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Laboratory and field evaluation of asphalt pavement surface friction resistance

Zhong WU, Chris ABADIE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 372-381 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0463-1

摘要：

Pavement surface friction is a significant factor for driving safety and plays a critical role in reducing wet-pavement crashes. However, the current asphalt mixture design procedure does not directly consider friction as a requirement. The objective of this study was to develop a surface friction prediction model that can be used during a wearing course mixture design. To achieve the objective, an experimental study was conducted on the frictional characteristics of typical wearing course mixtures in Louisiana. Twelve wearing course mixtures including dense-graded and open-graded mixes with different combinations of aggregate sources were evaluated in laboratory using an accelerated polishing and testing procedure considering both micro- and macro texture properties. In addition, the surface frictional properties of asphalt mixtures were measured on twenty-two selected asphalt pavement sections using different in situ devices including Dynamic Friction Tester (DFT), Circular Texture Meter (CTM), and Lock-Wheel Skid Trailer (LWST). The results have led to develop a procedure for predicting pavement end-of-life skid resistance based on the aggregate blend polish stone value, gradation parameters, and traffic, which is suited in checking whether the selected aggregates in a wearing course mix design would meet field friction requirements under a certain design traffic polishing.

关键词： friction skid resistance polishing PSV LWST micro-texture macro-texture

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Study on micro-texture and skid resistance of aggregate during polishing

Zhenyu QIAN, Lingjian MENG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 346-352 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0409-7

摘要： The skid resistance performance of pavement is closely related to the micro-texture of pavement aggregate, while there is very few research on the relationship between micro-texture and the skid resistance. In this paper, the optical microscope is used to acquire the surface morphology of three types of aggregates including basalt, limestone and red sandstone respectively, where a total of 12 indicators are developed based on the surface texture information. The polishing effect on aggregate is simulated by Wehner/Schulze (W/S) device, during the polishing procedure, the skid resistance are measured by British Pendulum Tester (BPT). Based on the results of independent T-test and the polishing resistance analysis, it shows that the surface texture of basalt is significantly different between limestone and red sandstone. Three indicators including the average roughness ( ), the kurtosis of the surface ( ) and the mean summit curvature ( ) are selected to describe the characteristics of aggregate micro-texture based on the correlation analysis. The contribution of micro-texture to the skid resistance can be described with the secondary polynomial regression model by these indicators.

关键词： skid resistance of pavement micro-texture aggregates polishing test

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Multi-objective optimization of surface texture for the slipperswash plate interface in EHA pumps

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0704-4

摘要： Well-designed surface textures can improve the tribological properties and the efficiency of the electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) pump under high-speed and high-pressure conditions. This study proposes a multi-objective optimization model to obtain the arbitrarily surface textures design of the slipper/swash plate interface for improving the mechanical and volumetric efficiency of the EHA pump. The model is composed of the lubrication film model, the component dynamic model considering the spinning motion, and the multi-objective optimization model. In this way, the arbitrary-shaped surface texture with the best comprehensive effect in the EHA pump is achieved and its positive effects in the EHA pump prototype are verified. Experimental results show a reduction in wear and an improvement in mechanical and volumetric efficiency by 1.4% and 0.8%, respectively, with the textured swash plate compared with the untextured one.

关键词： electro-hydrostatic actuator axial piston pump slipper/swash plate interface multi-objective optimization surface texture

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Multi-resolution texture synthesis from turntable image sequences

Xuedong WANG, Xiaojun WU, Xiaorong ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第1期页码 72-80 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0305-8

摘要：

Texture synthesis and texture mapping are important technologies for rendering realistic three-dimensional scene. It has been widely used in virtual reality, urban modeling, 3D animation, gaming and other areas. In this paper, we propose a fast method to construct high quality texture map for multi-resolution texture synthesis from turntable image sequences. Given a 3D mesh model, we first get the projection relationship between 3D mesh and image sequences. We then use image sequences to construct a texture triangle for each 3D triangle mesh and get a global rectangular texture map for the whole mesh. Another approach to construct a texture map is using Stretch-minimizing mesh parameterization. Finally, we map the texture to mesh model to verify the quality of these two methods. The high performance of this method has been demonstrated in many real object models.

关键词： texture synthesis multi-resolution texture map texture mapping

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Progressive failure analysis of notched composite plate by utilizing macro mechanics approach

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 623-642 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0726-8

摘要： In this study, gradual and sudden reduction methods were combined to simulate a progressive failure in notched composite plates using a macro mechanics approach. Using the presented method, a progressive failure is simulated based on a linear softening law prior to a catastrophic failure, and thereafter, sudden reduction methods are employed for modeling a progressive failure. This combination method significantly reduces the computational cost and is also capable of simultaneously predicting the first and last ply failures (LPFs) in composite plates. The proposed method is intended to predict the first ply failure (FPF), LPF, and dominant failure modes of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy notched composite plates. In addition, the effects of mechanical properties and different stacking sequences on the propagation of damage in notched composite plates were studied. The results of the presented method were compared with experimental data previously reported in the literature. By comparing the numerical and experimental data, it is revealed that the proposed method can accurately simulate the failure propagation in notched composite plates at a low computational cost.

关键词： progressive failure notched composite plate Hashin failure criterion macro mechanics approach finite element method

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Chloride ingress and macro-cell corrosion of steel in concrete made with recycled brick aggregate

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1358-1371 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0769-x

摘要： An investigation on chloride ingress and macro-cell corrosion of steel bars in concrete made with recycled brick aggregate (RBA) was carried out. As control cases, virgin brick aggregate (BA) and stone aggregate (SA) were also investigated. Both cylindrical and cracked prism specimens were studied for 16 different cases. The prism specimens were made with a segmented steel bar providing electrical connection from outside of the specimens to measure macro-cell corrosion current continuously under seawater splash exposure for a period of 30 d using a data logger. Cylindrical specimens were submerged in 3% NaCl solution at a temperature of 40°C to investigate chloride ingress in concrete made with RBA, BA, and SA after 120 and 180 d. Half-cell potential, corrosion area, and depths of corrosion were also investigated. The chloride ingress as well as corrosion of steel bars in concrete made with the different types of aggregate is ordered as RBA > BA > SA.

关键词： brick aggregate chloride ingress macro-cell corrosion recycled brick aggregate

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Effect of steady shear on multi-axial texture of symmetric diblock copolymers

XU Hui, LIU Honglai, HU Ying

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 26-34 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0006-8

摘要： The effect of steady shear on multi-axial texture of symmetric diblock copolymer was investigated by using dynamic density functional theory. Through modifying the periodic boundary condition, the parallel-transverse biaxial texture and perpendicular-parallel-transverse triaxial texture have been observed. In the formation of the multi-axial texture, there are two critical velocities μ and µ, at which the transition between the perpendicular and the parallel lamellar morphology, and the transition between the parallel and the transverse lamellar morphology occur, respectively. The two critical velocities increase as the interaction parameter increases, but they almost remain constant at different shear rates. Furthermore, the rotation from the transverse lamellae to the parallel lamellae induced by the shear strain, and the increase of lamellar spacings of the three lamellae after removing the shear, have also been observed by the time evolution of the morphologies. These phenomena are consistent with experimental work.

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The effect of texture and irrigation on the soil moisture vertical-temporal variability in an urban artificial

Xiaofeng ZHANG,Xu ZHANG,Guanghe LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 269-278 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0672-y

摘要： Soil moisture variability in natural landscapes has been widely studied; however, less attention has been paid to its variability in the urban landscapes with respect to the possible influence of texture stratification and irrigation management. Therefore, a case study was carried out in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park to continuously monitor the soil in three typical profiles from 26 April to 11 November 2010. The texture stratification significantly affected the vertical distribution of moisture in the non-irrigated profile where moisture was mostly below field capacity. In the profile where irrigation was sufficient to maintain moisture above field capacity, gravity flow led to increased moisture with depth and thus eliminated the influence of texture. In the non-irrigated sites, the upper layer (above 80 cm) exhibited long-term moisture persistence with the time scale approximating the average rainfall interval. However, a coarse-textured layer weakened the influence of rainfall, and a fine-textured layer weakened the influence of evapotranspiration, both of which resulted in random noise-like moisture series in the deeper layers. At the irrigated site, frequent irrigation neutralized the influence of evapotranspiration in the upper layer (above 60 cm) and overshadowed the influence of rainfall in the deeper layer. As a result, the moisture level in the upper layer also behaved as a random noise-like series; whereas due to deep transpiration, the moisture of the deep layer had a persistence time-scale longer than a month, consistent with characteristic time-scales found for deep transpiration.

关键词： moisture vertical distribution moisture temporal variation texture stratification irrigation meteorological forcing urban landscape

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Application of MoS in the space environment: a review

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0755-1

摘要： A considerable portion of space mechanism failures are related to space tribological problems. Cold welding in high vacuum; surface erosion and collision damage caused by various radiations, high temperature oxidation under atomic oxygen (AO) bombardment; and thermal stress caused by temperature alternation all alter the physical, chemical, and friction properties of materials. In particular, the space vibration caused by alternating temperatures and microgravity environments can alter the motion of the contact body, further affecting its friction properties. Improving the friction properties of contact surfaces in the space environment is an important way to extend the service life of spacecraft. Traditional lubricants can no longer meet the lubrication requirements of the space environment. This study describes the characteristics of the space environment and the applications of solid lubricants. The friction properties of MoS₂, a solid lubricant widely used in space, are discussed. The synergistic lubrication of MoS₂ with surface textures or metals is presented. Advances in research on the friction properties of collision sliding contacts in the space environment are reviewed. The combination of MoS₂ and soft metals with surface textures is introduced to reduce the effects of vibration environments on the friction properties of moving parts in space mechanisms. Finally, the challenges and future research interests of MoS₂ films in space tribology are presented.

关键词： MoS₂ soft metal space environment surface texture synergistic effect vibration

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论钢铁行业能耗、物耗、排放的宏观调控

陆钟武,蔡九菊,杜涛,岳强,高成康,王鹤鸣

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第5期页码 126-132

摘要：

强调了对钢铁行业能耗、物耗和排放进行深入、透彻研究的重要性，说明了本研究工作的指导思想、思维方式和理论基础，构思了一张钢铁行业宏观调控网络图，推导了一组多比值计算式；它们都是进行精准、有效的宏观调控所必备的理论工具。回顾过去，确定了我国钢铁行业能耗高、物耗高、排放高的主要原因；展望未来，提出了今后调控工作的原则、方向和长远目标。本文初次阐明了钢铁行业宏观调控的理论和方法。

关键词：钢铁行业；钢产量；能耗、物耗、排放；宏观调控网络图；宏观调控计算式

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Template-free synthesis of hierarchically macro-mesoporous Mn-TiO

Zhao Peng, Li-Hua Chen, Ming-Hui Sun, Pan Wu, Chang Cai, Zhao Deng, Yu Li, Wei-Hong Zheng, Bao-Lian Su

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 43-49 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1679-2

摘要： This study described a template-free method for the synthesis of hierarchically macro-mesoporous Mn-TiO catalysts. The promoting effect of Mn doping and the hierarchically macro-mesoporous architecture on TiO based catalysts was also investigated for the selective reduction of NO with NH . The results show that the catalytic performance of TiO based catalysts was improved greatly after Mn doping. Meanwhile, the Mn-TiO catalyst with the hierarchically macro-mesoporous architecture has a better catalytic activity than that without such an architecture.

关键词： titania hierarchically macro-mesoporous structure Mn-doping selective catalytic reduction

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基于纹理及小波分析的车牌定位方法

黄卫,路小波,余彦翔,凌小静

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第3期页码 19-24

摘要：

提出了一种基于纹理和小波分析的车牌定位方法。针对图像背景复杂，且车牌所占比例较小的特点，提出了一种确定基元分类阈值的二值化方法；根据车牌字符分布规律，提出了二值纹理基元分析方法，提取车牌候选区域；基于小波分析提取车牌区域竖笔画特征，采用隶属度定量表征车牌竖笔画特征、位置特征及形状特征，给出综合这些特征、从候选区域提取车牌区域的方法。测试结果表明，该方法正确定位率超过96%

关键词：纹理小波分析基元车牌定位

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腌制工艺对大菱鲆质构及理化性质的影响

王甜甜,李振兴,林洪,郭晓华

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第9期页码 64-68

摘要：

本文通过分析腌制大菱鲆质构及理化指标的变化，研究食盐浓度、腌制时间和腌制方式等对腌制大菱鲆品质的影响。结果表明：食盐浓度和腌制时间对腌制大菱鲆咀嚼度影响显著（P<0.05），对硬度、弹性和胶黏性无显著影响；腌制方式对腌制品的硬度、弹性和胶黏性影响显著（P<0.05），对咀嚼度无显著影响。在腌制过程中，食盐浓度每增加2 %，酸价降低1.03 mg/g，过氧化值平均降低0.1 g/100 g；腌制时间越长，酸价和过氧化值均有所升高；对感官评价来说，腌制时间有比较显著的影响（P<0.05）。由此可知，腌制工艺对大菱鲆产品的品质有显著的影响，本文通过分析各参数的影响，为进一步优化大菱鲆腌制工艺提供基础数据。

关键词：腌制工艺大菱鲆质构理化性质感官评价

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通过介科学关联“微”与“宏”

Raffaella Ocone

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第3期页码 281-282 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.009

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新时期我国战略性新兴产业发展宏观研究

刘晓龙,葛琴,崔磊磊,李彬,杜祥琬

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第2期页码 9-14 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.02.002

摘要：

战略性新兴产业在我国现代产业体系中的地位和对经济高质量发展的贡献越来越显著。面对复杂的国内外环境和即将进入“十四五”的新形势，迫切需要对我国战略性新兴产业进行宏观思考和战略定位研究。本文深入分析发达国家新兴产业发展态势，总结我国战略性新兴产业发展成绩以及面临的挑战和问题，论证我国相关产业发展的紧迫性和重要性，在此基础上形成了产业发展的总体思路。研究认为，应继续将培育和发展战略性新兴产业作为国家现代产业体系的重要方面，准确识别相关产业的关键短板技术，科学分类并进行顶层部署，尤其是要谋划好产业区域布局以针对性培育产业集群。研究建议：将战略性新兴产业作为国家“十四五”规划的重要内容，出台新兴产业发展专项规划；结合新兴产业发展需求，深入探索新时代举国体制、人才激励与共享机制。

关键词：战略性新兴产业宏观研究产业体系产业集群