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期刊论文 8

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2023 1

2022 1

2017 2

2016 2

2010 1

关键词

公共行人舒适度 1

建筑物立面与公众健康 1

建筑物立面基础设施 1

引力模型;相向行人流;社会力模型;渠化现象;自组织行为 1

行人;混合强化学习;自动驾驶汽车;决策 1

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A Bayesian modeling approach to bi-directional pedestrian flows in carnival events

S. Q. XIE, S. C. WONG, William H. K. LAM

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第4期   页码 483-489 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017023

摘要: Bi-directional pedestrian flows are common at crosswalks, footpaths, and shopping areas. However, the properties of pedestrian movement may vary in urban areas according to the type of walking facility. In recent years, crowd movements at carnival events have attracted the attention of researchers. In contrast to pedestrian behavior in other walking facilities, pedestrians whose attention is attracted by carnival displays or activities may slow down and even stop walking. The Lunar New Year Market is a traditional carnival event in Hong Kong held annually one week before the Lunar New Year. During the said event, crowd movements can be easily identified, particularly in Victoria Park, where the largest Lunar New Year Market in Hong Kong is hosted. In this study, we conducted a video-based observational survey to collect pedestrian flow and speed data at the Victoria Park Lunar New Year Market on the eve of the Lunar New Year. Using the collected data, an extant mathematical model was calibrated to capture the relationships between the relevant macroscopic quantities, thereby providing insight into pedestrian behavior at the carnival event. Bayesian inference was employed to calibrate the model by using prior data obtained from a previous controlled experiment. Results obtained enhance our understanding of crowd behavior under different conditions at carnival events, thus facilitating the improvement of the safety and efficiency of similar events in the future.

关键词: pedestrian flow model     bi-directional interactions     empirical studies     Bayesian inference    

The Group Interaction Field for Learning and Explaining Pedestrian Anticipation

Xueyang Wang,Xuecheng Chen,Puhua Jiang,Haozhe Lin,Xiaoyun Yuan,Mengqi Ji,Yuchen Guo,Ruqi Huang,Lu Fang,

《工程(英文)》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.020

摘要: Anticipating others’ actions is innate and essential in order for humans to navigate and interact well with others in dense crowds. This ability is urgently required for unmanned systems such as service robots and self-driving cars. However, existing solutions struggle to predict pedestrian anticipation accurately, because the influence of group-related social behaviors has not been well considered. While group relationships and group interactions are ubiquitous and significantly influence pedestrian anticipation, their influence is diverse and subtle, making it difficult to explicitly quantify. Here, we propose the group interaction field (GIF), a novel group-aware representation that quantifies pedestrian anticipation into a probability field of pedestrians’ future locations and attention orientations. An end-to-end neural network, GIFNet, is tailored to estimate the GIF from explicit multidimensional observations. GIFNet quantifies the influence of group behaviors by formulating a group interaction graph with propagation and graph attention that is adaptive to the group size and dynamic interaction states. The experimental results show that the GIF effectively represents the change in pedestrians’ anticipation under the prominent impact of group behaviors and accurately predicts pedestrians’ future states. Moreover, the GIF contributes to explaining various predictions of pedestrians’ behavior in different social states. The proposed GIF will eventually be able to allow unmanned systems to work in a human-like manner and comply with social norms, thereby promoting harmonious human–machine relationships.

关键词: Human behavior modeling and prediction     Implicit representation of pedestrian anticipation     Group interaction     Graph neural network    

Presentation of regression analysis, GP and GMDH models to predict the pedestrian density in various

Iraj BARGEGOL; Seyed Mohsen HOSSEINIAN; Vahid NAJAFI MOGHADDAM GILANI; Mohammad NIKOOKAR; Alireza OROUEI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 250-265 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0785-x

摘要: In this study, the relationship between space mean speed (SMS), flow rate and density of pedestrians was investigated in different pedestrian facilities, including 1 walkway, 2 sidewalks, 2 signalized crosswalks and 2 mid-block crosswalks. First, statistical analysis was performed to investigate the normality of data and correlation of variables. Regression analysis was then applied to determine the relationship between SMS, flow rate, and density of pedestrians. Finally, two prediction models of density were obtained using genetic programming (GP) and group method of data handling (GMDH) models, and k-fold and holdout cross-validation methods were used to evaluate the models. By the use of regression analysis, the mathematical relationships between variables in all facilities were calculated and plotted, and the best relationships were observed in flow rate-density diagrams. Results also indicated that GP had a higher R2 than GMDH in the prediction of pedestrian density in terms of flow rate and SMS, suggesting that GP was better able to model SMS and pedestrian density. Moreover, the application of k-fold cross-validation method in the models led to better performances compared to the holdout cross-validation method, which shows that the prediction models using k-fold were more reliable. Finally, density relationships in all facilities were obtained in terms of SMS and flow rate.

关键词: pedestrian density     regression analysis     GP model     GMDH model    

Research on pedestrian escape route without visibility based on Markov chain model

Xiaoping ZHENG, Lijuan DU, Hongjiang WANG,

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 283-289 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0272-8

摘要: It is a pioneering work to use a Markov chain model to study the pedestrian escape route without visibility. In this paper, based on the Markov chain probability transition matrix, the algorithms with random numbers and the spatial-grid, an escape route in a limited invisible space is obtained. Six pace states (standing, crawling, walking, leaping, jogging, and running) are applied to describe the characteristics of pedestrian behaviors. Besides, eight main direction changes are used to describe the transition characteristic of a pedestrian. At the same time, this paper analyzes the escape route from two views, i.e., pedestrian pace states and directions. The research results show that the Markov chain model is more realistic as a means of studying pedestrian escape routes.

关键词: pioneering     direction     spatial-grid     realistic     transition characteristic    

基于混合强化学习的自动驾驶汽车行人避撞方法 Research Article

李惠乾1,黄晋1,曹重1,杨殿阁1,钟志华2

《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第24卷 第1期   页码 131-140 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200128

摘要: 确保行人的安全对自动驾驶汽车而言至关重要,同时也具有一定挑战。经典的行人避撞策略无法应对不确定性,而基于学习的方法缺乏明确的性能保障。本文提出一种基于混合强化学习的行人避撞方法,以使自动驾驶车辆能够与具有行为不确定性的行人安全交互。该方法集成了规则策略和强化学习策略,并设计了一个激活函数选择具有更高置信度的作为最终策略,通过这种方式保证最终策略的表现不亚于规则策略。为说明所提方法的有效性,本文使用一种加速测试方法生成了行为随机的行人进行仿真验证。结果表明,该方法在测试场景中的成功率,相比基准方法的94.4%,提升至98.8%。

关键词: 行人;混合强化学习;自动驾驶汽车;决策    

Testing development of different surface treatments on pervious concrete

Mina YEKKALAR,Liv HASELBACH,Quinn LANGFITT

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 385-393 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0351-0

摘要: Pervious concrete systems are developing stormwater management technologies which also have wintertime benefits as melting snow may percolate into the system instead of refreezing on the surface. Enhancing the surface microtexture of pervious concrete may also be beneficial in preventing icing or slipping by pedestrians. This research explored different surface treatments on pervious concrete specimens both qualitatively from personal judgements, and quantitatively through static friction measurements with a spring balance with respect to “slipperiness”. The tests were performed on both dry and wet specimens. One aim was to determine whether the spring balance method may be a simple test for comparing surface treatments on pavement samples with little surface area such as laboratory specimens or sidewalk sections. The other purpose was to make a preliminary decision of which surface treatments to use for a sidewalk installation for future studies on wintertime performance. The reliability analysis of the spring balance results showed that there was high operator consistency. In addition, there was a high level of consistency on average results between the quantitative and qualitative methods. This implies that the spring balance test may be an acceptable methodology for comparative analyses with respect to static friction.

关键词: pervious concrete     static coefficient of friction     pedestrian    

重新审视建筑物立面,将其作为基础设施 Perspective

Doris Sung

《工程(英文)》 2016年 第2卷 第1期   页码 63-68 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.008

摘要:

如城市里街道和人行道的坚硬表面一样,城市建筑物的水平或垂直表面也造成了世界范围内大城市气温的不断上升。但是,人们并没有采取任何改善措施,而是把建筑物立面看作为室内人员提供舒适环境的结构,并忽略其对室外产生的影响,或是把它当做其所有者可识别美感的象征。本文提出了将建筑物立面作为“户外行人福利管家”的反思,以及将公共健康作为建筑物立面附加功能的概念,该概念强调要考虑户外行人的利益和健康。如果把一个城市建筑物的全部表面积看做是城市基础设施的一部分,那么它的作用不仅是使室外的空间更加舒适、卫生、宜人,还要有助于缓解城市气温上升这一更大的问题。

关键词: 建筑物立面基础设施     公共行人舒适度     建筑物立面与公众健康    

考虑跟随行为的行人自组织运动仿真模型 Article

Zhilu YUAN, Hongfei JIA, Mingjun LIAO, Linfeng ZHANG, Yixiong FENG, Guangdong TIAN

《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第18卷 第8期   页码 1142-1150 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601592

摘要: 在本文中一种新的力学模型被引入到社会力模型中,用来仿真相向行人流中的跟随行为。这种跟随行为指的是行人通过接近同向行人以避免与反向行人冲突的行为。新的力学模型类似于一种引力模型,在建模过程中考虑了行人的视野范围、自身的运动状态、被跟随行人的运动状态等因素。我们利用新的力学模型对相向行人流进行了仿真,研究了跟随行为对渠化现象、行人间冲突以及双向通道通行效率的影响。仿真结果表明:跟随行为能促进渠化现象形成,并能起到缓解相向行人流拥堵的作用;跟随行为具有降低相向行人流冲突次数的作用,这种作用在入口流量较低时并不明显,但随着行人流量的升高而增强。跟随行为能够提高双向通道的通行效率,并且跟随行为的强度参数越大通道的通行效率越高。

关键词: 引力模型;相向行人流;社会力模型;渠化现象;自组织行为    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A Bayesian modeling approach to bi-directional pedestrian flows in carnival events

S. Q. XIE, S. C. WONG, William H. K. LAM

期刊论文

The Group Interaction Field for Learning and Explaining Pedestrian Anticipation

Xueyang Wang,Xuecheng Chen,Puhua Jiang,Haozhe Lin,Xiaoyun Yuan,Mengqi Ji,Yuchen Guo,Ruqi Huang,Lu Fang,

期刊论文

Presentation of regression analysis, GP and GMDH models to predict the pedestrian density in various

Iraj BARGEGOL; Seyed Mohsen HOSSEINIAN; Vahid NAJAFI MOGHADDAM GILANI; Mohammad NIKOOKAR; Alireza OROUEI

期刊论文

Research on pedestrian escape route without visibility based on Markov chain model

Xiaoping ZHENG, Lijuan DU, Hongjiang WANG,

期刊论文

基于混合强化学习的自动驾驶汽车行人避撞方法

李惠乾1,黄晋1,曹重1,杨殿阁1,钟志华2

期刊论文

Testing development of different surface treatments on pervious concrete

Mina YEKKALAR,Liv HASELBACH,Quinn LANGFITT

期刊论文

重新审视建筑物立面,将其作为基础设施

Doris Sung

期刊论文

考虑跟随行为的行人自组织运动仿真模型

Zhilu YUAN, Hongfei JIA, Mingjun LIAO, Linfeng ZHANG, Yixiong FENG, Guangdong TIAN

期刊论文