Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 23

会议视频 3

年份

2023 1

2022 4

2021 6

2019 2

2018 2

2017 1

2016 3

2014 5

2009 1

2008 1

展开︾

关键词

产业政策 3

政策法规 3

2035 1

二八格局 1

产业政策分析 1

产业集聚 1

体外诊断 1

信息化 1

公共信息平台 1

农业劳动生产率 1

农产品 1

分子诊断 1

利用率 1

北京市城乡 1

北斗卫星导航系统 1

区位熵 1

卫星导航产业 1

卫星导航；产业政策；创新生态系统；协同创新 1

发展战略 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Renewable energy resources, policies and gaps in BRICS countries and the global impact

Lakshmi PATHAK, Kavita SHAH

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 506-521 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0601-z

摘要： This paper presents comparative yet extensive analysis of existing non-conventional renewable resources, energy policies and gaps in BRICS countries. An intelligent transformation to green economy to maintain natural resources is noted. Brazil has stable energy policies and is the leading producer of biofuels following hydropower until 2014 but supported wind and solar power development by tendering specific tariffs for energy generation from solar and wind. Russia needs improvement in its legal and regulatory framework with more incentives in energy policies. China is improving upon wind and hydropower but it needs strong policy measures to put cap on increased CO emissions. India needs revision in energy policy and requires extra incentives and consumer specific energy policies for research-infrastructure and energy generation technologies. South Africa requires lessons to increase renewable energy and reduce coal mining. Moreover, BRICS countries need to redefine their energy policies based upon their existing geographical, economical, societal and environmental conditions which will help in shaping global energy policies and more financial stability. This paper recognizes the potential of BRICS to reshape the global system paralleled with minimizing CO emissions. The concerted role of BRICS needs to be recognized as the leading contributor of global renewable capacity where the developed world is geared and busy to address the environmental issues.

关键词： BRICS CO₂ emissions energy policies renewable

HTML PDF 收藏

Review on environmental policies in China: Evolvement, features, and evaluation

ZHANG Kunmin, WEN Zongguo, PENG Liying

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 129-141 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0044-6

摘要： This article reviews the development of current environmental policies in China and the great progress made during 1979–2006. Applying lessons learned from industrialized countries to its own situation, China’s environmental policies have the following main features: (1) to explore command and control measures to their fullest extent, (2) to strive to raise funding for environmental protection, (3) to identify who should take accountability for environmental protection; (4) to encourage strategies of “combination of prevention and control” and “integrated utilization”, (5) to embrace openness in the field of environmental policy and early international cooperation. During the past 30 years, China’s environmental policies have evolved and deepened: status expanded the national basic policies of environmental protection by adding a sustainable development strategy, focus changed from pollution control to a combination of pollution control and ecological protection, method changed from end control to source control, scope changed form point source control to watershed and territory pollution control, and management style changed from primarily using executive power to using legal and economic measures. This article introduces how they are evaluated by the international community and provides the prospects of the policies.

HTML PDF 收藏

An emerging market for groundwater remediation in China: Policies, statistics, and future outlook

Deyi Hou, Guanghe Li, Paul Nathanail

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1027-x

摘要： There is a rapidly emerging and potentially huge market for the remediation of contaminated groundwater in China. The Chinese government published a Water Action Plan in April 2015, a Soil Action Plan in May 2016, and a draft Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law in June 2017. All of these new policies and regulations put pressures on local governments and contaminated site owners, obliging them to conduct site investigation and to cleanup contaminated groundwater. The Chinese population in northern regions heavily depend on groundwater, with nearly 70% of water supply coming from aquifer sources in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. However, poor groundwater quality due to natural geochemical background and anthropogeic pollution is a serious concern, with poor or very poor quality water observed in nearly 80% of groundwater monitoring wells in 17 northern provinces. Shallow groundwater in many areas has been contaminated by toxic pollutants such as heavy metals and chlorinated organic compounds. There is an urgent need to better understand the situation and to conduct groundwater remediation at contaminated sites. The Chinese government is investing heavily in the research and development for groundwater remediation, which is expected to greatly add to the quality and quantity of groundwater remediation projects in the near future.

关键词： Groundwater pollution Contaminated land Groundwater remediation Emerging market

HTML PDF 收藏

An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism for

LI Wei,HU Mengze

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 316-328 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0625-5

摘要： Considering the significant roles of the policies in developing environmental finance, an overview is conducted on the environmental finance policies (EFPs) in China. This paper analyzed the definition, scope, evolution and main instruments of EFPs. The implementation progress of financial activities on each instrument are investigated respectively. Then the experiences learned from and failures discovered in the development of the EFPs are discussed well recommendations for further improvement of the EFPs and their implementation are provided. Our study found that the EFPs have been established in China after a four-phase evolution since the early 1980s. The policies have played a critical role in leading to a rapid development in environmental finance by involving more financial instruments to accomplish the objective-led environmental plans. Driven by the policies, the new green credit (GC), green security (GS), and green insurance (GI) instruments have been phased in as supplements to the conventional command and control approaches to improve the environmental governance of financial activities and pollution sources. However, the market mechanism of financial institution is limited due to their defensive and incapable performance on implementation some of EFP instruments. To further strengthen the effectiveness of EFPs in facilitating environmental management, recommendations are made mainly on the aspects including developing more specific policy guidelines, enhancing information sharing and disclosure, providing sufficient economic incentives, establishing environmental liabilities with financial activities, and involving issues related to climate change, and biodiversity and ecosystem service.

关键词： environmental finance policy integrated mechanism phased evolution implementation progress financial institution environmental management

HTML PDF 收藏

网络电子身份管理政策法规研究

邹翔,胡传平,方滨兴,陈兵

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第6期页码 23-27 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.06.005

摘要：

本文对世界主要国家和地区网络电子身份管理的政策、法律法规等情况进行了全面分析与梳理，并结合我国网络身份管理发展国情，提出“十三五”期间我国网络电子身份管理政策法规的发展思路和建设性意见，以期为“十三五”期间我国网络身份管理发展政策法规的制定和修订工作提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：网络电子身份身份管理政策法规

HTML PDF 收藏

POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR PROMOTING MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期

摘要：

• Manure utilization is hindered by separate specialist crop and livestock production systems.

• Improving manure utilization requires organizations for manure exchange.

• Policies and action plans for improving manure utilization are critically reviewed.

• A manure chain approach with third-party contractors is recommended.

Livestock numbers in China have more than tripled between 1980 and 2017. The increase in the number of intensive livestock production systems has created the challenges of decoupled crop and livestock systems, low utilization of manures in croplands, and subsequent environmental pollution. Correspondingly, the government has enacted a series of policies and regulations to increase the sustainability of livestock production. This paper reviews the objectives of these policies and regulations and their impacts on manure management. Since 2017 there have been two policy guides to speed up the appropriate use of manures, three action plans for increasing manure recycling, and one technical guide to calculate nutrient balances. Requirements of manure pollution control and recycling for improved environmental performance of livestock production systems were included in three revised environmental laws. Most recent survey data indicate that the utilization of livestock manures was 70% in 2017, including that used as fertilizer and/or for production of energy. The targets for manure utilization are 75% in 2020 and 90% in 2035. To achieve these targets and promote ‘green livestock production’, additional changes are needed including the use of third-party enterprises that facilitate manure exchange between farms and a more integrated manure nutrient management approach.

HTML PDF 收藏

中国乡村转型与政策：过去的经验与未来方向

黄季焜

《工程（英文）》 2022年第18卷第11期页码 21-26 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.011

HTML PDF 收藏

Electricity demand, GDP and employment: evidence from Italy

Cosimo MAGAZZINO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 31-40 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0296-8

摘要： This paper applies time series methodologies to examine the causal relationship among electricity demand, real per capita GDP and total labor force for Italy from 1970 to 2009. After a brief introduction, a survey of the economic literature on this issue is reported, before discussing the data and introducing the econometric techniques used. The results of estimation indicate that one cointegrating relationship exists among these variables. This equilibrium relation implies that, in the long-run, GDP and labor force are correlated negatively, as well as GDP and electricity. Moreover, there is a bi-directional Granger causality flow between real per capita GDP and electricity demand; while labor force does not Granger-cause neither real per capita GDP nor electricity demand. This implies that electricity demand and economic growth are jointly determined at the same time for the Italian case. The forecast error variance decomposition shows that forecast errors in real per capita GDP are mainly caused by the uncertainty in GDP itself, while forecast errors in labor force are mainly resulted from the labor force itself, although aggregate income and electricity are important, too.

关键词： energy policies electricity demand GDP labor force stationarity structural breaks cointegration causality Italy

HTML PDF 收藏

Influence of entrainer recycle for batch heteroazeotropic distillation

Laszlo Hegely, Peter Lang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 643-659 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1760-5

摘要：

Dehydration of isopropanol applying batch heteroazeotropic distillation with toluene as entrainer (E) is investigated. The composition of the feed is near to that of the isopropanol (A)-water (B) azeotrope. The effects of recycling the entrainer and the off-cut are studied by dynamic simulation with a professional flow-sheet simulator. Three consecutive batches (one production cycle) is studied. Both operational modes (Mode I: decantation after distillation and Mode II: decantation during distillation) are simulated. For Mode II, calculations are performed both for Strategy A (distillate from the aqueous (E-lean) phase only) and Strategy B (partial withdrawal of the organic (E-rich phase), as well). The E-rich phase, the final column hold-up and the off-cut (Mode II only) are recycled to the next batch. The influence of the following parameters are determined: quantity of entrainer, reflux ratios of the steps. The variations caused by the recycling in the 2^nd and 3^rd batches are also shown. The best results (lowest specific energy demand and highest recovery of A) are obtained by Mode II, Strategy A. Recycling increases the recovery, and drastically diminishes the entrainer consumption. However, it makes the production slower and decreases the quantity of fresh feed that can be processed.

关键词： batch distillation heteroazeotropic distillation operational policies off-cut recycle entrainer

HTML PDF 收藏

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness for Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings

Xing Wei,Han-ding Guo

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 341-347 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014060

摘要： The healthy and stable development of energy efficiencies in existing buildings cannot be separated from effective policy operation, and evaluating policy effectiveness contributes to scientifically-sound government decision-making. This paper creates an evaluation index system and a grey comprehensive evaluation model for policy effectiveness for energy efficiency in existing buildings using three dimensions: 1) the effect of the policy itself; 2) the administrative effect of the policy; and 3) policy implementation effects. It chooses the government’s subsidy policy and preferential tax policy at market cultivation stage for its empirical comparative evaluation. The evaluation indicates that the former is more effective. Finally, it puts forward policy development suggestions from the perspective of: 1) clarifying incentive object; 2) broadening incentive scope; 3) increasing incentive intensity; and 4) innovating incentive mode.

关键词： grey comprehensive evaluation existing buildings energy efficiency policies effectiveness

HTML PDF 收藏

POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR PROMOTING MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN CHINA

Sha WEI, Zhiping ZHU, Jing ZHAO, David R. CHADWICK, Hongmin DONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 45-57 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020369

摘要： Livestock numbers in China have more than tripled between 1980 and 2017. The increase in the number of intensive livestock production systems has created the challenges of decoupled crop and livestock systems, low utilization of manures in croplands, and subsequent environmental pollution. Correspondingly, the government has enacted a series of policies and regulations to increase the sustainability of livestock production. This paper reviews the objectives of these policies and regulations and their impacts on manure management. Since 2017 there have been two policy guides to speed up the appropriate use of manures, three action plans for increasing manure recycling, and one technical guide to calculate nutrient balances. Requirements of manure pollution control and recycling for improved environmental performance of livestock production systems were included in three revised environmental laws. Most recent survey data indicate that the utilization of livestock manures was 70% in 2017, including that used as fertilizer and/or for production of energy. The targets for manure utilization are 75% in 2020 and 90% in 2035. To achieve these targets and promote ‘green livestock production’, additional changes are needed including the use of third-party enterprises that facilitate manure exchange between farms and a more integrated manure nutrient management approach.

关键词： integrated crop and livestock production manure utilization policy recommendations sustainability third-party service contractors

HTML PDF 收藏

中国鲆鱼养殖的产业集聚：水平、原因及政策

韩振芳,杨正勇

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第9期页码 93-99

摘要：

本文以我国工业化水平相对较高的鲆鱼养殖业为研究对象，采用区位熵和空间基尼系数法，对2003―2012 年沿海地区鲆鱼养殖集聚程度进行了测算，结果表明我国鲆鱼养殖业表现出较明显的产业集聚特征，主要集聚于山东省和辽宁省。其中山东省集聚程度始终最高，但在逐步下降，辽宁省则逐步提升。研究指出：中国的鲆鱼养殖之所以出现产业集聚，尽管也有资源禀赋、需求拉动等因素影响，但技术创新和产业政策在其间发挥了尤其重要的作用；要继续推动鲆鲽类产业集群的发展，必须以产业政策为引导、以技术创新为重点，同时打造产业文化，创造市场需求，引领产业发展。

关键词：鲆鱼养殖产业集聚区位熵空间基尼系数技术创新产业政策

HTML PDF 收藏

碳中和目标下中国燃煤电厂碳捕集、利用与封存集群布局优化的激励政策研究

陈文会, 鲁玺, 雷涯邻, 陈建峰

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第12期页码 1692-1695 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.011

HTML PDF 收藏

保障我国草地生态与食物安全的战略和政策

“中国草地生态保障与食物安全战略研究”项目组

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第1期页码 8-16 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.002

摘要：

草地是我国面积最大的陆地生态系统，在保障国家生态安全、食物安全和弘扬中华草原文明中具有突出的战略地位。本文分析了我国草地资源、草地生态功能、生产力的现状和变动趋势及其主要的影响因素，阐述了目前和未来我国草地生态保障、草地生产力和草牧业发展面临的机遇、挑战和潜力。在以上内容分析的基础上，提出了我国保障草地生态安全和发展草牧业的战略目标、战略重点、关键措施和主要政策建议。

关键词：草地生态保障食物安全发展战略政策建议

HTML PDF 收藏

中国分子诊断产业战略研究

谢兰,刘冉,冯娟,邢婉丽,程京

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第2期页码 29-36 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.005

摘要：

分子诊断是个体化医学的重要组成部分，已成为体外诊断行业的主要增长动力。近年来，尽管我国的分子诊断市场规模较小，但增长迅速。本研究通过文献研究、专家研讨、实地考察等方式，对我国的分子诊断行业进行市场分析，研究我国分子诊断行业的现状及特点，理清该产业在创新、产业转化及相关政策法规上面临的机遇和挑战，提出克服现有管理体制制约的对策建议，对推动产业健康发展具有重要的意义。

关键词：分子诊断体外诊断市场分析政策法规生物芯片