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New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 301-313 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016055

摘要： First-mover advantage and solid foundation of oil and gas cooperation is very important to the Belt and Road Initiative. Deeply studied opportunities and challenges of oil and gas cooperation have far-reaching significance to the cooperation in other industries in the Belt and Road. In this article, based on the systematic analysis of the oil and gas supply security, investment environment, regional win-win situation in oil and gas cooperation, new opportunities and challenges about upstream, pipeline, refining, trade, warehousing, engineering technology and equipment are studied. Enhancing capacities in four areas and implementing the 16 measures are given for deepening oil and gas cooperation in the future. Meanwhile, this article also gives suggestions and cooperation directions for countries and companies.

关键词： the Belt and Road     oil & gas cooperation     new challenges     new opportunities     new measures    

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Catalytic reduction of water pollutants: knowledge gaps, lessons learned, and new opportunities

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1626-z

摘要：

● Advances, challenges, and opportunities for catalytic water pollutant reduction.

关键词： Molybdenum     Rhenium     Rhodium     Ruthenium     Catalyst Support     Bromate    

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Bridging reliability and operations management for superior system availability: Challenges and opportunities

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 391-405 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0206-4

摘要： Recently, firms have begun to handle the design, manufacturing, and maintenance of capital goods through a consolidated mechanism called the integrated product-service system. This new paradigm enables firms to deliver high-reliability products while lowering the ownership cost. Hence, holistic optimization models must be proposed for jointly allocating reliability, maintenance, and spare parts inventory across the entire value chain. In the existing literature, these decisions are often made fragmentally, thus resulting in local optimality. This study reviews the extant works pertaining to reliability-redundancy allocation, preventative maintenance, and spare parts logistics models. We discuss the challenges and opportunities of consolidating these decisions under an integrated reliability-maintenance-inventory framework for attaining superior system availability. Specific interest is focused on the new product introduction phase in which firms face a variety of uncertainties, including installed base, usage, reliability, and trade policy. The goal is to call for tackling the integrated reliability-maintenance-inventory allocation model under a nonstationary operating condition. Finally, we place the integrated allocation model in the semiconductor equipment industry and show how the firm deploys reliability initiatives and after-sale support logistics to ensure the fleet uptime for its global customers.

关键词： system availability     product-service integration     installed base     new product introduction     service supply chain     reliability-maintenance-inventory optimization    

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Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening: opportunities and challenges

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 116-121 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0600-1

摘要：

Lung cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death in both males and females. Screening for lung cancer coupled with earlier intervention has long been studied as an approach to mortality reduction. However, minimal progress was achieved until recently, when low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) screening demonstrated a 20% reduction in mortality from lung cancer in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), the National Lung Screening Trial, from the United States. On the basis of this finding, LDCT has been recommended for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations by several clinical guidelines. However, results from the following independent RCTs in Europe failed to show consistent conclusions. In addition, intractable problems gradually emerged with the progress of LDCT screening. This paper summarizes and discusses the main observations and challenges of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Before spreading implementation of LDCT screening, challenges, including high false-positive rates, overdiagnosis, enormous costs, and radiation risk, must be addressed. Complementary biomarkers and technical improvement are expected in the field of lung cancer screening in the near future.

关键词： lung cancer     low-dose computerized tomography     early detection     opportunities     challenges    

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Energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta: opportunities, challenges, and suggestions

Zheng YAN, Jiayi HU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 484-492 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0600-0

摘要：

Energy internet is an Internet of Things (IoT) based network, which combines the multi-energy flows and the information flows. In this review, the opportunities and the challenges posed to developing energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta are analyzed concerning detailed analysis of its advantages in various aspects and problems of its energy systems. Then the framework of energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta is constructed, according to which specific suggestions are also provided. This review is dedicated to helping the policy makers to draw the roadmap of future-oriented energy internet.

关键词： energy internet     opportunities     challenges     suggestions     the Yangtze River Delta    

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液态金属科技与工业的崛起：进展与机遇

刘静

《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第5期   页码 93-103 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.05.016

摘要：

常温液态金属及其衍生材料是近年来异军突起的新兴功能物质，该领域取得了一系列突破性发现，催生出诸多全新的材料创制与应用，被视为人类利用金属的第二次革命。本文扼要介绍了液态金属物质科学领域涌现出的若干典型进展、基础问题与工业应用范例，剖析现象背后的科学规律，具体包括：芯片冷却与能源利用、印刷电子学与增材制造（3D打印）、生物材料学、柔性智能机器学。在此基础上，论述了提出“液态金属谷”的时代背景、发展液态金属新工业体系的基本途径，阐述了推进液态金属材料基因工程研究并构建相应数据库的重要意义。液态金属作为兼具基础探索与实际应用价值的重大科学、技术与工业前沿，发展前景广阔；相应研究有望促进人类物质文明进步、优化社会生产和生活方式，也将深刻影响中国乃至世界寻求新一代变革性科技与工业的进程。

关键词： 液态金属     新材料     颠覆性技术     新工业     先进冷却     印刷电子     生物医学材料     柔性机器人    

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Biogas and its opportunities—A review

Panagiotis G. Kougias, Irini Angelidaki

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1037-8

摘要： Biogas production is a well-established technology primarily for the generation of renewable energy and also for the valorization of organic residues. Biogas is the end product of a biological mediated process, the so called anaerobic digestion, in which different microorganisms, follow diverse metabolic pathways to decompose the organic matter. The process has been known since ancient times and was widely applied at domestic households providing heat and power for hundreds of years. Nowadays, the biogas sector is rapidly growing and novel achievements create the foundation for constituting biogas plants as advanced bioenergy factories. In this context, the biogas plants are the basis of a circular economy concept targeting nutrients recycling, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and biorefinery purposes. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art and presents future perspectives related to the anaerobic digestion process for biogas production. Moreover, a historical retrospective of biogas sector from the early years of its development till its recent advancements gives an outlook of the opportunities that are opening up for process optimisation.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion     Biogas     Biowastes     Solid waste     Manure     Industrial waste    

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Smart systems engineering contributing to an intelligent carbon-neutral future: opportunities, challenges

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 1023-1029 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2142-6

摘要： This communication paper provides an overview of multi-scale smart systems engineering (SSE) approaches and their applications in crucial domains including materials discovery, intelligent manufacturing, and environmental management. A major focus of this interdisciplinary field is on the design, operation and management of multi-scale systems with enhanced economic and environmental performance. The emergence of big data analytics, internet of things, machine learning, and general artificial intelligence could revolutionize next-generation research, industry and society. A detailed discussion is provided herein on opportunities, challenges, and future directions of SSE in response to the pressing carbon-neutrality targets.

关键词： machine learning     modeling     material     industrial applications     environment    

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Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1596-6

摘要：

● Health hazards of plastic waste on environment are discussed.

关键词： Plastic-waste     Polymers     Health-hazards     Biodegradation     Microorganisms     Enzymes    

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Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 315-320 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0146-6

摘要： Research and evidence are critical for the formulation of policies and practices in support of health care. In the past two decades, the Chinese Clinical Epidemiology Network has been promoting evidence-based policy making in China. Evidence-based policy has become a major part of the government’s approach to policy making. The current article addresses the translation of evidence into health policies based on the expansion of evidence-based medicine in China. It also discusses the opportunities and challenges for certain evidence to be considered in policy making and practice in the future.

关键词： clinical epidemiology     evidence-based decision making     policy    

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Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 9-18 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0818-8

摘要： The structure of a power energy system is becoming more distributed than before. It becomes challenging to manage such a system in a centralized way, because a central authority may not exist or may not be trusted by all parties. Blockchain is a promising tool to address this challenge, by enabling trusted collaboration in the absence of a trusted central authority. Its use in the energy sector has been pioneered by several pilot projects. However, to date the energy sector has not seen large-scale deployment of blockchain, partly because the founders of those pilot projects, the public, and utilities have not reached consensus on the values and limitations of blockchain in energy. This perspective aims to bridge this gap. First, the philosophy and unique values of blockchain are discussed. Second, some promising blockchain-based applications in energy systems are presented. Third, some common misunderstandings of blockchain in energy are discussed. Last, some frequently-asked questions from utilities are discussed. Hopefully this perspective can help advance large-scale deployment of blockchain in energy systems.

关键词： blockchain     immutability     energy trading     energy management     data synchronization    

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Phosphorus use efficiency and fertilizers: future opportunities for improvements

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 332-340 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019274

摘要：

The continued supply of phosphate fertilizers that underpin global food production is an imminent crisis. The rock phosphate deposits on which the world depends are not only finite, but some are contaminated, and many are located in geopolitically unstable areas, meaning that fundamental changes will have to take place in order to maintain food production for a growing global population. No single solution exists, but a combination of approaches to phosphorus management is required not only to extend the lifespan of the remaining non-renewable rock phosphate reserves, but to result in a more efficient, sustainable phosphorus cycle. Solutions include improving the efficiency of fertilizer applications to agricultural land, alongside a better understanding of phosphorus cycling in soil-plant systems, and the interactions between soil physics, chemistry and biology, coupled with plant traits. Opportunities exist for the development of plants that can access different forms of soil phosphorus (e.g., organic phosphorus) and that use internal phosphorus more efficiently. The development of different sources of phosphorus fertilizers are inevitably required given the finite nature of the rock phosphate supplies. Clear opportunities exist, and it is now important that a concerted effort to make advances in phosphorus use efficiency is prioritized.

关键词： organic phosphorus     phosphorus fertilizer     phosphorus use efficiency     rock phosphate    

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BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 82-97 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021404

摘要：

Bioinsecticides are naturally-occurring substances from different sources that control insect pests. Ideal bioinsecticides should have low toxicity to non-target organisms. They should also be easily degraded in sewage treatment works and natural environments, highly effective in small quantities and affect target pests only. Public concerns about possible side-effects of synthetic pesticides have accelerated bioinsecticide research and development. However, to develop bioinsecticides into mainstream products, their high production costs, short shelf-life and often uncertain modes of action need to be considered. This review summarizes current progress on bioinsecticides which are categorized as biochemical insecticides and their derivatives, plant-incorporated protectants, and microbial bioinsecticides. The current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used are discussed and future research directions are proposed.

 

关键词： biochemical insecticide / bioinsecticide / microbial bioinsecticides / plant-incorporated protectant / RNA insecticide    

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Practices, challenges, and opportunities: HIV/AIDS treatment with traditional Chinese medicine in China

Jian Wang, Wen Zou

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 123-126 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0124-z

摘要： Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become widely used in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in China in recent years. In this article, we summarize the recent major developments in human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS (HIV/AIDS) treatment with TCM. The use of TCM is associated with preventing or alleviating HIV-related symptoms, reducing treatment side effects, and improving the quality of life. The potential beneficial effects of TCM should be confirmed through extensive and rigorous trials.

关键词： HIV/AIDS     traditional Chinese medicine    

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Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges

Tangchun Wu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 816-819 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0823-4

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

期刊论文

Catalytic reduction of water pollutants: knowledge gaps, lessons learned, and new opportunities

期刊论文

Bridging reliability and operations management for superior system availability: Challenges and opportunities

期刊论文

Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening: opportunities and challenges

null

期刊论文

Energy internet in the Yangtze River Delta: opportunities, challenges, and suggestions

Zheng YAN, Jiayi HU

期刊论文

液态金属科技与工业的崛起：进展与机遇

刘静

期刊论文

Biogas and its opportunities—A review

Panagiotis G. Kougias, Irini Angelidaki

期刊论文

Smart systems engineering contributing to an intelligent carbon-neutral future: opportunities, challenges

期刊论文

Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

期刊论文

Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

期刊论文

Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations

期刊论文

Phosphorus use efficiency and fertilizers: future opportunities for improvements

null

期刊论文

BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

期刊论文

Practices, challenges, and opportunities: HIV/AIDS treatment with traditional Chinese medicine in China

Jian Wang, Wen Zou

期刊论文

Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges

Tangchun Wu

期刊论文