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Effect of triethylamine treatment of titanium silicalite-1 on propylene epoxidation

Juan XU,Yaquan WANG,Wenping FENG,Yi LIN,Shuhai WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 478-487 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1453-7

摘要： Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1) treated with triethylamine (TEA) solution under different conditions was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum (UV-Vis), nitrogen physical adsorption and desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results show that many irregular hollows are generated in the TS-1 crystals due to the random dissolution of framework silicon and the volume of the hollow cavities increase with increasing the TEA concentration, and the treatment temperature and time. The modified TS-1 samples improved in varying degrees the catalyst life for the epoxidation of propylene in a fixed-bed reactor probably due to the generation of the hollows to make it easy for the reactants and products to diffuse out of the channels.

关键词： titanium silicalite-1 triethylamine hollow cavity epoxidation of propylene catalyst life

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Effect of sodium ions in synthesis of titanium silicalite-1 on its catalytic performance for cyclohexanone

Pengxu YAO,Yaquan WANG,Teng ZHANG,Shuhai WANG,Xiaoxue WU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 149-155 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1409-y

摘要： Titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) has been hydrothermally synthesized with tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) as the template in the presence of various amounts of Na , characterized by inductively coupled plasma, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultro-violet-visible spectroscopy and studied in cyclohexanone ammoximation. The characterization results show that with the increase of Na concentration in the synthesis, both the crystal sizes of TS-1and extra framework Ti increase but framework Ti decreases. The addition of Na below 3 mol-% of TPAOH in the synthesis does not influence the catalytic properties with above 98% conversion of cyclohexanone and 99.5% selectivity to cyclohexanone oxime. However, at the concentrations of Na ≥3 mol-% of TPAOH in the synthesis, the catalysts are deactivated faster with the increase of Na addition, which can be attributed to more high molecular weight byproducts deposited in the large TS-1 particles and the loss of the frame-work titanium. The results of this work are of great importance for the industry.

关键词： extra framework Ti cyclohexanone ammoximation titanium silicalite-1 sodium ion crystal size

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affecting the formation of zeolite seed layers and the effects of seed layers on the growth of zeolite silicalite-1-1 membranes

ZHANG Xiongfu, WANG Jinqu, LIU Hai′ou, WANG Anjie

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 172-177 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0032-6

摘要： The present study investigates the formation of silicalite-1 seed layers on a porous carbon support of 0.5 μm pore size and α-A1O supports with different pore sizes (0.1 μm and 4 μm) via the slip-casting technique. The effects of support property, seed size and solvent on the formation of seed layers were investigated in detail. The growth of silicalite-1 membranes on different seeded supports by hydrothermal synthesis was also evaluated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations indicate that a continuous seed layer can be obtained on the smooth support of 0.1 μm pore size by using any seed of 100 nm, 600 nm or 2.2 μm in size, whereas, on the coarse supports with either 0.5 μm or 4 μm pore size, a continuous seed layer cannot be formed using the above seed sizes and the same seeding time. At a longer contact time, a seed layer can also be formed using 100 nm seed on the supports with larger pore size. However, the layer is not uniform and smooth. For a hydrophobic porous carbon support, seeding ethanol suspension, which has weak polarity, favors the formation of a continuous seed layer. The seed layers and membranes grown from the smaller seed are more uniform and continuous and possess smoother surfaces than those from the larger seed. The seed layer and respective grown membrane formed from nanosized seed (100 nm) are the most uniform and compact. With this method of seeded secondary synthesis of zeolite membranes, the quality of a membrane mainly depends on the quality of the seed layer.

关键词： silicalite-1 α-A1O growth seeding ethanol quality

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Influence of Na

Rumin YANG, Fanhui MENG, Xiao WANG, Yaquan WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 401-408 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1129-5

摘要： Silicalite-1 was hydrothermally synthesized in the presence of different concentrations of Na using tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) as a template. The synthesis was followed by a base treatment. The silicalite-1samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and NH temperature-programmed desorption. The samples were used as catalysts for the vapor phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime. During the synthesis, the sodium ions were incorporated onto the silicalite-1 crystals, but were then removed by the base treatment. All the catalysts exhibited nearly complete conversion of cyclohexanone oxime to ?-caprolactam with selectivities grater than 95%. Addition of less than 2.5 mol-% Na (relative to TPAOH) did not influence the catalytic properties. However, for Na concentrations≥5 mol-%, the particle sizes of silicalite-1 increased and the catalytic activities decreased, which can be attributed to carbon deposition. The results in this work are of great importance for the polymer industry.

关键词： silicalite-1 cyclohexanone oxime vapor phase Beckmann rearrangement ?-caprolactam

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灰色预测模型GM（１，１）的适用性分析及在火灾风险预测中的应用

陈子锦,王福亮,陆守香

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第5期页码 91-94

摘要：

通过对灰色预测模型———GM（１，１）的理论分析，证明了该模型的预测值及其变化趋势均具有单调性，进而提出了GM（１，１）模型的适用性判据，并给出了该判据在火灾风险灰色预测中的应用实例。

关键词：火灾预测 GM(1 1)模型火灾伤人率

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Metabolic interventions combined with CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for the treatment of tumors: mechanisms

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 805-822 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1025-7

摘要： Immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) have significantly improved patient outcomes and offered new approaches to cancer therapy over the past decade. To date, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 represent the main class of immunotherapy. Blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 has shown remarkable efficacy in several specific types of cancers, however, a large subset of refractory patients presents poor responsiveness to ICB therapy; and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Recently, numerous studies have revealed that metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells restrains immune responses by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) with various products of metabolism, and combination therapies involving metabolic inhibitors and ICIs provide new approaches to cancer therapy. Nevertheless, a systematic summary is lacking regarding the manner by which different targetable metabolic pathways regulate immune checkpoints to overcome ICI resistance. Here, we demonstrate the generalized mechanism of targeting cancer metabolism at three crucial immune checkpoints (CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1) to influence ICB therapy and propose potential combined immunotherapeutic strategies co-targeting tumor metabolic pathways and immune checkpoints.

关键词： CTLA-4 PD-1 PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) metabolic reprogramming combined tumor therapeutic strategies

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渤海辽东带地质认识的突破与金县1-1大油田的发现

邓运华

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第10期页码 13-18

摘要：在此认识指导下选择研究方向，评价有利目标，经钻探发现了金县1-1大油田，储量达1.5×10⁸ m³，充分显示了科研在油气勘探中的作用。

关键词：渤海辽东带金县1-1 地质认识大油田

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联邦无监督表示学习 Research Article

张凤达1,况琨1,陈隆1,游兆阳1,沈弢1,肖俊1,张寅1,吴超2,吴飞1,庄越挺1,李晓林3,4,5

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第8期页码 1181-1193 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200268

摘要： FURL提出了两个新挑战：（1）客户端之间的数据分布转移（非独立同分布）会使本地模型专注于不同的类别，从而导致表示空间的不一致；（2）如果FURL中客户端之间没有统一的信息，客户端之间的表示就会错位。

关键词：联邦学习；无监督学习；表示学习；对比学习

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非等间距GM(1,1)幂模型及其工程应用

王正新,党耀国,刘思峰

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 98-102

摘要：

针对工程中大量存在的非等间距序列的建模问题，提出了非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型。以平均相对误差绝对值最小化为目标，以模型参数之间的关系为约束，构建了一个非线性优化模型实现非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的参数估计。结果表明，非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的形式较为灵活，非等间距GM(1, 1)模型和灰色Verhulst模型均是非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的特殊情形，幂指数的优化有利于提高建模精度。最后通过一个工程实例验证了非等间距GM(1, 1)幂模型的有效性与实用性。

关键词：灰色系统非等间距序列 GM(1 1)幂模型参数优化

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磁控溅射法生长的带隙可调谐(GaxIn1−x)2O3 Research Articles

张法碧1,孙巾寓1,李海鸥1,周娟1,王荣1,孙堂友1,傅涛1,肖功利1,李琦1,刘兴鹏1,张秀云1,郭道友2,王相虎3,秦祖军1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第10期页码 1370-1378 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000330

摘要：采用磁控溅射技术和热退火技术在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上制备了多组分氧化物(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜，实现可调带隙。详细研究了三元化合物(GaxIn1−x)2O3在整个组成范围内的光学性质和能带结构演化。X射线衍射谱表明，Ga含量在0.11至0.55之间的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜既有立方结构，也有单斜结构，而Ga含量高于0.74的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜只有单斜结构。实验结果为透明导电化合物半导体(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜在光电和光伏行业的应用，特别是在显示器、发光二极管和太阳能电池的应用奠定了基础。

关键词： (GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜；带隙可调谐；磁控溅射

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Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1): a potential biomarker for the diagnosis

Changlin Cao, Jingxian Gu, Jingyao Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 169-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0505-z

摘要： Sensitive and useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of infectious diseases have been widely developed. An example of these biomarkers is triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1), which is a cell surface receptor expressed on monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. TREM-1 amplifies inflammation by activating the TREM-1/DAP12 pathway. This pathway is triggered by the interaction of TREM-1 with ligands or stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Consequently, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are secreted. Soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) is a special form of TREM-1 that can be directly tested in human body fluids and well-known biomarker for infectious diseases. sTREM-1 level can be potentially used for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of some infectious diseases, including infectious pleural effusion, lung infections, sepsis, bacterial meningitis, viral infections (e.g., Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever and dengue fever), fungal infections (e.g., infection), and burn-related infections. sTREM-1 is a more sensitive and specific biomarker than traditional indices, such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels, for these infectious diseases. Therefore, sTREM-1 is a feasible biomarker for the targeted therapy and rapid and early diagnosis of infectious diseases.

关键词： soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 infectious diseases diagnosis and prognosis biomarker

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Molecular characterization of two suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 genes (

Xue XU,Jiannan ZHANG,Juan LI,Yajun WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 73-83 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015044

摘要： Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) protein can inhibit the signal transduction triggered by some cytokines or hormones and thus are important in many physiological/pathological processes, including innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, and development in mammals. However, there is sparse information about their structure, tissue expression, in birds, where their biological functions remain unknown. In this study, we cloned and characterized two genes (named and ) from chickens. is predicted to encode a 207-amino acid protein, which shares high amino acid sequence identity (64%–67%) with human and mouse SOCS1. Besides , a novel gene was also identified in chickens and other non-mammalian vertebrates including . Chicken is predicted to encode a 212-amino acid protein, which shares only 30%–32% amino acid sequence identity with human SOCS1 and cSOCS1a. RT-PCR assay revealed that both and are widely expressed in all chicken tissues. Using a luciferase reporter assay system, we further demonstrated that transient expression of and can significantly inhibit chicken growth hormone (GH)- or prolactin (PRL)-induced luciferase activities of Hep G2 cells expressing cGH receptor (or cPRL receptor), indicating that SOCS1a and SOCS1b proteins can negatively regulate GH/PRL signaling. Taken together, these data suggest that both cSOCS1a and cSOCS1b may function as negative regulators of cytokine/hormone actions, such as modulation of GH/PRL actions in chickens.

关键词： chicken SOCS1a SOCS1b growth hormone prolactin

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视觉知识引导的中国篆刻智能化生成 Research Article

张克俊1,2,张瑞1,殷叶航1,李一非3,伍文棋1,孙凌云1,2,吴飞1,邓晃煌1,潘云鹤1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第10期页码 1479-1493 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100094

摘要：

本文将传统篆刻艺术中的资源协同、设计创作、视觉呈现等过程以数字化方式再现，研制了篆刻艺术智能化创作的系统和平台（浙江大学智能篆刻系统：http://www. next.zju.edu.cn/seal/；篆刻搜索排版系统：http://www.next.zju.edu.cn/seal/search_app/），以视觉知识为引导突破计算机艺术学面临的难点问题。本文构建了包含字和印的求是篆刻数据库，并以此为视觉知识库，构建了篆字智能生成算法。此外，为创建印章布局，提出一种篆字变形算法调整印章字符，并结合视觉知识实现智能篆字布局，以实现智能结构。实验结果表明本文所提方法和系统可有效解决篆刻艺术生成中的难点问题，为篆刻艺术的守正与创新提供理论与应用借鉴。

关键词：篆刻；智能生成；深度学习；参数化模型；计算机艺术

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光致旋转技术综述 Review Article

朱琦1,李楠1,苏鹤鸣1,李文强1,胡慧珠1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第2期页码 171-185 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000338

摘要：光致旋转技术兴起于20世纪90年代。光镊为研究激光角动量提供了一个理想平台。近几十年来，光致旋转技术被广泛运用在光学微操控实验和生物与微流控领域。近年来，其在经典和量子物理领域的应用潜力引起人们广泛关注。本文回顾了光致旋转技术实验与应用进展。首先介绍了角动量的基本研究。其次，介绍了由轨道角动量引起的光致旋转技术的发展和应用，并给出自旋角动量的概念。最后，介绍了光致旋转技术在高真空光阱中的应用与前景。随着液体介质中精密光学操作技术的成熟，高真空光镊技术为高速微纳转子开辟了一条新道路。

关键词：光镊；光致旋转；角动量；微纳转子

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PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cervical cancer: current studies and perspectives

Yumeng Wang, Guiling Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 438-450 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0674-4

摘要： Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed female malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. Despite the use of advanced screening and preventive vaccines, more than half of all CC cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, when therapeutic options are extremely limited and side effects are severe. Given these circumstances, new and effective treatments are needed. In recent years, exciting progress has been made in immunotherapies, including the rapid development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Checkpoint blockades targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have achieved effective clinical responses with acceptable toxicity by suppressing tumor progression and improving survival in several tumor types. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, including the expression patterns of PD-1/PD-L1 and potential PD-1/PD-L1-related therapeutic strategies for CC.

关键词： PD-1 PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade antibody immunotherapy cervical cancer