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智能制造 4

复杂系统 3

2021全球十大工程成就 2

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Resiliency of steel and composite structures

Roberto T. LEON,Yu GAO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 239-253 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0349-7

摘要： This paper is divided into two parts. The first part addresses the resiliency and sustainability of steel and composite structures from a fundamental standpoint, and it is intended as an introduction to the other six papers that form part of this issue related to resiliency of steel structural systems in seismic areas. The paper posits the idea that resiliency is a characteristic that embodies sustainability rather than the traditional opposite point of view. The second part of the paper is divided into two sections, with the first section describing a number of retrofit technologies with recentering characteristics that have been developed for small, seismically deficient buildings in developing countries. The second section describes an innovative connection between circular concrete filled tubes and conventional beams with reduced flange sections consisting of steel and shape memory alloy bars and end plates. The connection has partial restraint behavior and strong recentering properties. This connection is used to demonstrate that some creative thinking can lead to innovative ways of addressing issues related to robustness, resiliency and sustainability of steel structures.

关键词： steel structures resiliency sustainability recentering systems shape memory alloys

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Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 492-502 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0172-2

摘要： This study provides a systematic overview of the advent and evolution of reliability systems engineering (RSE) in China, and the latest RSE development, that is, model-based RSE (MBRSE), is emphatically introduced. The establishment of the system architecture and conceptual models of MBRSE is first described. The fundamental theory and methodology of MBRSE are then elaborated, with a V-model as the core of this approach. The development of various MBRSE platforms and the effectiveness of their implementation over the past 30 years are presented. The prospective trends in the development of RSE in China are outlined.

关键词： reliability effectiveness model-based systems engineering reliability systems engineering

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Floating production storage and offloading systems’ cost and motion performance: A systems thinking application

Rini NISHANTH, Andrew WHYTE, V. John KURIAN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 357-368 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018022

摘要：

Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units increasingly represent a practical and economic means for deep-water oil extraction and production. Systems thinking gives a unique opportunity to seek a balance between FPSO technical performance(s), with whole-cost; stakeholder decision-making is charged to align different fit-for-use design specification options’ that address technical-motion(s), with respective life-cycle cost analyses (LCCA). Soft system methodology allows situation based analyses over set periods-of-time by diagnosing the problem-at-hand; namely, assessing the antecedents of life-cycle cost relative to FPSO sub-component design alternatives. Alternative mooring- component comparisons for either new-build hulls or refurbished hulls represent an initial necessary consideration to facilitate extraction, production and storage of deep-water oil reserves. Coupled dynamic analysis has been performed to generate FPSO motion in six degrees of freedom using SESAM DeepC, while life-cycle cost analysis (LCAA) studies give net-present-value comparisons reflective of market conditions. A parametric study has been conducted by varying wave heights from 4 – 8 m to understand FPSO motion behavior in the presence of wind and current, as well as comparing the motions of turreted versus spread mooring design alternatives. LCCA data has been generated to compare the cost of such different mooring options/hull conditions over 10 and 25-year periods. Systems thinking has been used to explain the interaction of problem variables; resultantly this paper is able to identify explicit factors affecting the choice of FPSO configurations in terms of motion and whole-cost, toward assisting significantly with the front-end engineering design (FEED) phase of fit-for-purpose configured FPSOs, in waters off Malaysia and Australia.

关键词： FPSO LCCA spread/turret-mooring DeepC cost motion soft-systems

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TRANSFORMING CHINESE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE: A SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 4-15 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023493

摘要：

● The goals of Chinese food and agriculture have shifted from grain self-sufficiency to diversified goals, including protecting natural resources, reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, and improving food safety and nutrition.

关键词： food systems food security nutrition climate change

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TRANSFORMATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS: HOW CAN IT BE FINANCED?

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 109-123 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023483

摘要：

● The analysis of financing for the transformation of food systems requires first a consideration of costs.

关键词： financial markets food systems development financing consumer expenditures public budgets Sustainable Development Goals

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Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第3期页码 504-508 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0220-6

关键词： carbon neutrality power systems electrification renewable energy

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The Twenty Third International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences (μTAS

会议日期： 2019年10月27日

会议地点：瑞士/巴塞尔城市

主办单位： Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Applying an Integrated Systems Perspective to the Management of Engineering Projects

Simon P. Philbin

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 19-30 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015004

摘要： Engineering projects can be subject to significant complexity, which may result in a number of issues and challenges that need to be addressed throughout the project life-cycle. Traditionally projects have been viewed according to the so called “iron triangle,” i. e., achievement of project milestones according to schedule, cost and quality targets. While these targets are fundamentally important to the performance of engineering projects, it is possible to view projects on a systemic level in order to allow an adequate focus on all the underpinning factors that have the potential to influence the performance of projects. Consequently, a management framework has been developed that is based on an integrated systems perspective of engineering projects, where the performance of projects is a function of six contributing sub-systems that are: process, technology, resources, knowledge, culture and impact.

关键词： integrated systems perspective engineering projects management

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FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023491

摘要： FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

关键词： TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS FOOD CONCEPTS MECHANISMS

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Application of metal oxides-based nanofluids in PV/T systems: a review

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 397-428 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0758-8

摘要： Having the wide application of metal oxides in energy technologies, in recent years, many researchers tried to increase the performance of the PV/T system by using metal oxide-based nanofluids (NFs) as coolants or optical filters or both at the same time. This paper summarizes recent research activities on various metal oxides (Al₂O₃, TiO₂, SiO₂, Fe₃O₄, CuO, ZnO, MgO)-based NFs performance in the PV/T system regarding different significant parameters, e.g., thermal conductivity, volume fraction, mass flowrate, electrical, thermal and overall efficiency, etc. By conducting a comparative study among the metal oxide-based NFs, Al₂O₃/SiO₂-water NFs are mostly used to achieve maximum performance. The Al₂O₃-water NF has a prominent heat transfer feature with a maximum electrical efficiency of 17%, and a maximum temperature reduction of PV module of up to 36.9°C can be achieved by using the Al₂O₃-water NF as a coolant. Additionally, studies suggest that the PV cell’s efficiency of up to 30% can be enhanced by using a solar tracking system. Besides, TiO₂-water NFs have been proved to have the highest thermal efficiency of 86% in the PV/T system, but TiO₂ nanoparticles could be hazardous for human health. As a spectral filter, SiO₂-water NF at a size of 5 nm and a volume fraction of 2% seems to be very favorable for PV/T systems. Studies show that the combined use of NFs as coolants and spectral filters in the PV/T system could provide a higher overall efficiency at a cheaper rate. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of using NFs in PV/T systems are also discussed.

关键词： metal oxide nanofluids (NFs) nanoparticles (NPs) optical filter PV/T systems solar energy

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Multiscale process systems engineering—analysis and design of chemical and energy systems from molecular

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 137-140 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2135-x

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REINTEGRATION OF CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期

摘要：

• ICLS combines the benefits of specialization with increased resilience of the system.

• Clear opportunities but also barriers for ICLS were observed.

• ICLS need to be embedded within future environmental legislation.

• ICLS systems with a range of intensities are needed to support a biodiverse landscape.

Ongoing specialization of crop and livestock systems provides socioeconomic benefits to the farmer but has led to greater externalization of environmental costs when compared to mixed farming systems. Better integration of crop and livestock systems offers great potential to rebalance the economic and environmental trade-offs in both systems. The aims of this study were to analyze changes in farm structure and review and evaluate the potential for reintegrating specialized intensive crop and livestock systems, with specific emphasis on identifying the co-benefits and barriers to reintegration. Historically, animals were essential to recycle nutrients in the farming system but this became less important with the availability of synthetic fertilisers. Although mixed farm systems can be economically attractive, benefits of scale combined with socio-economic factors have resulted in on-farm and regional specialization with negative environmental impacts. Reintegration is therefore needed to reduce nutrient surpluses at farm, regional and national levels, and to improve soil quality in intensive cropping systems. Reintegration offers practical and cost-effective options to widen crop rotations and promotes the use of organic inputs and associated benefits, reducing dependency on synthetic fertilisers, biocides and manure processing costs. Circular agriculture goes beyond manure management and requires adaptation of both food production and consumption patterns, matching local capacity to produce with food demand. Consequently, feed transport, greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient surpluses and nutrient losses to the environment can be reduced. It is concluded that reintegration of specialized farms within a region can provide benefits to farmers but may also lead to further intensification of land use. New approaches within a food system context offer alternatives for reintegration, but require strong policy incentives which show clear, tangible and lasting benefits for farmers, the environment and the wider community.

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Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Principles, design, and future trends

Yoram KOREN, Xi GU, Weihong GUO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第2期页码 121-136 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0483-0

摘要：

Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs), which possess the advantages of both dedicated serial lines and flexible manufacturing systems, were introduced in the mid-1990s to address the challenges initiated by globalization. The principal goal of an RMS is to enhance the responsiveness of manufacturing systems to unforeseen changes in product demand. RMSs are cost-effective because they boost productivity, and increase the lifetime of the manufacturing system. Because of the many streams in which a product may be produced on an RMS, maintaining product precision in an RMS is a challenge. But the experience with RMS in the last 20 years indicates that product quality can be definitely maintained by inserting in-line inspection stations. In this paper, we formulate the design and operational principles for RMSs, and provide a state-of-the-art review of the design and operations methodologies of RMSs according to these principles. Finally, we propose future research directions, and deliberate on how recent intelligent manufacturing technologies may advance the design and operations of RMSs.

关键词： reconfigurable manufacturing systems responsiveness intelligent manufacturing

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Machine learning for fault diagnosis of high-speed train traction systems: A review

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0256-2

摘要： High-speed trains (HSTs) have the advantages of comfort, efficiency, and convenience and have gradually become the mainstream means of transportation. As the operating scale of HSTs continues to increase, ensuring their safety and reliability has become more imperative. As the core component of HST, the reliability of the traction system has a substantially influence on the train. During the long-term operation of HSTs, the core components of the traction system will inevitably experience different degrees of performance degradation and cause various failures, thus threatening the running safety of the train. Therefore, performing fault monitoring and diagnosis on the traction system of the HST is necessary. In recent years, machine learning has been widely used in various pattern recognition tasks and has demonstrated an excellent performance in traction system fault diagnosis. Machine learning has made considerably advancements in traction system fault diagnosis; however, a comprehensive systematic review is still lacking in this field. This paper primarily aims to review the research and application of machine learning in the field of traction system fault diagnosis and assumes the future development blueprint. First, the structure and function of the HST traction system are briefly introduced. Then, the research and application of machine learning in traction system fault diagnosis are comprehensively and systematically reviewed. Finally, the challenges for accurate fault diagnosis under actual operating conditions are revealed, and the future research trends of machine learning in traction systems are discussed.

关键词： high-speed train traction systems machine learning fault diagnosis

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Rethinking the tendering frameworks of construction contractors in the context of a soft systems methodology

Stephen URQUHART, Andrew WHYTE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 369-380 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018019

摘要：

Limited research has been conducted on the internal tendering procedures (ITP) of construction contractors because of the commercially sensitive and confidential nature of the subject matter. This limitation explains the reluctance of contractors to undergo interviews. Existing research (outside bid/no-bid and margin decision factor identification and subsequent decision modeling development) only begins to provide insights into key tendering stages, particularly around risk assessments and corporate review processes. Early research suggested one to three review stages. However, when considering the whole work procurement process from prospect identification to contract execution, five to seven series of reviews can be arguably applied by some contractors, wherein some reviews stepped through several layers of internal senior management. Tendering processes were presented as flowchart models that traditionally follow “hard” system (rectangular shapes and straight line arrows) steps, which suggest that a precise process also leads to precise results. However, given that contractors do not win every tender they submit, the process is less precise than that suggested in rigidly structured flowcharts. Twenty-five detailed semi-structured interviews were held with purposely selected high-profile publicly and privately owned construction companies in Australia with significantly varied turnovers. Analyses show that contractors are concerned about the negative effects of increasing corporate governance demands, with many stating that people involved are the most critical element to tendering success. A new way of presenting the ITP of contractors is assessed using a soft systems methodology (SSM) approach. SSM offers an alternative way of considering human interaction challenges within the ITP of contractors, which needs to be tested with the industry. The format graphics of SSM guidelines are presented as a way of offering contractors a different approach, which may assist individuals who are looking to re-structure their tendering activities in a more humanistic and less rigid procedural approach.

关键词： contractor corporate governance humanistic risk soft systems methodology tendering procedures