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Regulating surface chemistry of separator with LiF for advanced Li-S batteries

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第4期页码 601-606 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0759-7

摘要： Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted intensive attention owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density. Nevertheless, the practical application of Li-S batteries is prevented by uncontrollable shuttle effect and retarded reaction kinetics. To address the above issues, lithium fluoride (LiF) was employed to regulate the surface chemistry of routine separator. The functional separator demonstrates a great ability to suppress active S loss and protect lithium anode. This work provides a facile strategy for the development of advanced Li-S batteries.

关键词： Li-S batteries LiF functional separator

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Experimental investigation on oil-gas separator of air-conditioning systems

Dianbo XIN,Shuliang HUANG,Song YIN,Yuping DENG,Wenqiang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 411-416 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0447-9

摘要： The oil-return system plays an important role in the variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems because it ensures the reliable operation of the VRF systems. The oil-gas separator is the most essential component of the oil-return system, and the separation efficiency of the separator directly influences the performance of the VRF systems. Therefore, in this paper, a test rig was built to measure the oil discharge ratio of the compressor and the separation efficiency of the oil-gas separator. A sound velocity transducer was used to measure the oil mass concentration instantaneously, because the sound velocity was changed with the mass ratio of oil to refrigerant. The separation efficiency of the separator could be obtained by comparing the mass fraction of oil to refrigerant before and after the separator was connected to the system.

关键词： variable refrigerant flow system oil-gas separator separation efficiency

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Modeling the gas flow in a cyclone separator at different temperature and pressure

Gujun WAN, Guogang SUN, Cuizhi GAO, Ruiqian DONG, Ying ZHENG, Mingxian SHI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 498-505 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0502-0

摘要： The gas flow field in a cyclone separator, operated within a temperature range of 293 K – 1373 K and a pressure range of 0.1 – 6.5 MPa, has been simulated using a modified Reynolds-stress model (RSM) on commercial software platform FLUENT 6.1. The computational results show that the temperature and pressure significantly influence the gas velocity vectors, especially on their tangential component, in the cyclone. The tangential velocity decreases with an increase in temperature and increases with an increase in pressure. This tendency of the decrease or increase, however, reduces gradually when the temperature is above 1000 K or the pressure goes beyond 1.0 MPa. The temperature and pressure have a relatively weak influence on the axial velocity profiles. The outer downward flow rate increases with a temperature increase, whereas it decreases with a pressure increase. The centripetal radial velocity is strong in the region of 0 – 0.25 below the vortex finder entrance, which is named as a short-cut flow zone in this study. Based on the simulation results, a set of correlations was developed to calculate the combined effects of temperature and pressure on the tangential velocity, the downward flow rate in the cyclone and the centripetal radial velocity in the short-cut flow region underneath the vortex finder.

关键词： cyclone separator high temperature high pressure flow field numerical simulation

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Using crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol polymer membrane as a separator in the microbial fuel cell

Yanping HOU, Kaiming LI, Haiping LUO, Guangli LIU, Renduo ZHANG, Bangyu QIN, Shanshan CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 137-143 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0534-z

摘要： Separator between anode and cathode is an essential part of the microbial fuel cell (MFC) and its property could significantly influence the system performance. In this study we used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer membrane crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) as a new separator for the MFC. The highest power density of 759±4 mW·m was obtained when MFC using the PVA membrane crosslinked with 15% of SSA due to its desirable proton conductivity (5.16 × 10 S·cm ). The power density significantly increased to 1106±30?mW·m with a separator-electrode-assembly configuration, which was comparable with glass fiber (1170±46?mW·m ). The coulombic efficiencies of the MFCs with crosslinked PVA membranes ranged from 36.3% to 45.7% at a fix external resistance of 1000 ?. The crosslinked PVA membrane could be a promising alternative to separator materials for constructing practical MFC system.

关键词： microbial fuel cell crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane separator material power generation coulombic efficiency

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Aggravation of membrane fouling and methane leakage by a three-phase separator in an external anaerobic

Chao Pang, Chunhua He, Zhenhu Hu, Shoujun Yuan, Wei Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1131-6

摘要：

The existence of three-phase separator did not affect COD removal in the EAnCMBR.

The existence of three-phase separator aggravated methane leakage of EAnCMBR.

The existence of three-phase separator aggravated membrane fouling rate of EAnCMBR.

Start-up of EAnCMBR equipped three-phase separator was slightly delayed.

关键词： Anaerobic membrane bioreactor Three-phase separator Membrane fouling Methane leakage Sludge property

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Gas-solids separation model of a novel FCC riser terminator device: super short quick separator (SSQS

LU Chunxi, LI Ruxin, SHI Mingxian, LIU Xiancheng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 462-467 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0068-2

摘要： The gas flow field and the separation efficiency of a novel fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) riser terminal device, named as Super Short Quick Separator (SSQS), were studied. On the basis of above investigations, a section-lateral-mixing separation model was proposed, which included both the effect of inertia and structure of gas outlet on particles capture. After final modification, the results predicted with this model could be in good agreement with the cold experimental data. According to this model, the separation efficiency of SSQS is mainly influenced by the difference between the arc radius and the center pipe radius as well as the magnitude of particle tangential velocity.

关键词： catalytic cracking separation efficiency tangential velocity agreement magnitude

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Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator

Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 386-397 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0156-8

摘要： By performing gas flow field numerical simulations for several inlet Reynolds numbers (from 2 × 10 to 9 × 10 ) and byflow ratios (from 10% to 20%), the present study has proposed to improve the flow passage of an inlet particle separator. An adjacent objective of the study is to lower pressure losses of the inlet particle separator (IPS). No particle has been included in the gas flow for a -epsilon turbulence model. The velocity distribution in different sections and the pressure coefficient along the duct have been analyzed, which indicates that there exist important low-velocity regions and vortices in the separation area. Therefore, the profile of streamlines along the original passage has been considered. This profile illustrated a vacuum region in the same area. All investigations suggest that the separation area is the most critical one for fulfilling the objective on pressure losses limitation. Then the flow passage improvement method has focused on the separation area. An improved shape has been designed in order to suit smoothly to the streamlines in this region. Similar numerical studies as those for the original shape have been conducted on this improved shape, confirming some considerable enhancements compared with the original shape. The significant vortices which appear in the original shape reduce in amount and size. Besides, pressure losses are greatly decreased in both outlets (up to 30% for high Reynolds number) and the flow is uniform at the main outlet. Subsequent engineering surveys could rely on expressions obtained for in both outlets which extend the pressure losses for a wide range of inlet Reynolds numbers. As a result, the numerical calculations demonstrate that the flow passage improvement method applied in this study has succeeded in designing a shape which enhances the flow behavior.

关键词： streamlines pressure losses flow passage improvement inlet particle separator (IPS)

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Polysulfone and zirconia composite separators for alkaline water electrolysis

Li XU, Wei LI, Yan YOU, Shaoxing ZHANG, Yingchun ZHAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 154-161 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1331-8

摘要： The novel composite separators composed of polysulfone and zirconia were prepared by phase inversion precipitation technique. This technique allows pre-evaporation time and extraction temperature to be varied in order to obtain optimal performances of the separators. In order to evaluate practical applicability of those composite separators, a small-scale electrolysis experimental apparatus was used to investigate the changes of cell voltage, gas purity and separator stability. The results revealed a decreased cell voltage compared to the conventional asbestos separators, and the gas purity and separator stability met the requirements for industrial use.

关键词： phase inversion separator alkaline water electrolysis mechanical and chemical stability

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The influence of manufacturing parameters and adding support layer on the properties of Zirfon

Li XU,Yue YU,Wei LI,Yan YOU,Wei XU,Shaoxing ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 295-305 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1433-y

摘要： The composite separator comprising of polysulfone and zirconia was prepared by phase inversion precipitation technique. The influence of manufacturing parameters on its properties was investigated, and the results show that the manufacturing parameters affect the ionic resistance and maximum pore size significantly. A modified composite separator with a support layer was prepared to enhance the tensile strength of separator. By adding support layer, the tensile strength of the separator increases from 1.85 MPa to 13.66 MPa. In order to evaluate the practical applicability of the composite separator, a small-scale industrial electrolytic experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of cell voltage, gas purity and separator stability. The results show that the modified composite separator has a smaller cell voltage and a higher H purity than the asbestos separator, and are promising material for industrial hydrogen production.

关键词： separator alkaline water electrolysis manufacturing parameters support layer

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A comparative study on polypropylene separators coated with different inorganic materials for lithium-ion batteries

Linghui Yu, Jiansong Miao, Yi Jin, Jerry Y.S. Lin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 346-352 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1648-9

摘要： Coating commercial porous polyolefin separators with inorganic materials can improve the thermal stability of the polyolefin separators and hence improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries. Several different inorganic materials have been studied for the coating. However, there lacks a study on how different inorganic materials affect the properties of separators, in terms of thermal stability and cell performance. Herein, we present such a study on coating a commercial polypropylene separator with four inorganic materials, i.e., Al O , SiO , ZrO and zeolite. All inorganic coatings have improved thermal stability of the separators although with differences. The coating layers add 28%–45% of electrical resistance compared with the pure polypropylene separator, but all the cells prepared with the coated polypropylene separators have the same electrical chemical performance as the uncoated separator in terms of rate capability and capacities at different temperatures.

关键词： lithium-ion battery battery safety composite separator porosity tortuosity

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钠超离子导体型固体电解质的改性及其在钠离子电池中的应用 Article

张强强, 周权, 陆雅翔, 邵元骏, 戚钰若, 戚兴国, 钟贵明, 杨勇, 陈立泉, 胡勇胜

《工程（英文）》 2022年第8卷第1期页码 170-180 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.028

摘要：

固体电解质的低离子电导率及固体电解质与固态电极之间较差的界面可靠性是阻碍固态钠电池（SSSB）应用的两大紧迫挑战。本文采用简单的两步固相法合成了名义成分为Na_3+2xZr_2‒xMg_xSi₂PO₁₂ 的钠（Na）超离子导体（NASICON）型固体电解质，其中在25 ℃时Na_3.3Zr_1.85Mg_0.15Si₂PO₁₂（x=0.15, NZSP-Mg_0.15)表现出了3.54 mS∙cm^‒1的最高离子电导率。通过深入研究，本文证实晶界成分在决定NASICON总离子电导率中起着至关重要的作用。此外，由于文献中缺乏关于NASICON是否能够提供足够的阳极电化学稳定性来实现高压固态钠电池的研究，我们首先使用了高压Na₃(VOPO₄)₂F (NVOPF)正极来验证其与优化后的NZSP-Mg_0.15固体电解质之间的兼容性。通过比较不同配置（低压阴极与高压阴极、液态电解质与固体电解质）电池的电化学性能，以及对循环后的NZSP-Mg_0.15进行X射线光电子能谱（XPS）评估，结果表明，NASICON固体电解质在高电压下不够稳定，这证明了研究NASICON固体电解质和高压阴极之间界面的重要性。此外，通过将NZSP-Mg_0.15 NASICON 粉末涂在聚乙烯（PE）隔膜（PE@NASICON）上，形成了2.42 A∙h 的碳|PE@NASICON|NaNi_2/9Cu_1/9Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ 非水系钠离子电池，其具有出色的循环性能，在2000 周循环后容量保持率为88%，从而证明涂有NASICON型固体电解质的隔膜具有高可靠性。