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传播动力学模型 1

改进萤火虫算法；雷达监视网络；部署优化；无人机入侵防御 1

新冠病毒感染 1

流感样病例 1

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Transforming bacterial disease surveillance and investigation using whole-genome sequence to probe the

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 23-33 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0607-7

摘要：

Two decades have passed since the first bacterial whole-genome sequencing, which provides new opportunity for microbial genome. Consequently, considerable genetic diversity encoded by bacterial genomes and among the strains in the same species has been revealed. In recent years, genome sequencing techniques and bioinformatics have developed rapidly, which has resulted in transformation and expedited the application of strategy and methodology for bacterial genome comparison used in dissection of infectious disease epidemics. Bacterial whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic computing allow genotyping to satisfy the requirements of epidemiological study in disease control. In this review, we outline the significance and summarize the roles of bacterial genome sequencing in the context of bacterial disease control and prevention. We discuss the applications of bacterial genome sequencing in outbreak detection, source tracing, transmission mode discovery, and new epidemic clone identification. Wide applications of genome sequencing and data sharing in infectious disease surveillance networks will considerably promote outbreak detection and early warning to prevent the dissemination of bacterial diseases.

关键词： genome sequencing genomic epidemiology bacteria surveillance infectious diseases

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Trends of foodborne diseases in China: lessons from laboratory-based surveillance since 2011

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 48-57 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0608-6

摘要：

Foodborne disease is one of the most important public health issues worldwide. China faces various and unprecedented challenges in all aspects of the food chain. Data from laboratory-based foodborne disease surveillance systems from 2013 to 2016, as well as different regions and ages, can be found along with differences in the patterns of pathogens detected with diverse characteristics. has been the leading cause of infectious diarrhea in China, especially among adults in coastal regions. has been a serious and widely distributed pathogen responsible for substantial socioeconomic burden. was mostly identified in Northwest China and the inland province (Henan) with less-developed regions among children under 5 years. Data from foodborne disease outbreak reporting system from 2011 to 2016 showed that poisonous animals and plant factors responsible for most deaths were poisonous mushrooms (54.7%) in remote districts in southwest regions. The biological hazard that caused most cases reported (42.3%) was attributed to the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks. In this review, we summarize the recent monitoring approach to foodborne diseases in China and compare the results with those in developed countries.

关键词： foodborne diseases surveillance TraNet China

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PulseNet China, a model for future laboratory-based bacterial infectious disease surveillance in China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 366-375 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0214-6

摘要：

Surveillance is critical for the prevention and control of infectious disease. China’s real-time web-based infectious disease reporting system is a distinguished achievement. However, many aspects of the current China Infectious Disease Surveillance System do not yet meet the demand for timely outbreak detection and identification of emerging infectious disease. PulseNet, the national molecular typing network for foodborne disease surveillance was first established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States in 1995 and has proven valuable in the early detection of outbreaks and tracing the pathogen source. Since 2001, the China CDC laboratory for bacterial pathogen analysis has been a member of the PulseNet International family; and has been adapting the idea and methodology of PulseNet to develop a model for a future national laboratory-based surveillance system for all bacterial infectious disease. We summarized the development progress for the PulseNet China system and discussed it as a model for the future of China’s national laboratory-based surveillance system.

关键词： infectious disease laboratory-based infectious disease surveillance pulse field gel electrophoresis multilocus sequencing typing PulseNet China

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Review of hand, foot and mouth disease

Lan-Juan LI MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 139-146 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0033-6

摘要： Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an acute viral illness that primarily affects infants and young children, and often occurs in clusters or outbreaks. The major causative agents of HFMD are coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) and coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10), of the genus in the family Picornaviridae. HFMD caused by EV71 is associated with severe neurological complications and death. Since the late 1990s, several major epidemics of EV71 HFMD have swept through the Asia-Pacific region, associated with a rapid fulminant course, severe neurological complications, and a large number of fatalities. Until now, little has been known about the genetics and transmission trends of the fast-mutation virus, and there is no effective and specific antiviral therapy or vaccine for HFMD. It is time to step up efforts to understand the molecular epidemics and pathogenesis so that we can develop effective management strategies and surveillance programs.

关键词： hand foot and mouth disease epidemiology pathogenesis management surveillance

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Global influenza surveillancewith Laplacianmultidimensional scaling

Xi-chuan ZHOU,Fang TANG,Qin LI,Sheng-dong HU,Guo-jun LI,Yun-jian JIA,Xin-ke LI,Yu-jie FENG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第5期页码 413-421 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500356

摘要： The Global Influenza Surveillance Network is crucial for monitoring epidemic risk in participating countries. However, at present, the network has notable gaps in the developing world, principally in Africa and Asia where laboratory capabilities are limited. Moreover, for the last few years, various influenza viruses have been continuously emerging in the resource-limited countries, making these surveillance gaps a more imminent challenge. We present a spatial-transmission model to estimate epidemic risks in the countries where only partial or even no surveillance data are available. Motivated by the observation that countries in the same influenza transmission zone divided by the World Health Organization had similar transmission patterns, we propose to estimate the influenza epidemic risk of an unmonitored country by incorporating the surveillance data reported by countries of the same transmission zone. Experiments show that the risk estimates are highly correlated with the actual influenza morbidity trends for African and Asian countries. The proposed method may provide the much-needed capability to detect, assess, and notify potential influenza epidemics to the developing world.

关键词： Surveillance gap Influenza Spatial-transmission model

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基于改进萤火虫算法的雷达网络最优化部署 Regular Papers

Xue-jun ZHANG, Wei JIA, Xiang-min GUAN, Guo-qiang XU, Jun CHEN, Yan-bo ZHU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第3期页码 425-437 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800749

摘要：随着无人机行业快速发展，无人机入侵带来的威胁和挑战引起越来越多关注。雷达网络检测是无人机入侵防御的重要手段之一。为在有限雷达资源下形成紧密可靠的雷达监视网络，雷达网优化部署至关重要。然而，由于非线性且变量紧密耦合，雷达网部署优化问题难以解决。提出基于反馈机制的邻居学习策略和精英种群局部搜索策略的改进萤火虫算法，以平衡开发与探索能力，同时采用混沌序列初始化萤火虫位置，提高种群多样性。标准优化测试函数实验和典型雷达部署案例实验表明，该改进萤火虫算法比经典萤火虫算法和4个近期提出的改进算法有更好寻优性能，能有效解决雷达网部署优化问题。

关键词：改进萤火虫算法；雷达监视网络；部署优化；无人机入侵防御

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新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情全球大流行带来的启示——环境因素在未来突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系中的作用 Perspective

王晓蕾, 吴丰昌, 赵晓丽, 张笑, 王珺瑜, 牛琳, 梁为纲, Kenneth Mei Yee Leung, John P. Giesy

《工程（英文）》 2022年第8卷第1期页码 108-115 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.019

摘要：

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）在全球的大流行威胁着诸多国家当前的突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系（PHERS）。尽管有许多影响病毒存活和在物种间传播的环境因素在PHERS中发挥着重要作用，但目前对这些因素的重视仍然不足。本研究描述并阐明了环境因素在未来PHERS中的作用，提出为提高各国应对COVID-19 等与病毒感染相关的突发公共卫生事件的能力，在此类突发公共卫生事件发生之前、之时和之后都应考虑环境因素的影响与作用。在疫情暴发前，需要加强环境保护和野生动物保护，对动物和热点地区进行病毒的详细监测，完善疫情的早期预警体系。在疫情发生的时候，需要加强环境因素对病毒行为影响的相关研究，采取措施来最大限度地减少次生环境风险，并及时对病毒带来的风险和次生环境风险进行评估，以减少疫情对人类健康和生态系统的影响。在疫情发生之后，要进一步加强病毒监测，预防病毒传播，坚持最小化次生环境风险的控制措施，增强预测疫情发生和复发的能力，为下一次疫情突发做好准备。同时，应该在“一个健康”（One Health）理念（认为全球的人类健康和环境健康是密不可分的）的基础上，恢复人类正常的生活和生产。本文提出的建议对于提高各国应对突发公共卫生事件的能力至关重要。

关键词：突发公共卫生事件突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系环境因素预防和控制病毒性感染

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应急状态下新冠流行曲线预测的方法学研究——基于北京市百度搜索和传统流感样病例监测 Article

张婷, 杨柳飏, 韩萱, 范国辉, 钱捷, 胡选成, 赖圣杰, 李中杰, 刘志敏, 冯录召, 杨维中

《工程（英文）》 2023年第31卷第12期页码 112-119 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.006

摘要：

监测是传染病防控的关键环节。在全球暴发的新冠疫情暴露了传统监测方法的局限性，但也为探索新的监测方法提供了契机。本研究旨在利用百度搜索指数和流感样病例（ILI）监测数据，估计SARS-CoV-2的变异株奥密克戎BF.7在北京市应急状态下的传播和流行趋势。本研究创新性地提出了一种复合模型[多注意力双向门控循环单元（MABG）-易感-暴露-感染-恢复（SEIR）]，该模型利用深度学习算法（MABG）对ILI历史数据和发烧、发热、咳嗽、咽痛、退烧药、流涕等多种百度指数流感样症状相关关键词进行分析。基于百度指数以及ILI与新冠病毒感染之间的相关性，构建了一个估计SARS-CoV-2传播和流行趋势的传染病传播动力学模型（SEIR）。在新冠病毒感染大流行期间，当常规监测措施暂停时，ILI可以作为评估新冠病毒感染流行病学趋势的重要指标。研究结果显示，北京市自2022年12月17日起累计感染率超过80.25%（95% CI: 77.51%~82.99%），本研究预测疫情高峰时间为2022年12月12日，现存感染者数量的高峰将在该高峰后的三天出现。有效再生数（R_t）代表流行期间某一时间点单个感染者所致平均继发感染人数，该值自2022年12月17日一直低于1。本研究强调，传统的疾病监测系统应辅之以现代监测数据，例如具有先进技术支持的网络信息数据源。现代监测渠道应主要用于监测新发传染病和疾病暴发。应建立对新冠病毒感染的症状监测，以跟踪疫情趋势、疾病严重程度和医疗资源需求。

关键词：新冠病毒感染流行曲线百度搜索引擎流感样病例深度学习传播动力学模型