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果蔬益生菌发酵技术及其产业化发展趋势 Review

关倩倩, 熊涛, 谢明勇

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第2期页码 212-218 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.018

摘要：

本文简要介绍了现代人慢性疾病与肠道健康的关系，指出肠道菌群失调和膳食纤维摄入不足是慢性疾病发生的两大重要诱因。本文重点对益生菌发酵果蔬的研究现状、本团队在该领域取得的主要创新性成果以及相关产业未来发展趋势进行了综述。将益生菌发酵技术引入果蔬精深加工领域，开发益生菌发酵果蔬全新系列产品，不仅可以提高果蔬的附加值，还可将益生菌及其活性代谢产物与益生元（膳食纤维等）有机结合起来，对改善肠道健康、预防和缓解慢性疾病具有重要作用。果蔬益生菌发酵技术为益生菌影响人体健康的研究开辟了新思路，将为益生菌应用和果蔬加工新兴产业带来革命性影响，具有很大的市场潜力。

关键词：益生菌发酵果蔬人体健康慢性疾病预防

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Screening of potential aquatic probiotics from the major microflora of guppies (

Aparna BALAKRISHNA, T. R. KEERTHI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 163-173 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1283-4

摘要： The fish ( ) was used as the source for probiotics. 46 bacterial isolates were obtained from the skin, gills, guts and intestines of the guppy, (collected from a government model fish farm in Kottayam, India). Of the above isolated strains, four isolates were selected based on their inhibitory spectrum against five indicator strains, 1739, 3906, 2495, 1271 and 1424 (standard cultures collected from Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC) Chandigarh, India). Among the resulting isolates, two were gram-positive cocci, namely MBTU-PB2 and MBTU-PB3 and belong to the genus . The other two were gram-negative rods, namely MBTU-PB1 and MBTU-PB4, of the genera and , respectively. The basic probiotic characteristics of these isolates such as the production of bacteriocin like inhibitory substances (BLIS), antibiotic sensitivities and growth profiles were also determined. The above four isolated strains exhibited different antagonisms than the five indicator strains. During incubation, the antibacterial activity gradually increased in the inhibition zone and was influenced by the lag period ( ) and doubling time. The lag periods for most of the four selected strains were shorter than those of the indicator strains and the isolates had different growth rates ( ) than the indicator strains. All four isolates produced BLIS, however, the strains had different BLIS activities against the indicator strains. Treatment of the neutralized cell free supernatants of the selected isolates with proteases eliminated or reduced the BLIS activity, suggesting a proteinaceous nature of the inhibitory compounds. Further, the optimum BLIS activity was observed at neutral pH after 18 h of incubation. The antibiotic sensitivity assay revealed that the isolates were susceptible to routinely used antibiotics, whereas the plasmid profiles showed that the plasmids had no role in the antagonistic properties of the four isolated strains. The results showed that the isolates could be a promising source for biocontrol agents in aquacultures.

关键词： aquaculture normal flora immunomodulatory effect probiotic antagonistic principle bacteriocin like inhibitory substances

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益生菌辅助治疗类风湿关节炎的益处：随机对照临床试验荟萃分析和系统综述 Article

潘胡丹, 李润泽, 李婷, 王俊, 刘良

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第1期页码 115-121 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.006

摘要：

肠道和口腔菌群是影响类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis, 简称类风关) 发生、发展的重要因素。近年来的研究表明益生菌可改善实验性大鼠关节炎，但益生菌辅助治疗类风关的临床疗效尚未定论。本研究旨在对益生菌辅助治疗类风关的研究报告进行荟萃分析，为益生菌辅助治疗类风关提供临床证据。我们将符合随机对照临床试验标准的文献报告纳入荟萃分析内容，分益生菌辅助治疗组(治疗组) 和非益生菌辅助治疗组(对照组) 进行比较，两者均使用缓解风湿病情药物(DMARDs)。采用Review Manager 5.3.3 对6 个随机对照临床试验报告共246 例患者进行荟萃分析，结果表明，治疗组与对照组在关节炎病情缓解指数ACR20 和DAS28 评分方面的差异无显著意义，但益生菌辅助治疗能显著降低C 反应蛋白、致炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子–α 和白介素–1β 的表达，同时使IL-10的表达上升。通过对益生菌治疗类风关的综合作用进行系统评估，我们发现益生菌辅助治疗类风关是有益的。但是，目前缺乏高质量的临床试验报告，需要开展更多的多中心、大样本、双盲、随机对照临床试验。

关键词：类风湿关节炎临床试验益生菌辅助系统综述荟萃分析

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Mechanistic and therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the gut microbiota

Ruiting Han, Junli Ma, Houkai Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第6期页码 645-657 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0645-9

摘要： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common metabolic diseases currently in the context of obesity worldwide, which contains a spectrum of chronic liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic carcinoma. In addition to the classical “Two-hit” theory, NAFLD has been recognized as a typical gut microbiota-related disease because of the intricate role of gut microbiota in maintaining human health and disease formation. Moreover, gut microbiota is even regarded as a “metabolic organ” that play complementary roles to that of liver in many aspects. The mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-mediated development of NAFLD include modulation of host energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and bile acid and choline metabolism. As a result, gut microbiota have been emerging as a novel therapeutic target for NAFLD by manipulating it in various ways, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and herbal components. In this review, we summarized the most recent advances in gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, as well as gut microbiota-targeted therapies on NAFLD.

关键词： gut microbiota NAFLD obesity insulin resistance bile acids probiotic