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Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1541-8

摘要：

● Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid highest in human milk.

关键词： Human biomonitoring     Human breast milk     LC-MS/MS analysis     Lifestyle parameters    

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Global warming potential associated with Irish milk powder production

William Finnegan, Jamie Goggins, Aksana Chyzheuskaya, Xinmin Zhan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0949-z

摘要： Climate change is an ever growing issue and a major concern worldwide. Both producers and processors need to address the issue now by reducing their carbon footprint. Additionally, if Ireland is to meet their climate and energy targets, as outlined in Food Harvest 2020, which outlines a range of objectives for the Irish agricultural sector, the efficient use of resources and fuels within the industry will need to be increased. In Ireland, agriculture accounts for 29.2% of the total greenhouse gas emissions (58.5 million tonnes CO eq). Therefore, in this paper, a single agri-food product, milk powder, is examined in order to estimate the global warming potential (GWP) associated with its manufacture using life cycle assessment. A cradle-to-processing factory gate analysis, which includes raw milk production, raw milk transportation to the processing factory, its processing into each product and product packaging, is assessed in this study using data collected circa 2013. The factories surveyed processed approximately 24% of the total raw milk processed in the Republic of Ireland in 2013, which was 5.83 billion liters. The average total GWP associated with the manufacture of milk powder is 9.731 kg CO eq·kg milk powder, which has a standard deviation of 2.26 kg CO eq·kg milk powder, for the life cycle stages analyzed in this study. The most significant contributor to GWP is raw milk production (84%), followed by dairy processing (14%), with the remainder of the life cycle stages contributing approximately 2%.

关键词： Dairy     Global warming potential     Ireland     Life cycle assessment     Milk powder     Milk production    

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Expression of recombinant human butyrylcholinesterase in the milk of transgenic mice

Dan LU,Shengzhe SHANG,Shen LIU,Ying WU,Fangfang WU,Tan TAN,Qiuyan LI,Yunping DAI,Xiaoxiang HU,Yaofeng ZHAO,Ning LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第3期   页码 179-184 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014020

摘要： Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) is a natural bioscavenger that protects humans against organophosphate toxicity. Due to the limited yield of human BCHE (hBCHE) when purifying from human plasma, it is necessary to find an alternative method to produce this protein. One potential method is to produce transgenic livestock that make modified milk containing high concentration of hBCHE. In this study, we cloned the gene into a human lactoferrin (hLF) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) construct to make a hLF-hBCHE BAC construct. Subsequently, we injected the BAC construct into pronuclei of mouse fertilized embryos and generated transgenic mice. Expression analysis showed that recombinant hBCHE (rhBCHE) was expressed efficiently in the mammary gland of the transgenic mice and the concentration of rhBCHE in the milk of individual mice ranged from 76±12 to 159±28 mg·L . Protein function tests showed that rhBCHE has the same enzymatic activity as the native hBCHE. Our results pave the way for making transgenic livestock to produce large quantities of rhBCHE.

关键词： recombinant human butyrylcholinesterase (rhBCHE)     human lactoferrin bacterial artificial chromosome (hLF BAC)     transgenic mice     milk    

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CH4 and N2O emissions from double-rice cropping system as affected by Chinese milk

Heshui XU,Dengyun LI,Bo ZHU,Kai ZHANG,Yadong YANG,Chen WANG,Ying JIANG,Zhaohai ZENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 59-68 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017137

摘要： Chinese milk vetch (CMV) and rice straw (RS) were incorporated into soil to substitute for synthetic N fertilizers and to maintain soil fertility. However, little is known about the integrated impacts of CMV and RS incorporation on CH and N O emissions in double-rice cropping systems in southern China. A field experiment was conducted to estimate the integrated impacts of CMV and RS incorporation in the early- and late-rice seasons on CH and N O emissions. All treatments received uniform N inputs, 6%–37% of which was replaced by CMV and RS crop residue. CMV and/or RS incorporation produced equivalent or slightly more grain yield, while reducing N O emissions by 3%–43%. However, both CMV and RS incorporation increased CH emissions. Annual CH emissions ranged from 321 to 614 kg·hm from CMV and RS amendment treatments, which were 1.5–2.9 times higher than that from synthetic N. Compared with single synthetic N fertilizer, incorporation of CMV and/or RS increased GWP and yield-scaled GWP by 45%–164% and 45%–153%, respectively. Our results demonstrate CMV and RS amendments replacing N fertilizer, maintained stable yield, mitigated N O emission, but enhanced CH emission. Further study is needed on crop residue management in double-cropping rice systems.

关键词： Chinese milk vetch     CH4     double-rice cropping system     grain yield     N2O     rice straw    

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A review of traditional and novel detection techniques for melamine and its analogues in foods and animal feed

Mengshi LIN,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 427-435 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0244-z

摘要： Melamine, a nitrogen-rich chemical, has received much attention in recent years due to a series of highly publicized food safety incidents, including 2007 pet food recalls in North America and 2008 melamine contamination in milk, infant formula, and other milk-derived products in China. Current analytical methods for testing melamine are time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the food science and analytical chemistry field to develop simple, quick, sensitive, and cost-effective methods for detection of melamine and its analogues (e.g., cyanuric acid, melamine cyanurate, ammelide, and ammeline) in food ingredients, processed food, and animal feed. This review aims to summarize traditional and novel analytical techniques that have been used or show great potential to detect, characterize, and quantify melamine and its analogues in foods and animal feed.

关键词： milk-derived     Melamine     labor-intensive     cyanurate     time-consuming    

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INTENSIFICATION OF GRASSLAND-BASED DAIRY PRODUCTION AND ITS IMPACTS ON LAND, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS USE EFFICIENCIES

Jouke OENEMA, Oene OENEMA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 130-147 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020376

摘要： Many grassland-based dairy farms are intensifying production, i.e., produce more milk per ha of land in response to the increasing demand for milk (by about 2% per year) in a globalized market. However, intensive dairy farming has been implicated for its resources use, ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions, and eutrophication impacts. This paper addresses the question of how the intensity of dairy production relates to N and P surpluses and use efficiencies on farms subjected to agri-environmental regulations. Detailed monitoring data were analyzed from 2858 grassland-based dairy farms in The Netherlands for the year 2015. The farms produced on average 925 Mg·yr milk. Milk production per ha ranged from<10 to>30 Mg·ha ·yr . Purchased feed and manure export strongly increased with the level of intensification. Surpluses of N and P at farm level remained constant and ammonia emissions per kg milk decreased with the level of intensification. In conclusion, N and P surpluses did not differ much among dairy farms greatly differing in intensity due to legal N and P application limits and obligatory export of manure surpluses to other farms. Further, N and P use efficiencies also did not differ among dairy farms differing in intensity provided the externalization of feed production was accounted for. This paper provides lessons for proper monitoring and control of N and P cycling in dairy farming.

关键词： ammonia     externalization     feed     forage maize     front runners     manure production     milk yield     nitrogen surplus    

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Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms in Italy

Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第2期   页码 181-187 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019252

摘要：

In recent decades, dairy farms have been exposed to wide variation in profit levels due to a considerable variability of milk price, and energy and feed costs. Consequently, it is necessary for the dairy industry to improve efficiency and productivity by adopting innovative technologies. The automated in-parlour milk analysis and separation is mainly useful to produce low or high quality milk and to monitor the animal health status. Milk with high levels of protein and fat contents may reduce the intensity of standardization during cheesemaking process, reducing production costs. The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of real-time milk separation during milking and the performance of the milking machine after implementation of AfiMilk MCS. In addition, the economic aspects were assessed. The separation of milk required the existing milking parlors to be equipped with an additional milkline to allow channeling milk with low and high coagulation properties into two different cooling tanks. The results showed that the high coagulation milk fraction, compared to the bulk milk, increased in fat (from 18% to 43%) and protein (from 3% to 7%) concentration. The technology tested has given promising results showing reliability and efficiency in milk separation in real time with affordable implementation costs.

关键词： cheese yield     infrared analysis     milk quality     real-time measurement     sensor    

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Construction of a universal recombinant expression vector that regulates the expression of human lysozyme in milk

Shen LIU, Shengzhe SHANG, Xuezhen YANG, Huihua ZHANG, Dan LU, Ning LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 382-389 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018211

摘要：

The mammary gland provides a novel method for producing recombinant proteins in milk of transgenic animals. A key component in the technology is the construction of an efficient milk expression vector. Here, we established a simple method to construct a milk expression vector, by a combination of homologous recombination and digestion-ligation. Our methodology is expected to have the advantages of both plasmid and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors. The BAC of mouse whey acidic protein gene (mWAP) was modified twice by homologous recombination to produce a universal expression vector, and the human lysozyme gene (hLZ) was then inserted into the vector by a digestion-ligation method. The final vector containing the 8.5 kb mWAP 5′ promoter, 4.8 kb hLZ genomic DNA, and 8.0 kb mWAP 3′ genomic DNA was microinjected into pronuclei of fertilized mouse embryos, to successfully generate two transgenic mouse lines that expressed recombinant human lysozyme (rhLZ) in milk. The highest expression level of rhLZ was 0.45 g·L−1, and rhLZ exhibited the same antibacterial activity as native hLZ. Our results have provided a simple approach to construct a universal milk expression vector, and demonstrated that the resulting vector regulates the expression of hLZ in milk.

关键词： BAC recombinant methods     gene expression     human lysozyme     transgenic mice     milk expression vector    

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A post-GWAS replication study confirming the association of

Shaohua YANG,Chao QI,Yan XIE,Xiaogang CUI,Yahui GAO,Jianping JIANG,Li JIANG,Shengli ZHANG,Qin ZHANG,Dongxiao SUN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 321-330 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014037

摘要： Genome-wide association studies with an Illumina Bovine50K chip have detected 105 SNPs associated with one or multiple milk production traits in the Chinese Holstein population. Of these, 38 significant SNPs detected with high confidence by both L1-TDT and MMRA methods were selected to further mine potential key genes affecting milk yield and milk composition. By blasting the flanking sequences of these 38 SNPs with the bovine genome sequence combined with comparative genomics analysis, 26 genes were found to contain or be near to such SNPs. Among them, the gene is merely 87 bp away from the significant SNP, Hapmap30383-BTC-005848. Hence, we report herein genotype-phenotype associations to further validate the genetic effects of the gene. By pooled DNA sequencing of 14 unrelated Holstein sires, a total of 18 with seven novel SNPs were identified. Among them, nine SNPs were in the 5′ regulatory region, one in exon 6 and the other in the 3′ UTR and 3′ regulatory region. A total of nine of these identified SNPs were successfully genotyped and analyzed by mass spectrometry for association with five milk production traits in an independent resource population. The results showed that these SNPs were statistically significant for more than two traits [ <(0.0001-0.0267)]. In addition, mRNA expression analyses revealed that was ubiquitous in eight different tissues, with a relatively higher expression level in the mammary gland than in other tissues. These findings, therefore, provide strong evidence for association of variants with milk yield and milk composition traits and may be applied in Chinese Holstein breeding programs.

关键词： GWAS     functional annotation     Chinese Holstein     milk production traits     C14H8orf33 gene     single nucleotide polymorphisms     association study    

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酶法合成sn-2棕榈酸甘油酯的研究进展 Review

韦伟, 孙聪, 王小三, 金青哲, Xuebing Xu, Casimir C. Akoh, 王兴国

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第4期   页码 406-414 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.008

摘要：

人乳脂（human milk fat, HMF）是婴儿重要的能量和营养来源，甘油三酯（TAG）在人乳脂中的含量约为98%，其具有独特的分子结构

关键词： 结构甘油三酯     棕榈酸     人乳替代脂     酶法合成反应     sn-2棕榈酸甘油酯     定量分析    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent

期刊论文

Global warming potential associated with Irish milk powder production

William Finnegan, Jamie Goggins, Aksana Chyzheuskaya, Xinmin Zhan

期刊论文

Expression of recombinant human butyrylcholinesterase in the milk of transgenic mice

Dan LU,Shengzhe SHANG,Shen LIU,Ying WU,Fangfang WU,Tan TAN,Qiuyan LI,Yunping DAI,Xiaoxiang HU,Yaofeng ZHAO,Ning LI

期刊论文

CH4 and N2O emissions from double-rice cropping system as affected by Chinese milk

Heshui XU,Dengyun LI,Bo ZHU,Kai ZHANG,Yadong YANG,Chen WANG,Ying JIANG,Zhaohai ZENG

期刊论文

A review of traditional and novel detection techniques for melamine and its analogues in foods and animal feed

Mengshi LIN,

期刊论文

INTENSIFICATION OF GRASSLAND-BASED DAIRY PRODUCTION AND ITS IMPACTS ON LAND, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS USE EFFICIENCIES

Jouke OENEMA, Oene OENEMA

期刊论文

Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms in Italy

Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA

期刊论文

Construction of a universal recombinant expression vector that regulates the expression of human lysozyme in milk

Shen LIU, Shengzhe SHANG, Xuezhen YANG, Huihua ZHANG, Dan LU, Ning LI

期刊论文

A post-GWAS replication study confirming the association of

Shaohua YANG,Chao QI,Yan XIE,Xiaogang CUI,Yahui GAO,Jianping JIANG,Li JIANG,Shengli ZHANG,Qin ZHANG,Dongxiao SUN

期刊论文

酶法合成sn-2棕榈酸甘油酯的研究进展

韦伟, 孙聪, 王小三, 金青哲, Xuebing Xu, Casimir C. Akoh, 王兴国

期刊论文