic era

《工程管理前沿(英文)》   页码 107-120 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0232-2

摘要: In the post-pandemic era, food supply chains and firms therein are facing unprecedented severe challenges, because once infection is detected, numerous products must be recalled or abandoned, and both suppliers and retailers in the supply chain suffer enormous loss. To survive under the pandemic, retailers have adopted different sourcing strategies, such as contingent sourcing, which, in turn, affect the upstream suppliers and hence the resilience of the whole supply chain. With the rapid development of digital technologies, retailers nowadays can utilize blockchain as a reliable and efficient way to reduce product risk and hence advance the resilience of food supply chains by improving product traceability and inspection accuracy, and making sourcing transparent. In this paper, we develop a game-theoretic model to investigate the interrelation between the retailer’s decisions on blockchain adoption and sourcing strategies. We consider that a retailer originally orders from a risky supplier while conducting an imperfect inspection to detect infected products before selling. The retailer may speculatively keep on ordering from the risky supplier or adopt contingent sourcing by ordering from an alternative safe supplier. The retailer also has an option to implement blockchain to improve the inspection accuracy and product traceability. We derive the optimal retail prices under different sourcing strategies with and without blockchain adoption and then analyze the incentives for sourcing strategy and blockchain adoption. Then, we identify the conditions of an all-win situation for food retailer, supplier, supply chain resilience, and consumers with/without government subsidy. Finally, we extend to consider the situation that some consumers have health-safety concerns and preferences for blockchain adoption.

关键词: food supply chain     blockchain     contingent sourcing     supply chain resilience    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A comprehensive analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the Bactrian camel (

Zuoxiang LIANG,Tao WANG,Yi SUN,Wenlong YANG,Zhihong LIU,Jing FEI,Ying GUO,Qingwei MA,Qingjie PAN,Liming REN

期刊论文

of hemorrhagic diathesis in hemophilia A mice by an AAV-delivered hybrid FVIII composed of the human heavychain and the rat light chain

期刊论文

of conventional mature B cells and compromised specific antibody response in bovine immunoglobulin μ heavy-chain

Min ZHANG,Xueqian CHENG,Dan CHU,Jingwen LIANG,Yi SUN,Li MA,Beilei XU,Min ZHENG,Meili WANG,Liming REN,Xiaoxiang HU,Qingyong MENG,Ran ZHANG,Ying GUO,Yunping DAI,Robert AITKEN,Ning LI,Yaofeng ZHAO

期刊论文

Development of the expressed immunoglobulin μ chain repertoire during maturation of mice B cells

Jingwen LIANG,Yingfeng LUO,Yi SUN,Meng LEI,Bing ZHANG,Songnian HU,Yaofeng ZHAO

期刊论文

Co-pyrolysis of sludge and kaolin/zeolite in a rotary kiln: Analysis of stabilizing heavy metals

期刊论文

Pricing and production strategies in remanufacturing from the perspectives of supply chain: Review and

期刊论文

Digitalization for supply chain resilience and robustness: The roles of collaboration and formal contracts

期刊论文

Modeling of the resilient supply chain system from a perspective of production design changes

期刊论文

Strategies to manage the risk of heavy metal(loid) contamination in agricultural soils

Fang-Jie ZHAO

期刊论文

Predicting non-carcinogenic hazard quotients of heavy metals in pepper (

Marzieh Mokarram, Hamid Reza Pourghasemi, Huichun Zhang

期刊论文

Diversity and vertical distributions of sediment bacteria in an urban river contaminated by nutrients and heavy

Xunan YANG, Shan HUANG, Qunhe WU, Renduo ZHANG, Guangli LIU

期刊论文

Internet of Things (IoT)–blockchain-enabled pharmaceutical supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic

期刊论文

Recent progress in electrospun nanofibers and their applications in heavy metal wastewater treatment

期刊论文

Joint effects of Penta-BDE and heavy metals on

Baohua TANG, Lingyan ZHU, Qixing ZHOU

期刊论文

Advancing food supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic era

期刊论文