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Water-level based discrete integrated dynamic control to regulate the flow for sewer-WWTP operation

Zhengsheng Lu, Moran Wang, Mingkai Zhang, Ji Li, Ying Xu, Hanchang Shi, Yanchen Liu, Xia Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1222-4

摘要： A model-free sewer-WWTP integrated control was proposed. A dynamic discrete control based on the water level was developed. The approach could improve the sewer operation against flow fluctuation. The approach could increase transport capacity and enhance pump efficiency. This study aims to propose a multi-point integrated real-time control method based on discrete dynamic water level variations, which can be realized only based on the programmable logic controller (PLC) system without using a complex mathematical model. A discretized water level control model was developed to conduct the real-time control based on data-automation. It combines the upstream pumping stations and the downstream influent pumping systems of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The discretized water level control method can regulate dynamic wastewater pumping flow of pumps following the dynamic water level variation in the sewer system. This control method has been successfully applied in practical integrated operations of sewer-WWTP following the sensitive flow disturbances of the sewer system. The operational results showed that the control method could provide a more stabilized regulate pumping flow for treatment process; it can also reduce the occurrence risk of combined sewer overflow (CSO) during heavy rainfall events by increasing transport capacity of pumping station and influent flow in WWTP, which takes full advantage of storage space in the sewer system.

关键词： Sewer system Integrated control Discrete control Water level

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“Composition” and regularisation of architectural production in contemporary China

Hua LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 465-473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0097-z

摘要： The purpose of this paper is to explore how the “Beaux-Arts” “composition” sustained the constitution of design principles for architectural production in China in the last two decades of the twentieth century. “Composition”, a key technique of the “Beaux-Arts” system, is not a simple act of “putting elements together” into a unified whole, but also relates to an array of different “constructions” of architectural knowledge which regulate and sustain the act of design. Through analysing the structure of three “textbooks” published in the early 1980s, this paper examines three aspects of the “constructions”: the setting up of the principles for governing architectural forms, regularisation of design methods and approaches for architectural practice, and the construction of a “tradition” for the expression of “Chineseness”.

关键词： composition “Beaux-Arts” regulate architectural production

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Netrin-1 works with UNC5B to regulate angiogenesis in diabetic kidney disease

Xiaojing Jiao, Dong Zhang, Quan Hong, Lei Yan, Qiuxia Han, Fengmin Shao, Guangyan Cai, Xiangmei Chen, Hanyu Zhu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 293-304 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0715-7

摘要： Netrin-1, an axon guidance factor, and its receptor UNC5B play important roles in axonal development and angiogenesis. This study examined netrin-1 and UNC5B expression in kidneys with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and investigated their roles in angiogenesis. Netrin-1 and UNC5B were upregulated in streptozotocin-induced DKD Wistar rats, and their expression was compared with that in healthy controls. However, exogenous netrin-1 in UNC5B-depleted human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) inhibited cell migration and tubulogenesis. This effect was likely associated with SRC pathway deactivation. Netrin-1 treatment also eliminated the pro-angiogenic effects of exogenous VEGF-165 on UNC5B-silenced HRGECs. These results indicate that UNC5B antagonizes netrin-1 and that UNC5B upregulation contributes partly to enhancing angiogenesis in DKD. Therefore, introducing exogenous netrin-1 and depleting endogenous UNC5B are potential strategies for reducing the incidence of early angiogenesis and mitigating kidney injury in DKD.

关键词： netrin-1 VEGF-165 UNC5B angiogenesis diabetic kidney disease

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引海水冲刷河口治理黄河下游

林秉南,周建军,张仁

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第4期页码 25-33

摘要：

提出引海水5000～1 500m³/s在利津注入黄河冲刷河口。冲刷后，在利津将产生3.3～7.9m的水面跌差，可制止黄河河口延伸的溯源淤积作用上延，并诱发其上游产生溯源冲刷。估计可使艾山以下河道得到冲深。因挟沙海水的密度大于渤海环境水体的密度，咸浑水进入渤海时可形成异重流，将泥沙输去远方；而且断流期间河口还可能蚀退；因此引海水流量足够时，可使河口不外延或外延缓慢。从长远看，河口侵蚀基准面得到降低后，可以使黄河下游的淤积面均得到降低。这对缓解黄河下游河道持续淤高的局面和减少河口改道的风险都是有利的。

黄河下游额定冲沙水占黄河水资源总量很大比例，大量抽取淡水会增加下游的淤积。引海水冲刷河口，可以增加河口地区从黄河抽取淡水的数量。这样抽取的淡水是冲沙水的一部分，不受用水分配额度的限制，对河口地区的发展具有重要意义。引海水冲刷口门段，可向渤海注入大量咸浑水、有利于改进渤海的环境生态条件。当然，引海水冲刷时须解决河道和引海水渠道的咸水外渗问题。

关键词：引海水冲刷黄河下游悬河水资源利用