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Analysis of the current situation of environmental policy of China and establishment of distributed environmentalpolicy framework

Chaoyang FU,Wangfeng LI

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 310-316 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0658-9

摘要: In this study, China’s current macro-environmental policies as well as their implementation and management tools are analyzed. By using the basic economic methodology, detailed studies are conducted focusing on the implementation effect of contemporary China’s typical environmental policy of the total pollutant discharge quantity control type, and also the two types of environmental management tools are compared from the perspective of implementation costs and policy uncertainty. By introduction of distributed management tools into the implementation of environmental policies, market-oriented means and the methods of economic analysis are introduced into environmental policy decision-making mechanisms, which could afford a new method for changing the current relatively low efficiency of environmental policy, solving the problem of “government failure” in environmental policy implementation, and providing a new way to make environmental policy system more flexible and more efficient. It is of great practical significance to solve China's current structural, complex and accumulative environmental problems.

关键词: environmental policy     distributed environment policy     distributed parameter model     lumped parameter model    

China’s policy framework for carbon capture, utilization and storage: Review, analysis, and outlook

《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 400-411 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0862-z

摘要: Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is estimated to contribute substantial CO2 emission reduction to carbon neutrality in China. There is yet a large gap between such enormous demand and the current capacity, and thus a sound enabling environment with sufficient policy support is imperative for CCUS development. This study reviewed 59 CCUS-related policy documents issued by the Chinese government as of July 2022, and found that a supporting policy framework for CCUS is taking embryonic form in China. More than ten departments of the central government have involved CCUS in their policies, of which the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), and the Ministry of Ecological Environment (MEE) have given the greatest attention with different focuses. Specific policy terms are further analyzed following the method of content analysis and categorized into supply-, environment- and demand-type policies. The results indicate that supply-type policies are unbalanced in policy objectives, as policy terms on technology research and demonstration greatly outnumber those on other objectives, and the attention to weak links and industrial sectors is far from sufficient. Environment-type policies, especially legislations, standards, and incentives, are inadequate in pertinence and operability. Demand-type policies are absent in the current policy system but is essential to drive the demand for the CCUS technology in domestic and foreign markets. To meet the reduction demand of China’s carbon neutral goal, policies need to be tailored according to needs of each specific technology and implemented in an orderly manner with well-balanced use on multiple objectives.

关键词: carbon capture     utilization     and storage (CCUS)     policy     content analysis     China    

Hierarchical methodological framework to improve Policy Environmental Assessment: Based on policy layer

Yinglie ZHOU, Cunkuan BAO,

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 82-90 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0004-9

摘要: This study explores the current implementation challenges of the Policy Environmental Assessment (PEA), including the implementation of a far richer, more diverse (at macro level), and better understanding of PEA and integration with decision making. The results contribute to the analysis of PEA through different hierarchies of assessment. Stemming from the theory and practice of policy, a concept of PEA hierarchies is proposed including the uppermost PEA, upper-lower PEA, and lowermost PEA. Afterward, the differences of the three hierarchies are interpreted, in terms of aims, principles, processes, and methods. The evaluation of the policy environmental impacts from different lens helps solve the complexities of policies and identify opportunities for improvement of PEA.

关键词: Policy Environmental Assessment (PEA)     policy hierarchy     PEA hierarchy     methodological framework    

Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

《医学前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 315-320 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0146-6

摘要: Research and evidence are critical for the formulation of policies and practices in support of health care. In the past two decades, the Chinese Clinical Epidemiology Network has been promoting evidence-based policy making in China. Evidence-based policy has become a major part of the government’s approach to policy making. The current article addresses the translation of evidence into health policies based on the expansion of evidence-based medicine in China. It also discusses the opportunities and challenges for certain evidence to be considered in policy making and practice in the future.

关键词: clinical epidemiology     evidence-based decision making     policy    

Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1423-5

摘要: Single-use plastics are often used once or cannot be reused for extended periods. They are widely consumed with the rapid development of social economy. The waste generated by single-use plastics threatens ecosystem health by entering the environment and ultimately restricts sustainable human development. The innovation of sustainable and environmentally friendly single-use plastic alternative materials and the joint participation of governments, enterprises and the public are promising technologies and management approaches that can solve the problem of single-use plastics wastes. The development of single-use plastic alternative products can be promoted fundamentally only by improving relevant legislation and standards, providing differentiated industrial policies, encouraging scientific and technological innovation and expanding public participation.

关键词: Single-use plastic alternatives     Policy     Regulation     Sustainable development    

Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation

Leslie G. FIRBANK

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 81-89 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019291

摘要:

The sustainable intensification of agriculture involves providing sufficient food and other ecosystem services without going beyond the limits of the earth’s system. Here a project management approach is suggested to help guide agricultural policy to deliver these objectives. The first step is to agree measurable outcomes, integrating formal policy goals with the often much less formal and much more diverse goals of individual farmers. The second step is to assess current performance. Ideally, this will involve the use of farm-scale metrics that can feed into process models that address social and environmental domains as well as production issues that can be benchmarked and upscaled to landscape and country. Some policy goals can be delivered by supporting ad hoc interventions, while others require the redesign of the farming system. A pipeline of research, knowledge and capacity building is needed to ensure the continuous increase in farm performance. System models can help prioritise policy interventions. Formal optimization of land use is only appropriate if the policy goals are clear, and the constraints understood. In practice, the best approach may depend on the scale of action that is required, and on the amount of resource and infrastructure available to generate, implement and manage policy.

关键词: agricultural policy     ecosystem services     indicators of sustainable intensification     knowledge exchange     land use optimization    

Agriculture Green Development in China and the UK: common objectives and converging policy pathways

Yuelai LU, David NORSE, David POWLSON

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 98-105 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019298

摘要:

This paper has three aims. First, to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holistic green development pathways. Second, to explore the policy objectives they have in common. Third, to assess the numerous opportunities for joint research and knowledge sharing through the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network and other existing institutional mechanisms. The intensification of agricultural production in the UK started several decades earlier than in China as did the negative environmental consequences of the farm practices. However, their strategies and policies for sustainable intensification and green development have much in common. These are set out in two main documents: the Chinese State Council guidelines for green agriculture and the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 25 Year Environment Plan. There are substantial mutual advantages from greater collaboration on problem identification and monitoring; the development of appropriate technological and management responses and the formulation of sound policies. To achieve this potential, it is recommended that further thought be given to how best to bring together all of the key stakeholders along the whole food chain.

关键词: Agriculture Green Development     China     policy     UK    

GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 268-280 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023495

摘要:

● An expert survey highlighted the most effective strategies for GHG and ammonia mitigation.

关键词: agriculture     ammonia     greenhouse gas     mitigation     net zero    

支持新能源发展的财税政策研究

魏向杰

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第3期   页码 67-74

摘要:

财税政策是促进新能源发展的一种重要政策手段。美国等发达国家在利用财税政策支持新能源发展方面积累了丰富经验。我国开发利用新能源的时间较短,相关财税政策尚不完善,因此需要借鉴国外有益经验,进一步健全新能源财税政策体系,促进新能源发展。

关键词: 新能源;财政政策;税收政策    

New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 570-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0552-5

摘要:

China recently instituted a two-child policy in response to its aging population, declining workforce and demographic dividend, and the need to develop asocial economy. Additionally, women generally delay having a second child because of the overwhelming pressure in their lives. With the improvements in assisted fertility technologies in recent years, the number of elderly women attempting to bear children has increased. The quality of woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm declined dramatically with increasing age, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications among older women. Therefore, the types of fertility problems experienced by elderly females must be provided with considerable attention by obstetricians. This commentary article focuses on the medical problems faced by older second-child pregnant women. This work discusses their increased rates of infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and hypertensive disorders, which complicate pregnancy.

关键词: two-child policy     birth defects     cesarean delivery     placenta previa    

Bridging science, technology and policy in emerging contaminants control

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1665-5

CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN CHINA: THE HISTORY OF STATE POLICY GOALS, REFORM

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 518-529 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023525

摘要:

This paper examines the historical evolution of crop-livestock integration in China with a specific focus on its role in mitigating non-point source pollution. Extensive examination of existing literature has unearthed the roots of crop-livestock integration dating back to the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 to 771 BCE), ultimately culminating in a multifaceted and intricately interwoven system of rural development policies seen in contemporary China. This paper identifies and characterizes four distinct stages in the historical trajectory of crop-livestock integration: the era of self-sufficient subsistence production in traditional times (1046 BCE to 1948); the period where crop-livestock integration emerged as a pivotal strategy for augmenting grain and meat production under collectivist policies (1949‒1977); the phase marked by the industrialization and expansion of the livestock sector during the early years of economic reforms (1978‒2011); and the present era in which crop-livestock integration is harnessed as a mechanism for pollution control and ecological preservation in contemporary China (2012 to present). This paper illuminates the diverse contributions of crop-livestock integration in different epochs of rural development within China, which contributes to a nuanced and more theoretically grounded comprehension of circular agriculture. This understanding has the potential to be leveraged to promote sustainable rural development in broader contexts.

关键词: crop-livestock integration     non-point source pollution control     nutrient cycling     policy intervention     sustainable development    

Policy entry points for facilitating a transition towards a low-carbon electricity future

《工程管理前沿(英文)》   页码 462-472 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0214-4

摘要: This study extends the ambit of the debate on electricity transition by specifically identifying possible policy entry points through which transformative and enduring changes can be made in the electricity and socio–economic systems to facilitate the transition process. Guided by the “essence” of the multi-level perspective — a prominent framework for the study of energy transition, four such entry points have been identified: 1) destabilising the dominant, fossil fuel-based electricity regime to create room for renewable technologies to break through; 2) reconfiguring the electricity regime, which encompasses technology, short-term operational practices and long-term planning processes, to improve flexibility for accommodating large outputs from variable renewable sources whilst maintaining supply security; 3) addressing the impact of coal power phase-out on coal mining regions in terms of economic development and jobs; and 4) facilitating a shift in transition governance towards a learning-based, reflexive process. Specific areas for policy interventions within each of these entry points have also been discussed in the paper.

关键词: electricity transition     multi-level perspective     policy entry points    

Quantitative research of incentive effects of heat-metering policy on energy-saving behavior in Tianjin

Jihong LING,Haitao MA,HuiZhu YU,Jincheng XING

《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0332-8

摘要: To promote energy efficiency and emission reduction, the Chinese government has invested large amounts of resources in heat-metering reform over the past decade. However, heat-metering, which can reduce energy consumption by 15% at least in developed countries, is still not well known in China. This paper quantitatively analyzed the arousal effect of heat-metering policy on occupancy behavior regarding energy saving utilizing statistics method based on measured data of heating energy consumption of approximately 20000 users from 2008 to 2012 in Tianjin. The statistical data showed significant difference on energy consumption between users based on metering and based on area. The energy-saving rate in the heating season increased significantly from 4.11% in 2008–2009 to 10.27% in 2011–2012 as the implement of the heat-metering policy. The difference in energy-saving according to various outdoor temperatures showed that the energy-saving of occupancy behavior was more significant in a warm season than in a cold season. It also showed that the impact of heat-metering policy would be more pronounced in generally insulated buildings (15.55%) than in better insulated units (6.45%). Besides, this paper proposed some feasible suggestions for the formulation and implementation of heat-metering policy in northern heating areas of China.

关键词: heat-metering     occupancy behavior     heating energy consumption     policy    

Expert networks as science-policy interlocutors in the implementation of a monitoring reporting and verification

Remi CHANDRAN, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Minoru FUJII, Shuichi ASHINA, Kei GOMI, Rizaldi BOER, Muhammad ARDIANSYAH, Seiya MAKI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 376-388 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0559-x

摘要:

The Paris Agreement, which entered into effect in 2016, emphasizes a definite timeline for communicating and maintaining successive nationally determined contributions (NDCs) that it plans to achieve in addressing climate change. This calls for the development of a measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) system and a Capacity-building Initiative for Transparency (CBIT). Though such actions are universally accepted by the Parties to the Paris Agreement, earlier studies have shown that there remain technological, social, political and financial constrains which will affect the development and deployment of such a system. In this paper, using a case study on MRV implementation in Bogor City in Indonesia, how the above-mentioned challenges can be overcome is outlined through a technological and policy innovation process where scientists and technologists (collectively referred as expert networks) can join hands with local governments and national policy makers in designing, development and implementation of an MRV system that meets the local, national and global requirements. Through the case study it is further observed that expert networks can act as interactive knowledge generators and policy interlocutors in bridging technology with policy. To be specific, first, a brief history of the international context of MRV and CBIT is outlined. Next, the theoretical underpinning of the study is contextualized within the existing theories related to public policy and international relations. Finally, the case study is outlined and investigated where the engagement of an expert-network and policy makers in the design, development and implementation of an MRV tool is showcased.

关键词: MRV     CBIT     UNFCCC     Indonesia     Japan     ICT based monitoring     climate policy    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis of the current situation of environmental policy of China and establishment of distributed environmentalpolicy framework

Chaoyang FU,Wangfeng LI

期刊论文

China’s policy framework for carbon capture, utilization and storage: Review, analysis, and outlook

期刊论文

Hierarchical methodological framework to improve Policy Environmental Assessment: Based on policy layer

Yinglie ZHOU, Cunkuan BAO,

期刊论文

Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

期刊论文

Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives

期刊论文

Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation

Leslie G. FIRBANK

期刊论文

Agriculture Green Development in China and the UK: common objectives and converging policy pathways

Yuelai LU, David NORSE, David POWLSON

期刊论文

GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

期刊论文

支持新能源发展的财税政策研究

魏向杰

期刊论文

New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

null

期刊论文

Bridging science, technology and policy in emerging contaminants control

期刊论文

CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN CHINA: THE HISTORY OF STATE POLICY GOALS, REFORM

期刊论文

Policy entry points for facilitating a transition towards a low-carbon electricity future

期刊论文

Quantitative research of incentive effects of heat-metering policy on energy-saving behavior in Tianjin

Jihong LING,Haitao MA,HuiZhu YU,Jincheng XING

期刊论文

Expert networks as science-policy interlocutors in the implementation of a monitoring reporting and verification

Remi CHANDRAN, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Minoru FUJII, Shuichi ASHINA, Kei GOMI, Rizaldi BOER, Muhammad ARDIANSYAH, Seiya MAKI

期刊论文