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River restoration challenges with a specific view on hydromorphology

Jianhua LI, Stephan HOERBINGER, Clemens WEISSTEINER, Lingmin PENG, Hans Peter RAUCH

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 1033-1038 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0665-9

Trajectory planning and base attitude restoration of dual-arm free-floating space robot by enhanced bidirectional

Zongwu XIE1 , Xiaoyu ZHAO1 , Zainan JIANG1 , Haitao YANG2 , Chongyang LI1

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0658-y

摘要: When free-floating space robots perform space tasks, the satellite base attitude is disturbed by the dynamic coupling. The disturbance of the base orientation may affect the communication between the space robot and the control center on earth. In this paper, the enhanced bidirectional approach is proposed to plan the manipulator trajectory and eliminate the final base attitude variation. A novel acceleration level state equation for the nonholonomic problem is proposed, and a new intermediate variable-based Lyapunov function is derived and solved for smooth joint trajectory and restorable base trajectories. In the method, the state equation is first proposed for dual-arm robots with and without end constraints, and the system stability is analyzed to obtain the system input. The input modification further increases the system stability and simplifies the calculation complexity. Simulations are carried out in the end, and the proposed method is validated in minimizing final base attitude change and trajectory smoothness. Moreover, the minute internal force during the coordinated operation and the considerable computing efficiency increases the feasibility of the method during space tasks.

关键词: free-floating space robot     dual arm     coordinated operation     base attitude restoration     bidirectional approach    

Restoration of hyper-eutrophic water with a modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant

Jinzhong LI, Xueju LI, Shujuan SUN, Xuegong LIU, Suiliang HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 573-584 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0363-x

摘要: A modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant bed (CSPB) which can be used to restore the eutrophic water is introduced in this paper. This plant bed helps hydrophyte grow under poor conditions such as frequently changed water depth, impaired water transparency, algae bloom and substantial duckweed in summer, which are not naturally suitable for growing hydrophyte. This pilot study in Waihuan River of Tianjin, China, revealed that reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) by the use of CSPB could be reached 30%–35%, 35%–40%, 30%–40% respectively in the growing season (from March to October) and 5%–10%, 5%–15%, 7%–20% respectively in the winter (from November to February) when the detention time was 6 d. The relationships between the concentration of COD, TN, TP and the detention time fit the first-order kinetic equation well and the coefficients of determination ( ) were all above 0.9. The attenuation coefficients k of the kinetic equation were a function of the water temperature. When the water temperature was quite low or quite high, was not significantly changed with increasing or decreasing water temperature. While when the temperature was in a moderate range, an increase or decrease of water temperature would lead to a rapid increase or decrease in .

关键词: modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant bed     water purification     eco-restoration techniques     aquatic plants     eutrophication    

长江经济带水安全保障与水生态修复策略研究

胡春宏,张双虎

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期   页码 166-175 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.018

摘要:

“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”是推动长江经济带高质量发展的战略导向,长江大保护要抓主要问题、采取针对性的措施策略。本文系统分析了长江经济带面临的主要水安全与水生态保护修复问题:防洪安全形势依然严峻、水生动物适宜生境萎缩严重且多样性降低、长江与通江湖泊关系失调。研究提出了针对性的水安全保障措施与水生态修复策略:一是加快重要蓄滞洪区的安全工程建设,修订《长江流域防洪规划》,提高防洪保安能力;二是在长江上游支流替代生境建设,在长江中下游实施部分原通江湖泊的恢复连通并扩大水库生态调度范围,修复受损生态系统;三是实施洞庭湖北部四口水系综合整治,在鄱阳湖出口建闸并进行调控,科学改善江湖关系。

关键词: 长江经济带     水安全保障     水生态修复     防洪安全     生态重建     江湖关系    

华北地区生态保护与恢复的水资源效应研究

孙思琦,陈永喆,王聪,胡庆芳,吕一河

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期   页码 97-106 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.012

摘要:

近年来,华北地区实施了一系列生态保护与恢复工程,植被生态状况发生了显著变化;探究区域植被恢复对水循环过程及水资源供需平衡的影响,对于完善生态恢复策略、实现区域水资源可持续利用十分重要。本文采用皮尔逊相关系数和莫兰指数,结合多源水参量数据进行综合性分析,阐释了植被和不同水参量的时空变化情况,甄别了植被保育与恢复下的水资源变化响应,进而探讨了华北地区水资源与植被恢复的权衡关系。研究结果表明,华北地区的生态保护与恢复工程成效显著,植被净初级生产力的增速约为恢复工程区外的2.3 倍;植被的扩张与蒸散量表现出空间与时间上的强相关性;植被恢复引起的蒸散量提高是引起水储量赤字或显著降低的主要原因。为此建议,华北地区可完善生态恢复策略,在植被保育与恢复过程中考虑水资源的限制作用;以自然恢复方式为主,促进生态恢复的可持续性、水资源的可利用性。

关键词: 华北地区;生态恢复工程;蒸散发;水储量;植被净初级生产力;自然恢复    

Application of endoscopic techniques in orbital blowout fractures

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 328-332 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0271-5

摘要:

Minimally invasive surgical techniques, particularly endoscopic techniques, have revolutionized otolaryngeal surgery. Endoscopic techniques have been gradually applied in orbital surgery through the sinus inferomedial to the orbit and the orbital subperiosteal space. Endoscopic techniques help surgeons observe fractures and soft tissue of the posterior orbit to precisely place implants and protect vital structures through accurate, safe, and minimally invasive approaches. We reviewed the development of endoscopic techniques, the composition of endoscopic systems for orbital surgery, and the problems and developmental prospects of endoscopic techniques for simple orbital wall fracture repair.

关键词: orbital fractures     endoscope     restoration     surgery    

Eutrophication status and control strategy of Taihu Lake

ZHANG Limin, XIA Minfang, ZHANG Lei, WANG Chun, LU Jilai

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 280-290 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0062-4

摘要: The water quality and eutrophication status of Taihu Lake in recent years are presented and the pollution trends are analyzed. It is shown that because of unreasonable industrial structures, pollution discharge per GDP is high within the Taihu basin, and the pollution discharge from point and non-point sources exceed the basin’s environmental carrying capacity. Especially, excessive pollutants containing nitrogen and phosphorus are being discharged. Moreover, eutrophication may also result from internal pollution sources such as the release of nutrient elements from sediment. All these factors have resulted in the water quality deterioration of Taihu Lake. To solve this environmental problem, possible control strategies are summarized, including the control of internal pollution sources and inflow-river pollution, ecological restoration and reconstruction of the degraded lakeside zone ecosystem, clean water diversion, dredging, and manual algae removal.

关键词: eutrophication     GDP     capacity     reconstruction     ecological restoration    

自上而下和自下而上相结合提高大规模生态修复规划的实用性和效率——来自社会-生态系统的启示 Article

Zhaowei Ding, Hua Zheng, Jun Wang, Patrick O´Connor, Cong Li, Xiaodong Chen, Ruonan Li, Zhiyun Ouyang

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第31卷 第12期   页码 50-58 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.008

摘要:

Ecological restoration policies and their implementation are influenced by ecological and socioeconomic drivers. Top-down approach-based spatial planning, emphasizing hierarchical control within government structures, and without a comprehensive consideration of social–ecological interactions may result in implementation failure and low efficiency. Although many researchers have indicated the necessity to engage social–ecological interactions between stakeholders in effective planning processes, socioeconomic drivers of ecological restoration on a large scale are difficult to quantify because of data scarcity and knowledge limitations. Here, we established a new ecological restoration planning approach linking a social–ecological system framework to large-scale ecological restoration planning. The new spatial planning approach integrates bottom-up approaches targeting stakeholder interests and provides social considerations for stakeholder behavior analysis. Based on this approach, a meta-analysis is introduced to recognize key socioeconomic and social–ecological factors influencing large-scale ecological restoration implementation, and a stochastic model is constructed to analyze the impact of socioeconomic drivers on the behavior of authorities and participants on a large scale. We used the Yangtze River Basin-based Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program (CCFP), one of the largest payments for ecosystem service programs worldwide, to quantify the socioeconomic impacts of large-scale ecological restoration programs. Current CCFP planning without socioeconomic considerations failed to achieve large-scale program goals and showed low investment efficiency, with 19.71% of the implemented area reconverting to cropland after contract expiry. In contrast, spatial matching between planned and actual restoration increased from 61.55% to 81.86% when socioeconomic drivers were included. In addition, compared to that with the current CCFP implementation, the cost effectiveness of spatial planning with social considerations improved by 46.94%. Thus, spatial optimization planning that integrates both top-down and bottom-up approaches can result in more practical and effective ecological restoration than top-down approaches alone. Our new approach incorporates socioeconomic factors into large-scale ecological restoration planning with high practicality and efficiency.

关键词: Social-ecological system     Ecological restoration     Top-down approach     Bottom-up approach    

湖滨带生态修复研究进展

柴培宏,代嫣然,梁威,成水平,吴振斌,吴振斌

《中国工程科学》 2010年 第12卷 第6期   页码 32-35

摘要:

介绍了湖滨带的定义和功能,阐述了湖滨带生态系统恢复的不同阶段及管理方法,并对国内外的研究概况和发展趋势进行了综述和展望。

关键词: 湖滨带     生态恢复     研究进展     展望    

A CASE FOR ASSESSING ALLOCASUARINA AND CASUARINA SPP. FOR USE IN AGROECOSYSTEM IMPROVEMENT IN SEMI-ARID AREAS WITH A FOCUS ON CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKEY

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 568-582 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2019270

摘要:

Agroecosystems in water-limited contexts— Mediterranean, semi-arid and arid climatic zones—are too frequently degraded systems that will not provide the needed ecosystem services to ensure a future of sustainable agricultural production. The processes that have created this situation continue and are being accelerated by anthropogenic climate change. Increasing arboreal vegetation in these areas through agroforestry is an important strategy to conserve and improve their agroecosystems. Actinorhizal trees and shrubs in the Casurinaceae have a unique set of adaptations for heat and water stress, and/or infertile to hostile soils. Central Anatolia, Turkey is particularly at risk of increasing aridity and further degradation. Therefore, species of Allocasuarina and Casuarina have been evaluated for their potential use in agroecosystem improvement in semi-arid areas with a focus on Central Anatolia. Based on a semiquantitative environmental tolerance index and reported plant stature, eight species were identified as being of high (Averticillata and Cpauper) to moderate (AacutivalvisAdecaisneanaAdielsianaAhuegelianaCcristata and Cobesa) priority for assessment, with none of these species having been adequately evaluated for agroforestry deployment in semi-arid agroecosystems in any context.

 

关键词: actinorrhizal trees / agroforestry / climate change / ecosystem restoration    

A case for assessing

Ian T. RILEY

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 568-582 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019270

摘要: Agroecosystems in water-limited contexts— Mediterranean, semi-arid and arid climatic zones—are too frequently degraded systems that will not provide the needed ecosystem services to ensure a future of sustainable agricultural production. The processes that have created this situation continue and are being accelerated by anthropogenic climate change. Increasing arboreal vegetation in these areas through agroforestry is an important strategy to conserve and improve their agroecosystems. Actinorhizal trees and shrubs in the Casurinaceae have a unique set of adaptations for heat and water stress, and/or infertile to hostile soils. Central Anatolia, Turkey is particularly at risk of increasing aridity and further degradation. Therefore, species of and have been evaluated for their potential use in agroecosystem improvement in semi-arid areas with a focus on Central Anatolia. Based on a semiquantitative environmental tolerance index and reported plant stature, eight species were identified as being of high ( . and . ) to moderate ( . , . , . , . , . and . ) priority for assessment, with none of these species having been adequately evaluated for agroforestry deployment in semi-arid agroecosystems in any context.

关键词: actinorrhizal trees     agroforestry     climate change     ecosystem restoration    

A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for species

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1741-x

摘要:

Spartina abundance decreases over time by chemical control.

关键词: Plant invasion     Biodiversity     Meta-analysis     Restoration     Salt marshes     Treatment timing    

in Vegetation Greenness, Productivity, and Rainfall Use Efficiency Are Characteristic of Ecological Restoration

Yang Yu,Ting Hua,Liding Chen,Zhiqiang Zhang,Paulo Pereira,

《工程(英文)》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.07.012

摘要: Globally, vegetation has been changing dramatically. The vegetation–water dynamic is key to understanding ecosystem structure and functioning in water-limited ecosystems. Continual satellite monitoring has detected global vegetation greening. However, a greenness increase does not mean that ecosystem functions increase. The intricate interplays resulting from the relationships between vegetation and precipitation must be more adequately comprehended. In this study, satellite data, for example, leaf area index (LAI), net primary production (NPP) and rainfall use efficiency (RUE), were used to quantify vegetation dynamics and their relationship with rainfall in different reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). A sequential regression method was used to detect trends of NPP sensitivity to rainfall. The results showed that 34.53% of the YRB exhibited a significant greening trend since 2000. Among them, 20.54%, 53.37%, and 16.73% of upper, middle, and lower reach areas showed a significant positive trend, respectively. NPP showed a similar trend to LAI in the YRB upper, middle, and lower reaches. A notable difference was noted in the distributions and trends of RUE across the upper, middle, and lower reaches. Moreover, there were significant trends in vegetation–rainfall sensitivity in 16.86% of the YRB’s middle reaches—14.08% showed negative trends and 2.78% positive trends. A total of 8.41% of the YRB exhibited a marked increase in LAI, NPP, and RUE. Subsequently, strategic locations reliant on the correlation between vegetation and rainfall were identified and designated for restoration planning purposes to propose future ecological restoration efforts. Our analysis indicates that the middle reach of the YRB exhibited the most significant variation in vegetation greenness and productivity. The present study underscores the significance of examining the correlation between vegetation and rainfall within the context of the high-quality development strategy of the YRB. The outcomes of our analysis and the proposed ecological restoration framework can provide decision-makers with valuable insights for executing rational basin pattern optimization and sustainable management.

关键词: Vegetation greenness     Vegetation productivity     Rainfall use efficiency     Sensitivity     Yellow River Basin    

Grassland ecology in China: perspectives and challenges

Deli WANG, Ling WANG, Jushan LIU, Hui ZHU, Zhiwei ZHONG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第5卷 第1期   页码 24-43 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018205

摘要: During the last few decades, there have been an increasing number of studies on grassland ecology in China, involving the classic ecology concepts or theories and the applicable ecological principles of grassland conservation or management. This paper reviews the main progress in the following aspects. (1) Research on grassland species adaptation and resistance, population dynamics and foraging behavior, and biodiversity and community stability. (2) Research on managed grassland ecosystems (grassland grazing ecology) including grazing effects on grassland ecosystem function and foraging behavior by large herbivores. (3) Global climate change and grassland processes and functioning. (4) Applied research on grassland restoration and ecosystem health assessments such as vegetation restoration, restoration of ecosystem functioning, and assessment methods. There have been significant advances in grassland ecology, including the functions of ecosystem biodiversity, the ecological stoichiometry mechanisms affecting grassland community stability, grazing regulation of plant diversity and nutrient cycling. Grassland ecologists have succeeded in making these advances through observational, experimental and theoretical studies. Nevertheless, there are still significant challenges for the grassland ecology research, including understanding of grassland spatial processes, grassland grazing and multi-functionality, integrated effects of global climate change across grassland areas, as well as the ecological methodology and experimental techniques in grassland ecology.

关键词: biodiversity     climate change     China     grazing     meadow     restoration     steppe    

Start-up of PN-anammox system under low inoculation quantity and its restoration after low-loading rate

Guoliang Zhang, Liang Zhang, Xiaoyu Han, Shujun Zhang, Yongzhen Peng

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1324-z

摘要: Abstract • PN-A was start-up under low inoculation amount and a higher NRR was achieved. • PN-anammox system was successfully restored by aggressive sludge discharge. • Increase in granular sludge was the important factor to rapid recovery. • Enrichment of AOB and AnAOB in granular sludge favors the stable operation. Partial nitritation (PN)-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a promising pathway for the biological treatment of wastewater. However, the destruction of the system caused by excessive accumulation of nitrate in long-term operation remains a challenge. In this study, PN-anammox was initialized with low inoculation quantity in an air-lift reactor. The nitrogen removal rate of 0.71 kgN/(m3·d) was obtained, which was far higher than the seed sludge (0.3 kgN/(m3·d)). Thereafter, excess nitrate build-up was observed under low-loading conditions, and recovery strategies for the PN-anammox system were investigated. Experimental results suggest that increasing the nitrogen loading rate as well as the concentration of free ammonium failed to effectively suppress the nitrite oxidation bacteria (NOB) after the PN-anammox system was disrupted. Afterwards, effluent back-flow was added into the reactor to control the up-flow velocity. As a result, an aggressive discharge of sludge that promoted the synergetic growth of functional bacteria was achieved, leading to the successful restoration of the PN-anammox system. The partial nitritation and anammox activity were in balance, and an increase in nitrogen removal rate up to 1.07 kgN/(m3·d) was obtained with a nitrogen removal efficiency of 82.4% after recovery. Besides, the proportion of granular sludge (over 200 mm) increased from 33.67% to 82.82%. Ammonium oxidation bacteria (AOB) along with anammox bacteria were enriched in the granular sludge during the recovery period, which was crucial for the recovery and stable operation of the PN-anammox system.

关键词: PN-anammox     Granular sludge     Excess nitrate build-up     Recovery strategy for partial nitrification     Aggressive discharge of sludge    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

River restoration challenges with a specific view on hydromorphology

Jianhua LI, Stephan HOERBINGER, Clemens WEISSTEINER, Lingmin PENG, Hans Peter RAUCH

期刊论文

Trajectory planning and base attitude restoration of dual-arm free-floating space robot by enhanced bidirectional

Zongwu XIE1 , Xiaoyu ZHAO1 , Zainan JIANG1 , Haitao YANG2 , Chongyang LI1

期刊论文

Restoration of hyper-eutrophic water with a modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant

Jinzhong LI, Xueju LI, Shujuan SUN, Xuegong LIU, Suiliang HUANG

期刊论文

长江经济带水安全保障与水生态修复策略研究

胡春宏,张双虎

期刊论文

华北地区生态保护与恢复的水资源效应研究

孙思琦,陈永喆,王聪,胡庆芳,吕一河

期刊论文

Application of endoscopic techniques in orbital blowout fractures

null

期刊论文

Eutrophication status and control strategy of Taihu Lake

ZHANG Limin, XIA Minfang, ZHANG Lei, WANG Chun, LU Jilai

期刊论文

自上而下和自下而上相结合提高大规模生态修复规划的实用性和效率——来自社会-生态系统的启示

Zhaowei Ding, Hua Zheng, Jun Wang, Patrick O´Connor, Cong Li, Xiaodong Chen, Ruonan Li, Zhiyun Ouyang

期刊论文

湖滨带生态修复研究进展

柴培宏,代嫣然,梁威,成水平,吴振斌,吴振斌

期刊论文

A CASE FOR ASSESSING ALLOCASUARINA AND CASUARINA SPP. FOR USE IN AGROECOSYSTEM IMPROVEMENT IN SEMI-ARID AREAS WITH A FOCUS ON CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKEY

期刊论文

A case for assessing

Ian T. RILEY

期刊论文

A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for species

期刊论文

in Vegetation Greenness, Productivity, and Rainfall Use Efficiency Are Characteristic of Ecological Restoration

Yang Yu,Ting Hua,Liding Chen,Zhiqiang Zhang,Paulo Pereira,

期刊论文

Grassland ecology in China: perspectives and challenges

Deli WANG, Ling WANG, Jushan LIU, Hui ZHU, Zhiwei ZHONG

期刊论文

Start-up of PN-anammox system under low inoculation quantity and its restoration after low-loading rate

Guoliang Zhang, Liang Zhang, Xiaoyu Han, Shujun Zhang, Yongzhen Peng

期刊论文