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Discovery of small molecule degraders for modulating cell cycle

《医学前沿(英文)》   页码 823-854 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1027-5

摘要: The cell cycle is a complex process that involves DNA replication, protein expression, and cell division. Dysregulation of the cell cycle is associated with various diseases. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their corresponding cyclins are major proteins that regulate the cell cycle. In contrast to inhibition, a new approach called proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and molecular glues can eliminate both enzymatic and scaffold functions of CDKs and cyclins, achieving targeted degradation. The field of PROTACs and molecular glues has developed rapidly in recent years. In this article, we aim to summarize the latest developments of CDKs and cyclin protein degraders. The selectivity, application, validation and the current state of each CDK degrader will be overviewed. Additionally, possible methods are discussed for the development of degraders for CDK members that still lack them. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive summary of the latest advancements in CDK and cyclin protein degraders, which will be helpful for researchers working on this topic.

关键词: PROTAC     molecular glue     degrader     cell cycle     CDK     cyclin    

Near-infrared benzodiazoles as small molecule environmentally-sensitive fluorophores

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 128-135 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2080-8

摘要: The development of fluorophores emitting in the near-infrared spectral window has gained increased attention given their suitable features for biological imaging. In this work, we have optimised a general and straightforward synthetic approach to prepare a small library of near-infrared-emitting C-bridged nitrobenzodiazoles using commercial precursors. C-bridged benzodiazoles have low molecular weight and neutral character as important features that are not common in most near-infrared dyes. We have investigated their fluorescence response in the presence of a wide array of 60 different biomolecules and identified compound 3i as a potential chemosensor to discriminate between Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in aqueous media.

关键词: fluorescence     probes     iron     screening     library    

Recent advances of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detecting biological hydrogen sulfide

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 34-63 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2050-1

摘要: H2S is well-known as a colorless, acidic gas, with a notoriously rotten-egg smell. It was recently revealed that H2S is also an endogenous signaling molecule that has important biological functions, however, most of its physiology and pathology remains elusive. Therefore, the enthusiasm for H2S research remains. Fluorescence imaging technology is an important tool for H2S biology research. The development of fluorescence imaging technology has realized the study of H2S in subcellular organelles, facilitated by the development of fluorescent probes. The probes reviewed in this paper were categorized according to their chemical mechanism of sensing and were divided into three groups: H2S reducibility-based probes, H2S nucleophilicity-based probes, and metal sulfide precipitation-based probes. The structure of the probes, their sensing mechanism, and imaging results have been discussed in detail. Moreover, we also introduced some probes for hydrogen polysulfides.

关键词: hydrogen sulfide     fluorescent probe     reducibility     nucleophilicity     copper sulfide precipitate     hydrogen polysulfides    

A pseudocapacitive molecule-induced strategy to construct flexible high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第9期   页码 1208-1220 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2304-1

摘要: The combination of high-voltage windows and bending stability remains a challenge for supercapacitors. Here, we present an “advantage-complementary strategy” using sodium lignosulfonate as a pseudocapacitive molecule to regulate the spatial stacking pattern of graphene oxide and the interfacial architectures of graphene oxide and polyaniline. Flexible and sustainable sodium lignosulfonate-based electrodes are successfully developed, showing perfect bending stability and high electronic conductivity and specific capacitance (521 F·g−1 at 0.5 A·g–1). Due to the resulting rational interfacial structure and stable ion-electron transport, the asymmetric supercapacitors provide a wide voltage window reaching 1.7 V, outstanding bending stability and high energy-power density of 83.87 Wh·kg–1 at 3.4 kW·kg–1. These properties are superior to other reported cases of asymmetric energy enrichment. The synergistic strategy of sodium lignosulfonate on graphene oxide and polyaniline is undoubtedly beneficial to advance the process for the construction of green flexible supercapacitors with remarkably wide voltage windows and excellent bending stability.

关键词: molecular synergy     pseudocapacitive lignosulfonate     flexible electronic devices     asymmetric supercapacitor     wide voltage windows    

Genetic biosensors for small-molecule products: Design and applications in high-throughput screening

Qingzhuo Wang,Shuang-Yan Tang,Sheng Yang

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 15-26 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1629-z

摘要: Overproduction of small-molecule chemicals using engineered microbial cells has greatly reduced the production cost and promoted environmental protection. Notably, the rapid and sensitive evaluation of the concentrations of the desired products greatly facilitates the optimization process of cell factories. For this purpose, many genetic components have been adapted into biosensors of small molecules, which couple the intracellular concentrations of small molecules to easily detectable readouts such as fluorescence, absorbance, and cell growth. Such biosensors allow a high-throughput screening of the small-molecule products, and can be roughly classified as protein-based and RNA-based biosensors. This review summarizes the recent developments in the design and applications of biosensors for small-molecule products.

关键词: biosensor     small molecule product     transcription factor     riboswitch     high-throughput screening    

Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence

Xiaowei LUO, Yannick BENICHOU, Suyuan YU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 506-510 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0275-5

摘要: The collision frequency function for aerosol particles has already been calculated for the free molecule regime and for the continuum range. The present work, taking into account the influence of internal force fields such as magnetic force, electric force and molecular forces, created by particles themselves, recalculated the collision frequency in the case of particles much smaller than the mean free path of the gas (free molecule regime). Attractive forces increase naturally the collision frequency, while repulsive forces decrease it. The calculation was performed for all types of central forces deriving from a potential, including Coulomb forces and Van der Waals forces.

关键词: aerosol particles     collision frequency function     coagulation    

Development of small-molecule viral inhibitors targeting various stages of the life cycle of emerging

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 449-461 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0589-5

摘要:

In recent years, unexpected outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by emerging and re-emerging viruses have become more frequent, which is possibly due to environmental changes. These outbreaks result in the loss of life and economic hardship. Vaccines and therapeutics should be developed for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest progress in the development of small-molecule viral inhibitors against highly pathogenic coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Ebola virus, and Zika virus. These viruses can interfere with the specific steps of viral life cycle by blocking the binding between virus and host cells, disrupting viral endocytosis, disturbing membrane fusion, and interrupting viral RNA replication and translation, thereby demonstrating potent therapeutic effect against various emerging and re-emerging viruses. We also discuss some general strategies for developing small-molecule viral inhibitors.

关键词: emerging and re-emerging viruses     small-molecule inhibitor     coronavirus     Ebola virus     Zika virus     life cycle    

Small-molecule anti-COVID-19 drugs and a focus on China’s homegrown mindeudesivir (VV116)

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1037-3

摘要: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has stimulated tremendous efforts to develop therapeutic agents that target severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to control viral infection. So far, a few small-molecule antiviral drugs, including nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (Paxlovid), remdesivir, and molnupiravir have been marketed for the treatment of COVID-19. Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir has been recommended by the World Health Organization as an early treatment for outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. However, the existing treatment options have limitations, and effective treatment strategies that are cost-effective and convenient for tackling COVID-19 are still needed. To date, four domestically developed oral anti-COVID-19 drugs have been granted conditional market approval in China. These drugs include azvudine, simnotrelvir–ritonavir (Xiannuoxin), leritrelvir, and mindeudesivir (VV116). Preclinical and clinical studies have explored the efficacy and tolerability of mindeudesivir and supported its early use in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 cases at high risk for progression. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings regarding the pharmacological mechanism and therapeutic effects focusing on mindeudesivir and other small-molecule antiviral agents for COVID-19. These findings will expand our understanding and highlight the potential widespread application of China’s homegrown anti-COVID-19 drugs.

关键词: COVID-19     antiviral drugs     mindeudesivir    

Design of nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release of small molecule and nucleic

Vaibhav Mundra, Ram I. Mahato

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 387-404 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1457-3

摘要: There are many challenges in developing efficient and target specific delivery systems of small molecule and nucleic acid drugs. Cell membrane presents one of the major barriers for the penetration of hydrophilic macromolecules across the plasma membrane. Nanocarriers have been designed to enhance their cellular uptake via endocytosis but following their cellular uptake, endosomal escape is the rate limiting step which restricts the value associated with the enhanced uptake by nanocarriers. Viruses are an excellent model for efficient cytosolic delivery by nanocarriers. Viruses exploit intracellular cues to release the genome to cytosol. In this review, we first discuss different endocytic uptake pathways and endosomal escape mechanisms. We then summarize the existing tools for studying the intracellular trafficking of nanocarriers. Finally, we highlight the important design elements of recent virus-based nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape.

关键词: nanocarrier     cellular uptake     endosomal release     nucleic acid drug    

用经典力学计算氢分子的键长键能及力常数

陈景

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第6期   页码 39-43

摘要:

氢原子中1 s电子的电子云呈球形,电子的最大几率密度分布出现在玻尔半径a0的球壳内,认为几率密度分布及电子云属统计规律,意味着已经使用了宏观时标,这样就使氢分子体系中能量和时间的作用量远大于普郎克常数;根据电子云的交叠,用经典力学计算了基态氢分子的结构常数,获得键长、键能及力常数的表达式分别为Re = 〓a0,De = ze/4〓a0,k = ze/2〓,采用原子单位(a.u.)时z、e及a0均为1,获得Re=1.414 a.u.,De=0.177 a.u.,k=0.354 a.u.,这些数值与实验值的相对误差分别<1%,<2%和<4%;成键模型直观,物理意义明确,计算中不含任何人为性参数。

关键词: 氢分子     键长     键能     力常数    

A small-molecule pan-HER inhibitor alone or in combination with cisplatin exerts efficacy against nasopharyngeal

《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 275-289 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0945-y

摘要: The abnormal activation of HER family kinase activity is closely related to the development of human malignancies. In this study, we used HER kinases as targets for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and explored the anti-tumor effects of the novel pan-HER inhibitor HM781-36B, alone or in combination with cisplatin. We found that HER family proteins were positively expressed in tumor tissues of some NPC patients, and the high levels of those proteins were significantly related to poor prognosis. HM781-36B inhibited NPC in vitro and in vivo. HM781-36B exerted synergistic effects with cisplatin on inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of NPC cells. In NPC xenograft models in nude mice, HM781-36B and cisplatin synergistically inhibited tumor growth. Downregulating the activity of HER family proteins and their downstream signaling pathways and regulating tumor microenvironment may explain the synergistic anti-tumor effects of HM781-36B and cisplatin. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for HER family proteins as prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for NPC. The pan-HER inhibitor HM781-36B alone or in combination with cisplatin represents promising therapeutic effects for the treatment of NPC patients, which provides a new idea for the comprehensive treatment of NPC.

关键词: epidermal growth factor receptor     ErbB receptors     HM781-36B     nasopharyngeal carcinoma     molecular targeted therapy     cisplatin    

Bright future of polymerizing small-molecule acceptors in realizing high performance all-polymer solar

Qi Chen1 , Cen Zhang1 , Lingwei Xue1,2 , Zhi-Guo Zhang1

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第10期   页码 1526-1529 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2161-3

Recent advances in small molecule fluorescent probes for simultaneous imaging of two bioactive molecules

Yongqing Zhou, Xin Wang, Wei Zhang, Bo Tang, Ping Li

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 4-33 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2041-2

摘要: The interrelationships and synergistic regulations of bioactive molecules play pivotal roles in physiological and pathological processes involved in the initiation and development of some diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the simultaneous, accurate and timely detection of two bioactive molecules is crucial to explore their roles and pathological mechanisms in related diseases. Fluorescence imaging associated with small molecular probes has been widely used in the imaging of bioactive molecules in living cells and due to its excellent performances, including high sensitivity and selectivity, noninvasive properties, real-time and high spatial temporal resolution. Single organic molecule fluorescent probes have been successively developed to simultaneously monitor two biomolecules to uncover their synergistic relationships in living systems. Hence, in this review, we focus on summarizing the design strategies, classifications, and bioimaging applications of dual-response fluorescent probes over the past decade. Furthermore, future research directions in this field are proposed.

关键词: bioactive molecules     fluorescent probes     in living cells and in vivo     review    

表征不同DNA高阶结构的单分子分析方法 Review

刘泳麟, 边天元, 刘岩, 李治民, 裴羽丰, 宋杰

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第24卷 第5期   页码 277-292 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.009

摘要:

DNA不仅是生命遗传信息的载体,而且是一种高度可编程和自组装的纳米材料。不同的DNA结构与其生物学和化学功能有关。因此,了解各种DNA结构的物理和化学性质在生物学和纳米化学中具有重要意义。然而,群体分子实验忽略了溶液中DNA结构的异质性。单分子分析方法是观察单个分子的行为和探测自由能态的高异质性的有力工具。本文介绍了单分子检测和操纵等单分子分析方法,并讨论了这些方法如何用于测量单/双链DNA(ss/dsDNA)、DNA高阶结构和DNA纳米结构的分子性质。最后,将DNA纳米技术和单分子分析方法进行结合以了解DNA和其他生物物质、软物质的生物物理特性。

关键词: 单分子分析方法     DNA结构     力学性能     构象转变    

ECRG4: a new potential target in precision medicine

Xin Qin, Ping Zhang

《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第5期   页码 540-546 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0637-9

摘要: Given the rapid development in precision medicine, tremendous efforts have been devoted to discovering new biomarkers for disease diagnosis and treatment. Esophageal cancer-related gene-4 ( ), which is initially known as a new candidate tumor suppressor gene, is emerging as a sentinel molecule for gauging tissue homeostasis. ECRG4 is unique in its cytokine-like functional pattern and epigenetically-regulated gene expression pattern. The gene can be released from the cell membrane upon activation and detected in liquid biopsy, thus offering considerable potential in precision medicine. This review provides an updated summary on the biology of ECRG4, with emphasis on its important roles in cancer diagnosis and therapy. The future perspectives of ECRG4 as a potential molecular marker in precision medicine are also discussed in detail.

关键词: ECRG4     tumor suppressor gene     sentinel molecule     precision medicine     cell senescence     epithelium homeostasis    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Discovery of small molecule degraders for modulating cell cycle

期刊论文

Near-infrared benzodiazoles as small molecule environmentally-sensitive fluorophores

期刊论文

Recent advances of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detecting biological hydrogen sulfide

期刊论文

A pseudocapacitive molecule-induced strategy to construct flexible high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

期刊论文

Genetic biosensors for small-molecule products: Design and applications in high-throughput screening

Qingzhuo Wang,Shuang-Yan Tang,Sheng Yang

期刊论文

Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence

Xiaowei LUO, Yannick BENICHOU, Suyuan YU

期刊论文

Development of small-molecule viral inhibitors targeting various stages of the life cycle of emerging

null

期刊论文

Small-molecule anti-COVID-19 drugs and a focus on China’s homegrown mindeudesivir (VV116)

期刊论文

Design of nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release of small molecule and nucleic

Vaibhav Mundra, Ram I. Mahato

期刊论文

用经典力学计算氢分子的键长键能及力常数

陈景

期刊论文

A small-molecule pan-HER inhibitor alone or in combination with cisplatin exerts efficacy against nasopharyngeal

期刊论文

Bright future of polymerizing small-molecule acceptors in realizing high performance all-polymer solar

Qi Chen1 , Cen Zhang1 , Lingwei Xue1,2 , Zhi-Guo Zhang1

期刊论文

Recent advances in small molecule fluorescent probes for simultaneous imaging of two bioactive molecules

Yongqing Zhou, Xin Wang, Wei Zhang, Bo Tang, Ping Li

期刊论文

表征不同DNA高阶结构的单分子分析方法

刘泳麟, 边天元, 刘岩, 李治民, 裴羽丰, 宋杰

期刊论文

ECRG4: a new potential target in precision medicine

Xin Qin, Ping Zhang

期刊论文