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Load shedding scheme for an interconnected hydro-thermal hybrid system with SMES

D. TYAGI, Ashwani KUMAR, Saurabh CHANANA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 227-236 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0198-6

摘要： The frequency of the power system varies based on the load pattern of the consumers. With continuous increase in the load, the frequency of the system keeps decreasing and may reach its minimum allowable limits. Further increase in the load will result in more frequency drop leading to the need of load shedding, if excess generation is not available to cater the need. This paper proposed a methodology in a hybrid thermal-hydro system for finding the required amount of load to be shed for setting the frequency of the system within its minimum allowable limits. The load shedding steps were obtained based on the rate of change of frequency with the increase in the load in both areas. The impact of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) was obtained on load shedding scheme. The comparison of the results was presented on the two-area system.

关键词： critical load frequency response load shedding multi-area system rate of change of frequency superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) device

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舰船电力系统用1MJ高温超导储能磁体设计研究

戴陶珍,范则阳,李敬东,唐跃进,程时杰,潘垣

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第1期页码 53-56

摘要：

介绍了舰船电力系统用的1MJ螺管型高温超导储能磁体的设计优化步骤，给出了用Bi-2223超导带进行1MJ磁体线圈的设计和优化结果，分析了高温超导体的各向异性对磁体临界电流的影响，讨论了储能容量一定的多螺管磁体系统在漏磁、储能密度和所需超导线材方面的变化。

关键词：超导磁储能系统高温超导体磁体设计

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超导磁储能系统在舰船电力系统中的应用前景及其关键课题

戴陶珍,范则阳,李敬东,唐跃进,程时杰

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第6期页码 16-19

摘要：介绍了超导磁储能系统（SMES）作为一种新型储能设备的应用研究进展，分析了SMES在舰船电力系统中的潜在应用，最后提出了舰船电力系统中应用SMES的关键课题。

关键词：舰船电力系统超导磁储能系统（SMES）超导应用

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Load shedding scheme for the two-area system with linear quadratic regulator

D. TYAGI, Ashwani KUMAR, Saurabh CHANANA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 90-102 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0224-8

摘要： The power system is prone to many emergency conditions which may lead to emergency state of operation with decay in the system frequency. The dramatic change in the frequency can result in cascaded failure of the system. In order to avoid power system collapse, load shedding (LS) schemes are adopted with the optimal amount of load shed. This paper proposed a methodology in a two-area thermal-thermal system for finding the required amount of load to be shed for setting the frequency of the system within minimum allowable limits. The LS steps have been obtained based on the rate of change of frequency with the increase in load in steps. A systematic study has been conducted for three scenarios: the scheme with a conventional integral controller; the scheme with a linear quadratic regulator (LQR); and the scheme with an LQR and superconducting magnetic energy storage devices (SMES). A comparison of the results has been presented on the two-area system.

关键词： critical load frequency response load shedding (LS) multi-area system rate of change of frequency linear quadratic regulator (LQR) superconducting magnetic energy storage devices (SMES)

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Magnetic confinement fusion: a brief review

Chuanjun HUANG, Laifeng LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 305-313 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0539-1

摘要： Fusion energy is considered to be the ultimate energy source, which does not contribute to climate change compared with conventional fossil fuel. It is massive compared with unconventional renewable energy and demonstrates fewer safety features compared with unconventional fission energy. During the past several decades, never-ceasing efforts have been made to peacefully utilize the fusion energy in various approaches, especially inertial confinement and magnetic confinement. In this paper, the main developments of magnetic confinement fusion with emphasis on confinement systems as well as challenges of materials related to superconducting magnet and plasma-facing components are reviewed. The scientific feasibility of magnetic confinement fusion has been demonstrated in JET, TFTR, JT-60, and EAST, which instigates the construction of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). A fusion roadmap to DEMO and commercial fusion power plant has been established and steady progresses have been made to achieve the ultimate energy source.

关键词： fusion energy magnetic confinement tokamak structural material superconducting magnet

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A fully solid-state cold thermal energy storage device for car seats using shape-memory alloys

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 504-515 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0855-3

摘要： Thermal energy storage has been a pivotal technology to fill the gap between energy demands and energy supplies. As a solid-solid phase change material, shape-memory alloys (SMAs) have the inherent advantages of leakage free, no encapsulation, negligible volume variation, as well as superior energy storage properties such as high thermal conductivity (compared with ice and paraffin) and volumetric energy density, making them excellent thermal energy storage materials. Considering these characteristics, the design of the shape-memory alloy based the cold thermal energy storage system for precooling car seat application is introduced in this paper based on the proposed shape-memory alloy-based cold thermal energy storage cycle. The simulation results show that the minimum temperature of the metal boss under the seat reaches 26.2 °C at 9.85 s, which is reduced by 9.8 °C, and the energy storage efficiency of the device is 66%. The influence of initial temperature, elastocaloric materials, and the shape-memory alloy geometry scheme on the performance of car seat cold thermal energy storage devices is also discussed. Since SMAs are both solid-state refrigerants and thermal energy storage materials, hopefully the proposed concept can promote the development of more promising shape-memory alloy-based cold and hot thermal energy storage devices.

关键词： shape-memory alloy (SMA) elastocaloric effect (eCE) cooled seat cold thermal energy storage

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Design method and verification of a hybrid prosthetic mechanism with energy-damper clutchable device

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 747-764 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0644-4

摘要： Transfemoral amputees (TAs) have difficulty in mobility during walking, such as restricted movement of lower extremity and body instability, yet few transfemoral prostheses have explored human-like multiple motion characteristics by simple structures to fit the kinesiology, biomechanics, and stability of human lower extremity. In this work, the configurations of transfemoral prosthetic mechanism are synthesized in terms of human lower-extremity kinesiology. A hybrid transfemoral prosthetic (HTP) mechanism with multigait functions is proposed to recover the gait functions of TAs. The kinematic and mechanical performances of the designed parallel mechanism are analyzed to verify their feasibility in transfemoral prosthetic mechanism. Inspired by motion–energy coupling relationship of the knee, a wearable energy-damper clutched device that can provide energy in knee stance flexion to facilitate the leg off from the ground and can impede the leg’s swing velocity for the next stance phase is proposed. Its co-operation with the springs in the prismatic pairs enables the prosthetic mechanism to have the energy recycling ability under the gait rhythm of the knee joint. Results demonstrate that the designed HTP mechanism can replace the motion functions of the knee and ankle to realize its multimode gait and effectively decrease the peak power of actuators from 94.74 to 137.05 W while maintaining a good mechanical adaptive stability.

关键词： hybrid transfemoral prosthetic mechanism energy recycling wearable mechanical clutched device mechanical adaptive stability

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Energy storage resources management: Planning, operation, and business model

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 373-391 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0194-4

摘要： With the acceleration of supply-side renewable energy penetration rate and the increasingly diversified and complex demand-side loads, how to maintain the stable, reliable, and efficient operation of the power system has become a challenging issue requiring investigation. One of the feasible solutions is deploying the energy storage system (ESS) to integrate with the energy system to stabilize it. However, considering the costs and the input/output characteristics of ESS, both the initial configuration process and the actual operation process require efficient management. This study presents a comprehensive review of managing ESS from the perspectives of planning, operation, and business model. First of all, in terms of planning and configuration, it is investigated from capacity planning, location planning, as well as capacity and location combined planning. This process is generally the first step in deploying ESS. Then, it explores operation management of ESS from the perspectives of state assessment and operation optimization. The so-called state assessment refers to the assessment of three aspects: The state of charge (SOC), the state of health (SOH), and the remaining useful life (RUL). The operation optimization includes ESS operation strategy optimization and joint operation optimization. Finally, it discusses the business models of ESS. Traditional business models involve ancillary services and load transfer, while emerging business models include electric vehicle (EV) as energy storage and shared energy storage.

关键词： energy storage system energy storage resources management planning configuration operational management business model

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基于特征模型的全系数自适应磁悬浮储能飞轮控制算法鲁棒性研究 None

Xujun LYU, Long DI, Zongli LIN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第1期页码 120-130 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800606

摘要：基于特征模型的全系数自适应控制算法最近在一个磁悬浮轴承支承的高速储能飞轮实验平台实现。该控制算法是一个智能控制算法，它的设计不依赖于对象的数学模型，但能在控制过程中在线辨识特征模型。大量数值仿真和实验结果表明，此智能控制算法控制效果比原有μ综合控制算法更好，该μ综合控制算法最初在高速实验台上根据其抑制振动能力设计。大量仿真进一步证实此智能控制算法在考虑模型不确定性、外界扰动以及时滞情况下具有相当强鲁棒性。

关键词：智能控制；鲁棒性；不确定性；抗干扰；主动磁悬浮轴承；储能飞轮

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Linking renewables and fossil fuels with carbon capture via energy storage for a sustainable energy future

Dawid P. Hanak, Vasilije Manovic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 453-459 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1892-2

摘要： Renewable energy sources and low-carbon power generation systems with carbon capture and storage (CCS) are expected to be key contributors towards the decarbonisation of the energy sector and to ensure sustainable energy supply in the future. However, the variable nature of wind and solar power generation systems may affect the operation of the electricity system grid. Deployment of energy storage is expected to increase grid stability and renewable energy utilisation. The power sector of the future, therefore, needs to seek a synergy between renewable energy sources and low-carbon fossil fuel power generation. This can be achieved via wide deployment of CCS linked with energy storage. Interestingly, recent progress in both the CCS and energy storage fields reveals that technologies such as calcium looping are technically viable and promising options in both cases. Novel integrated systems can be achieved by integrating these applications into CCS with inherent energy storage capacity, as well as linking other CCS technologies with renewable energy sources via energy storage technologies, which will maximise the profit from electricity production, mitigate efficiency and economic penalties related to CCS, and improve renewable energy utilisation.

关键词： carbon capture energy storage renewable energy sources decarbonisation fossil fuels

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Combined heat and power plant integrated with mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) system

Weilong WANG, Yukun HU, Jinyue YAN, Jenny NYSTR?M, Erik DAHLQUIST

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 469-474 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0123-9

摘要： Energy consumption for space and tap water heating in residential and service sectors accounts for one third of the total energy utilization in Sweden. District heating (DH) is used to supply heat to areas with high energy demand. However, there are still detached houses and sparse areas that are not connected to a DH network. In such areas, electrical heating or oil/pellet boilers are used to meet the heat demand. Extending the existing DH network to those spare areas is not economically feasible because of the small heat demand and the large investment required for the expansion. The mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) system is an alternative source of heat for detached buildings or sparse areas using industrial heat. In this paper, the integration of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant and an M-TES system is analyzed. Furthermore, the impacts of four options of the integrated system are discussed, including the power and heat output in the CHP plant. The performance of the M-TES system is likewise discussed.

关键词： Mobilized thermal energy system district heating thermal energy storage combined heat and power detached houses

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Can energy storage make off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production system more economical?

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0245-x

摘要： Under the ambitious goal of carbon neutralization, photovoltaic (PV)-driven electrolytic hydrogen (PVEH) production is emerging as a promising approach to reduce carbon emission. Considering the intermittence and variability of PV power generation, the deployment of battery energy storage can smoothen the power output. However, the investment cost of battery energy storage is pertinent to non-negligible expenses. Thus, the installation of energy-storage equipment in a PVEH system is a complex trade-off problem. The primary goals of this study are to compare the engineering economics of PVEH systems with and without energy storage, and to explore time nodes when the cost of the former scenario can compete with the latter by factoring the technology learning curve. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) is a widely used economic indicator. Represented by seven areas in seven regions of China, results show that the LCOH with and without energy storage is approximately 22.23 and 20.59 yuan/kg in 2020, respectively. In addition, as technology costs drop, the LCOH of a PVEH system with energy storage will be less than that without energy storage in 2030.

关键词： hydrogen off-grid photovoltaic energy storage LCOH engineering economics

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The carbon dioxide removal potential of Liquid Air Energy Storage: A high-level technical and economic

Andrew LOCKLEY, Ted von HIPPEL

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 456-464 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0102-8

摘要： Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is at pilot scale. Air cooling and liquefaction stores energy; reheating revaporises the air at pressure, powering a turbine or engine (Ameel et al., 2013). Liquefaction requires water & CO removal, preventing ice fouling. This paper proposes subsequent geological storage of this CO – offering a novel Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) by-product, for the energy storage industry. It additionally assesses the scale constraint and economic opportunity offered by implementing this CDR approach. Similarly, established Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) uses air compression and subsequent expansion. CAES could also add CO scrubbing and subsequent storage, at extra cost. CAES stores fewer joules per kilogram of air than LAES – potentially scrubbing more CO per joule stored. Operational LAES/CAES technologies cannot offer full-scale CDR this century (Stocker et al., 2014), yet they could offer around 4% of projected CO disposals for LAES and<25% for current-technology CAES. LAES CDR could reach trillion-dollar scale this century (20 billion USD/year, to first order). A larger, less certain commercial CDR opportunity exists for modified conventional CAES, due to additional equipment requirements. CDR may be commercially critical for LAES/CAES usage growth, and the necessary infrastructure may influence plant scaling and placement. A suggested design for low-pressure CAES theoretically offers global-scale CDR potential within a century (ignoring siting constraints) – but this must be costed against competing CDR and energy storage technologies.

关键词： carbon dioxide removal Liquid Air Energy Storage Compressed Air Energy Storage geoengineering

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Experimental study and assessment of thermal energy storage mortar with paraffin/recycled brick powder

Luchen HAO; Jianzhuang XIAO; Wanzhi CAO; Jingting SUN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第10期页码 1301-1314 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0883-4

摘要： Thermal energy storage recycled powder mortar (TESRM) was developed in this study by incorporating paraffin/recycled brick powder (paraffin/BP) composite phase change materials (PCM). Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis results showed that paraffin/BP composite PCM had good chemical and thermal stability. The onset melting temperature and latent heat of the composite PCM were 46.49 °C and 30.1 J·g⁻¹. The fresh mortar properties and hardened properties were also investigated in this study. Paraffin/BP composite PCM with replacement ratio of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of cement were studied. The results showed that the static and dynamic yield stresses of TESRM were 699.4% and 172.9% higher than those of normal mortar, respectively. The addition of paraffin/BP composite PCM had a positive impact on the mechanical properties of mortar at later ages, and could also reduce the dry shrinkage of mortar. The dry shrinkage of TESRM had a maximum reduction about 26.15% at 120 d. The thermal properties of TESRM were better than those of normal mortar. The thermal conductivity of TESRM was 36.3% less than that of normal mortar and the heating test results showed that TESRM had good thermal energy storage performance.

关键词： recycled powder mortar recycled brick powder thermal energy storage paraffin phase change material

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Optimal portfolio design of energy storage devices with financial and physical right market

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 95-104 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0788-2

摘要： With the continuous development of the spot market, in the multi-stage power market environment with the day-ahead market and right market, the study associated with the portfolio of energy storage devices requires that attention should be paid to transmission congestion and power congestion. To maximize the profit of energy storage and avoid the imbalance of power supply and consumption and the risk of node price fluctuation caused by transmission congestion, this paper presents a portfolio strategy of energy storage devices with financial/physical contracts. First, the concepts of financial/physical transmission rights and financial/physical storage rights are proposed. Then, the portfolio models of financial contract and physical contract are established with the conditional value-at-risk to measure the risks. Finally, the portfolio models are verified through the test data of the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) electric power spot market, and the comparison between the risk aversion of portfolios based on financial/physical contract with the portfolio of the market without rights. The simulation results show that the portfolio models proposed in this paper can effectively avoid the risk of market price fluctuations.

关键词： portfolio node price fluctuation transmission right energy storage right risk aversion

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标题作者时间类型操作

Load shedding scheme for an interconnected hydro-thermal hybrid system with SMES

D. TYAGI, Ashwani KUMAR, Saurabh CHANANA

期刊论文

舰船电力系统用1MJ高温超导储能磁体设计研究

戴陶珍,范则阳,李敬东,唐跃进,程时杰,潘垣

期刊论文

超导磁储能系统在舰船电力系统中的应用前景及其关键课题

戴陶珍,范则阳,李敬东,唐跃进,程时杰

期刊论文

Load shedding scheme for the two-area system with linear quadratic regulator

D. TYAGI, Ashwani KUMAR, Saurabh CHANANA

期刊论文

Magnetic confinement fusion: a brief review

Chuanjun HUANG, Laifeng LI

期刊论文

A fully solid-state cold thermal energy storage device for car seats using shape-memory alloys

期刊论文

Design method and verification of a hybrid prosthetic mechanism with energy-damper clutchable device

期刊论文

Energy storage resources management: Planning, operation, and business model

期刊论文

基于特征模型的全系数自适应磁悬浮储能飞轮控制算法鲁棒性研究

Xujun LYU, Long DI, Zongli LIN

期刊论文

Linking renewables and fossil fuels with carbon capture via energy storage for a sustainable energy future

Dawid P. Hanak, Vasilije Manovic

期刊论文

Combined heat and power plant integrated with mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) system

Weilong WANG, Yukun HU, Jinyue YAN, Jenny NYSTR?M, Erik DAHLQUIST

期刊论文

Can energy storage make off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production system more economical?

期刊论文

The carbon dioxide removal potential of Liquid Air Energy Storage: A high-level technical and economic

Andrew LOCKLEY, Ted von HIPPEL

期刊论文

Experimental study and assessment of thermal energy storage mortar with paraffin/recycled brick powder

Luchen HAO; Jianzhuang XIAO; Wanzhi CAO; Jingting SUN

期刊论文

Optimal portfolio design of energy storage devices with financial and physical right market

期刊论文

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