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Postnatal feeding with high-fat diet induces obesity and precocious puberty in C57BL/6J mouse pups: a

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 266-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0530-y

摘要：

Childhood obesity and obesity-related metabolic complications are induced by a high-fat postnatal diet. The lack of a suitable animal model, however, remains a considerable challenge in obesity studies. In the current study, we provided high-fat diet (HFD) to dams during lactation and to pups after weaning. We also developed a novel model of C57BL/6J mouse pups with HFD-induced postnatal obesity. Results showed that feeding with HFD induces fat deposition and obesity in pups. Furthermore, HFD more potently increased the body weight (BW) of male than female pups. HFD-fed female pups were obese, underwent precocious puberty, and showed increased kisspeptin expression in the hypothalamus. However, parental obesity and precocious puberty exerted no synergistic effects on the HFD-induced postnatal weight gain and puberty onset of the pups. Interestingly, some HFD-fed litters with normal BW also exhibited precocious puberty. This finding suggested that diet composition but not BW triggers puberty onset. Our model suggests good construction validity of obesity and precocious puberty. Furthermore, our model can also be used to explore the mutual interactions between diet–induced postnatal childhood obesity and puberty.

关键词： postnatal HFD feeding obesity kisspeptin HPG axis precocious puberty

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北京市剖宫产育龄妇女产后避孕意愿分析

沈洁,高丽丽,潘迎

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第5期页码 16-19

摘要：

为了了解北京市剖宫产术后妇女的避孕意愿及其影响因素，在北京市城、近、郊区采用分层整群抽样方法随机抽取2011 年7 月—2011 年12 月期间接受剖宫产手术的产妇364 名，进行问卷调查。采用卡方检验和多因素Logistic 回归方法对问卷调查结果进行分析。结果显示，被调查妇女平均年龄为（31±4.53）岁，剖宫产术后计划恢复性生活时间中位数为7 周。96.43 %的妇女对于产后可以采用的避孕方法并不清楚。仅有27.74 %的妇女表示产后会尽早或立即采取避孕措施，避孕套是妇女首选的产后避孕方法，占75.27 %。72.25 %的妇女没有避孕计划或要等到产后3 个月才开始避孕。62.64 %的妇女在剖宫产术后接受了避孕指导，医生推荐的产后避孕方法中避孕套占首位。医生强调剖宫产术后避孕的重要性、妇女具备正确产后避孕知识是妇女剖宫产术后尽早开始避孕的保护因素。剖宫产妇女对产后避孕服务有较高需求，希望在产前保健或产后访视时能得到专业人员的产后避孕咨询指导。剖宫产术后再次妊娠存在健康风险，剖宫产妇女产后尽早落实避孕措施应引起高度关注。建议尽快针对剖宫产妇女开展产后避孕服务，摸索适合北京的服务模式，以满足需求，减少产后非意愿妊娠的发生，降低剖宫产术后人工流产的风险。

关键词：育龄妇女剖宫产术后产后服务避孕

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Developmental expression of CAPON and Dexras1 in spinal cord of rats

LI Xin, CHENG Chun, CHEN Mengling, GAO Shangfeng, ZHAO Jian, NIU Shuqiong, SHEN Aiguo

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 75-81 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0014-1

摘要： To study the expression of the carboxy-terminal PSD-95/DLG/ZO-1 ligand of nNOS (CAPON) and Dexras1 mRNA during development in the spinal cord of rats, real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR), as a quantitative method, was used to study the developmental expression of CAPON and Dexras1 mRNA level in the spinal cord. The spatial expression of CAPON and Dexras1 mRNA was examined by a combination of hybridization (ISH) and immunofluorescence. During the development of the spinal cord, CAPON mRNA was expressed in low levels from embryo day 14 to day 18. At postnatal day 1, it reached the peak and was expressed in the part which will become the dorsal horn when mature. It then decreased gradually until postnatal week 12, when it presented in the ventral horn. At embryo day 14, Dexras1 mRNA was expressed at low levels, increased during embryo day 16 to day 18 and peaked at postnatal day 1. Spatiotemporal expression of Dexras1 mRNA was similar to CAPON as confirmed by correlation analysis and colocalization. CAPON and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was expressed within the same cells of the dorsal horn at postnatal day 1 but had different subcellular localizations. Co-expression of CAPON and Dexras1 mRNA in myeloid tissue during development process of rat indicates that the adaptor protein, CAPON may play a probable role in differentiation of neurons, synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis by regulating nNOS to activate Dexras1.

关键词： CAPON ISH differentiation postnatal different subcellular