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Effect of thermodynamic parameters on the performance of refrigerator-ejector

Lihong CAO, Yicai LIU, Chao WAN, Tianlong XIN, Qian HUANG, Mingyan ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 517-521 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0004-2

摘要： A 3D calculation model of a refrigerator-ejector was built and simulated in a compression/injection hybrid refrigeration cycle system by using the FLUENT software of CFD. The effect of thermodynamic parameters (the pressure of primary fluid and secondary fluid) on the performance of the refrigerator-ejector was studied. The boundary conditions were set according to the actual operating condition and the parameters of refrigerator experimental sample. The numerical calculation results show that there is one optimal pressure of primary fluid, i.e., = 0.06612 MPa, corresponding to the maximum entrainment ratio, i.e., = 0.568; and there is one optimal pressure of secondary fluid, i.e., = 0.04837 MPa, corresponding to the maximum entrainment ratio, i.e., = 0.564.

关键词： refrigerator-ejector     FLUENT     thermodynamic parameters     entrainment ratio performance    

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Preparation of adsorptive nanoporous membrane using powder activated carbon: Isotherm and thermodynamic

Majid Peyravi

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 673-687 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1800-9

摘要： Adsorptive polyethesulfone (PES) membranes were prepared by intercalation of powder activated carbon (PAC) with and without functionalization. Accordingly, PAC was aminated with 1,5-diamino-2-methylpentane, and the physicochemical properties of the functionalized PAC were analyzed. Intercalation of PAC within the PES scaffold changed the porosity and mean pore size of the aminated membrane (AC-NH ) from 52.6% to 92.5% and from 22.6 nm to 3.5 nm, respectively. The effect of temperature on the performance of the modified membranes was monitored by the flux and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of leachate. At ambient temperature, the COD removal of the neat, AC-containing, and AC-NH membranes was 47%, 52%, and 58.5%, respectively. A similar increment was obtained for the membrane flux, which was due to the synergistic effect of the high porosity and large number of hydrophilic functional groups. The experimental leachate adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin- Radushkevich isotherm models. For all membranes, the significant thermodynamic parameters ( , , and ) were calculated and compared. The isosteric heat of adsorption was lower than 80 kJ∙mol , indicating that the interaction between the membranes and the leachate is mainly physical, involving weak van der Waals forces.

关键词： amine functionality     nanoporous membrane     adsorption isotherm     thermodynamic parameters     landfill leachate    

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Using thermodynamic parameters to study self-healing and interface properties of crumb rubber modified

Dongliang HU, Jianzhong PEI, Rui LI, Jiupeng ZHANG, Yanshun JIA, Zepeng FAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 109-122 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0579-6

摘要： The thermodynamic property of asphalt binder is changed by the addition of crumb rubber, which in turn influences the self-healing property as well as the cohesion and adhesion within the asphalt-aggregate system. This study investigated the self-healing and interface properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) using thermodynamic parameters based on the molecular simulation approach. The molecular models of CRMA were built with representative structures of the virgin asphalt and the crumb rubber. The aggregate was represented by SiO and Al O crystals. The self-healing capability was evaluated with the thermodynamic parameter wetting time, work of cohesion and diffusivity. The interface properties were evaluated by characterizing the adhesion capability, the debonding potential and the moisture susceptibility of the asphalt-aggregate interface. The self-healing capability of CRMA is found to decrease as the rubber content increases. The asphalt-Al O interface with higher rubber content has stronger adhesion and moisture stability. But the influence of crumb rubber on the interfacial properties of asphalt-SiO interface has no statistical significance. Comparing with the interfacial properties of the asphalt-SiO interface, the asphalt-Al O interface is found to have a stronger adhesion but a worse moisture susceptibility for its enormous thermodynamic potential for water to displace the asphalt binder.

关键词： crumb rubber modified asphalt     surface free energy     self-healing     interface properties     molecular dynamics simulation    

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A critical review on thermodynamic mechanisms of membrane fouling in membrane-based water treatment process

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1729-6

摘要：

● Fundamentals of membrane fouling are comprehensively reviewed.

关键词： Membrane fouling     Thermodynamic mechanism     XDLVO theory     Flory-Huggins theory     Fouling migration    

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A thermodynamic study of the removal of HCl and H

Joseph LEE, Bo FENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 67-83 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1162-4

摘要： Advanced integrated-gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) and integrated-gasification fuel cell (IFGC) systems require high-temperature sorbents that are capable of removing hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide from coal derived gases to very low levels. HCl and H S are highly reactive, corrosive, and toxic gases that must be removed to meet stringent environmental regulations, to protect power generation equipment and to control the emissions of contaminants. The thermodynamic behavior of 13 sorbents for the removal of HCl and H S under various conditions including: initial toxic gas concentration (1–10000 ppm), operating pressure (0.1–11 Mpa), temperature (300 K–1500 K), and the presence of H O were investigated. The correlation between HCl and H S was also examined. Thermodynamic calculations were carried out for the reactions of the 13 sorbents using a FactSage 5.2 software package based on free energy minimization. The sorbents, Na CO , NaHCO , K CO , and CaO are capable of completely removing chlorine at high temperatures (up to ~1240 K) and at high pressures. Water vapor did not have any significant effects on the dechlorination capability of the sorbents. Nine of the sorbents namely; Cu O, Na CO , NaHCO , K CO , CaO, ZnO, MnO, FeO, and PbO, were determined to have great potential as desulfurization sorbents. Cu O and ZnO had the best performance in terms of the optimum operating temperature. The addition of water vapor to the reactant gas produces a slightly detrimental effect on most of the sorbents, but FeO exhibited the worst performance with a reduction in the maximum operating temperature of about 428 K. The dechlorination performance of the alkali sorbents was not affected by the presence of H S in the reactions. However, the desulfurization capability of some sorbents was greatly affected by the presence of HCl. Particularly, the performance of Cu O was significantly reduced when HCl was present, but the performance of FeO improved remarkably. The thermodynamic results gathered are valuable for the developments of better sorbents.

关键词： syngas cleaning     sorbent     desulfurization     dechlorination    

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Microstructure investigation of dynamic recrystallization in hard machining: From thermodynamic irreversibility

Binxun LI, Xinzhi ZHANG, Song ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第2期   页码 315-330 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0612-4

摘要： The drastically changed thermal, mechanical, and chemical energies within the machined surface layer during hard machining tend to initiate microstructural alteration. In this paper, attention is paid to the introduction of thermodynamic potential to unravel the mechanism of microstructure evolution. First, the thermodynamic potential-based model expressed by the Helmholtz free energy was proposed for predicting the microstructure changes of serrated chip and the machined surface layer. Second, the proposed model was implemented into a validated finite element simulation model for cutting operation as a user-defined subroutine. In addition, the predicted irreversible thermodynamic state change in the deformation zones associated with grain size, which was reduced to less than 1 m from the initial size of 1.5 m on the machined surface, was provided for an in-depth explanation. The good consistency between the simulated results and experimental data validated the efficacy of the developed model. This research helps to provide further insight into the microstructure alteration during metal cutting.

关键词： thermodynamic irreversibility     Helmholtz free energy     microstructure evolution     dynamic recrystallization     hard milling    

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Models of thermodynamic and transport properties of POE VG68 and R410A/POE VG68 mixture

WEI Wenjian, DING Guoliang, HU Haitao, WANG Kaijian

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 227-234 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0020-7

摘要： The thermodynamic properties of a refrigerant-oil mixture are the foundation to predict the performance of air-conditioning and refrigeration systems and to evaluate the influence of oil on heat transfer and pressure drop. Models of the thermodynamic and transport properties of POE VG68 and R410A/POE VG68 mixture were provided based on the analysis of state-of-the-art correlations. New models were developed by modifying the coefficients in existing correlations with multiple regression method according to experimental data. The maximum deviation of the predicted values of these models to the experimental data is within 5%. These models can be used for R410A/POE VG68 to obtain accurate and reliable thermodynamic and transport parameters to evaluate the influence of POE VG68 on the performance of an R410A air-conditioning and refrigeration system.

关键词： multiple regression     foundation     thermodynamic     influence     air-conditioning    

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A comparative thermodynamic analysis of Kalina and ORC cycles for hot dry rock: a prospect study in the

Xuelin ZHANG, Tong ZHANG, Xiaodai XUE, Yang SI, Xuemin ZHANG, Shengwei MEI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 889-900 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0704-1

摘要： Hot dry rock is a new type of geothermal resource which has a promising application prospect in China. This paper conducted a comparative research on performance evaluation of two eligible bottoming cycles for a hot dry rock power plant in the Gonghe Basin. Based on the given heat production conditions, a Kalina cycle and three organic Rankine cycles were tested respectively with different ammonia-water mixtures of seven ammonia mass fractions and nine eco-friendly working fluids. The results show that the optimal ammonia mass fraction is 82% for the proposed bottoming Kalina cycle in view of maximum net power output. Thermodynamic analysis suggests that wet fluids should be supercritical while dry fluids should be saturated at the inlet of turbine, respectively. The maximum net power output of the organic Rankine cycle with dry fluids expanding from saturated state is higher than that of the other organic Rankine cycle combinations, and is far higher than the maximum net power output in all tested Kalina cycle cases. Under the given heat production conditions of hot dry rock resource in the Gonghe Basin, the saturated organic Rankine cycle with the dry fluid butane as working fluid generates the largest amount of net power.

关键词： hot dry rock     Kalina cycle     organic Rankine cycle     thermodynamic analysis    

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Analysis of statistical thermodynamic model for binary protein adsorption equilibria on cation exchange

ZHOU Xiaopeng, SU Xueli, SUN Yan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 103-112 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0020-x

摘要： A study of nonlinear competitive adsorption equilibria of proteins is of fundamental importance in understanding the behavior of preparative chromatographic separation. This work describes the nonlinear binary protein adsorption equilibria on ion exchangers by the statistical thermodynamic (ST) model. The single-component and binary protein adsorption isotherms of bovine hemoglobin (Hb) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on SP Sepharose FF were determined by batch adsorption experiments in 0.05 mol/L sodium acetate buffer at three pH values (4.5, 5.0 and 5.5) and three NaCl concentrations (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 mol/L) at pH 5.0. The ST model was found to depict the effects of pH and ionic strength on the single-component equilibria well, with model parameters depending on the pH and ionic strength. Moreover, the ST model gave acceptable fitting to the binary adsorption data with the fitted single-component model parameters, leading to the estimation of the binary ST model parameter. The effects of pH and ionic strength on the model parameters are reasonably interpreted by the electrostatic and thermodynamic theories. Results demonstrate the availability of the ST model for describing nonlinear competitive protein adsorption equilibria in the presence of two proteins.

关键词： fundamental importance     single-component equilibria     acceptable fitting     hemoglobin     chromatographic separation    

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Thermodynamic models and energy distribution of single-phase heated surface in a boiler under unsteady

Xiyan GUO, Yongping YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 69-74 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0117-7

摘要： A coal-fired power unit frequently operates under unsteady conditions; thus, in order to acquire scientific energy analysis of the unit, thermodynamic analysis of a single-phase heated surface in a boiler under such conditions requires investigation. Processes are analyzed, and distributions of energy and exergy are qualitatively revealed. Models for energy analysis, entropy analysis, and exergy analysis of control volumes and irreversible heat transfer processes are established. Taking the low-temperature superheater of a 610 t/h-boiler as an example, the distribution of energy, entropy production, and exergy is depicted quantitatively, and the results are analyzed.

关键词： thermodynamic model     energy distribution     boiler     unsteady conditions    

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Simulation on thermodynamic state of ammonia carbonation at low temperature and low pressure

Jingcai ZHAO, Xingfu SONG, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 447-455 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1370-1

摘要： This study on thermodynamic property of NH -CO -H O system provided the basic data for ammonia carbonation. Simulations on vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of ammonia carbonation with different physical properties were discussed in NH -H O and NH -CO -H O systems, respectively. The results indicated that at low temperature (303.15 K–363.15 K) and pressure (0.1–0.4 MPa), the PR (Peng-Robinson) equation was suitable for the description of the thermodynamic state in NH -H O system. NRTL (Non-Random-Two-Liquid) series models were selected for NH -CO -H O mixed electrolyte solution system. VLE data regression results showed that NRTL series models were suitable for describing thermodynamic properties of NH -CO -H O system, because average relative error fitting with each model was about 1%. As an asymmetric electrolytes model in NRTL model, E–NRTLRK (Electrolyte NRTL Redlich Kwong) could most accurately fit VLE data of NH -CO -H O system, with fitting error less than 1%. In the extent temperature range of 273.15 K–363.15 K, the prediction of product component using E-NRTLRK model for ammonia carbonation agreed well with the data reported in literature.

关键词： vapor-liquid equilibrium     activity coefficient     carbon dioxide     ammonia     NRTL    

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First law-based thermodynamic analysis on Kalina cycle

ZHANG Ying, HE Maogang, JIA Zhen, LIU Xun

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 145-151 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0021-6

摘要： Based on the first law of thermodynamics, and adopting the Peng-Robinson equation (P-R equation) as the basic equation for the properties of ammonia-water mixtures, a thermodynamic analysis on a single-stage distillation Kalina cycle is presented. A program to calculate the thermodynamic properties of ammonia-water mixtures, and that for calculating the performance of Kalina cycles, were developed, with which the heat-work conversion particulars of Kalina cycles were theoretically calculated. The influences on the cycle performance of key parameters, such as the pressure and temperature at the inlet of the turbine, the back pressure of the turbine, the concentration of the working solution, the concentration of the basic solution and the cycle multiplication ratio, were analyzed.

关键词： ammonia-water     P-R     single-stage distillation     Peng-Robinson     pressure    

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城市固体废弃物气化的热力学分析 Article

徐鹏程, 金涌, 程易

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第3期   页码 416-422 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.004

摘要：

本文的目的是用热力学分析方法来研究城市固体废弃物的气化特性。该热力学分析方法假设气化反应均达到热力学平衡条件，而不考虑反应器和过程特点。首先，我们选取了7 种城市固体废弃物( 包括厨余垃圾、木材、纸张、纺织品、橡胶、无氯塑料和聚氯乙烯)，作为水蒸气气化过程的原料，水蒸气温度为973~2273 K，水气比为1~5。研究发现，水气比对气化性质的影响与水蒸气温度对气化性质的影响基本相同。7 种城市固体废弃物之间的不同主要是由它们的组成不同引起的。接下来，我们用该热力学平衡模型对实际城市固体废弃物的气化进行了分析。研究发现，由于无机物主要影响反应器温度，因此可以将城市固体废弃物中的无机物当作 SiO2 或者 Al2O3 进行简化处理。我们采用水蒸气、氢气和空气作为气化介质，详细考察了其气体产物的组成，以便根据需要选取处理城市固体废弃物的气化介质。

关键词： 气化     废弃物处理     城市固体废弃物     热力学分析     气化介质    

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Thermodynamic analysis of steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production at atmospheric pressure

Ammaru Ismaila, Xueli Chen, Xin Gao, Xiaolei Fan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 60-71 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1975-0

摘要： Thermodynamic chemical equilibrium analysis of steam reforming of glycerol (SRG) for selective hydrogen production was performed based on the Gibbs free energy minimisation method. The ideal SRG reaction (C H O +3H O→3CO +7H ) and a comprehensive set of side reactions during SRG are considered for the formation of a wide range of products. Specifically, this work focused on the analysis of formation of H CO , CO and CH in the gas phase and determination of the carbon free region in SRG under the conditions at atmospheric pressure, 600€K–1100€K and 1.013 × 10 –1.013 × 10 Pa with the steam-to-glycerol feed ratios (SGFR) of 1:5–10. The reaction conditions which favoured SRG for H production with minimum coke formation were identifies as: atmospheric pressure, temperatures of 900€K–1050€K and SGFR of 10:1. The influence of using the inert carrier gas (i.e., N ) in SRG was studied as well at atmospheric pressure. Although the presence of N in the stream decreased the partial pressure of reactants, it was beneficial to improve the equilibrium yield of H . Under both conditions of SRG (with/without inert gas), the CH production is minimised, and carbon formation was thermodynamically unfavoured at steam rich conditions of SGFR>5:1.

关键词： steam reforming of glycerol     H2     N2     carbon deposition     thermodynamic analysis     Gibbs free energy minimisation    

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Inverse identification of the mechanical parameters of a pipeline hoop and analysis of the effect of

Ye GAO, Wei SUN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第3期   页码 358-368 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0539-9

摘要： To create a dynamic model of a pipeline system effectively and analyze its vibration characteristics, the mechanical characteristic parameters of the pipeline hoop, such as support stiffness and damping under dynamic load, must be obtained. In this study, an inverse method was developed by utilizing measured vibration data to identify the support stiffness and damping of a hoop. The procedure of identifying such parameters was described based on the measured natural frequencies and amplitudes of the frequency response functions (FRFs) of a pipeline system supported by two hoops. A dynamic model of the pipe-hoop system was built with the finite element method, and the formulas for solving the FRF of the pipeline system were provided. On the premise of selecting initial values reasonably, an inverse identification algorithm based on sensitivity analysis was proposed. A case study was performed, and the mechanical parameters of the hoop were identified using the proposed method. After introducing the identified values into the analysis model, the reliability of the identification results was validated by comparing the predicted and measured FRFs of the pipeline. Then, the developed method was used to identify the support stiffness and damping of the pipeline hoop under different preloads of the bolts. The influence of preload was also discussed. Results indicated that the support stiffness and damping of the hoop exhibited frequency-dependent characteristics. When the preloads of the bolts increased, the support stiffness increased, whereas the support damping decreased.

关键词： inverse identification     pipeline hoop     frequency response function     mechanical parameters     preload    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effect of thermodynamic parameters on the performance of refrigerator-ejector

Lihong CAO, Yicai LIU, Chao WAN, Tianlong XIN, Qian HUANG, Mingyan ZHANG

期刊论文

Preparation of adsorptive nanoporous membrane using powder activated carbon: Isotherm and thermodynamic

Majid Peyravi

期刊论文

Using thermodynamic parameters to study self-healing and interface properties of crumb rubber modified

Dongliang HU, Jianzhong PEI, Rui LI, Jiupeng ZHANG, Yanshun JIA, Zepeng FAN

期刊论文

A critical review on thermodynamic mechanisms of membrane fouling in membrane-based water treatment process

期刊论文

A thermodynamic study of the removal of HCl and H

Joseph LEE, Bo FENG

期刊论文

Microstructure investigation of dynamic recrystallization in hard machining: From thermodynamic irreversibility

Binxun LI, Xinzhi ZHANG, Song ZHANG

期刊论文

Models of thermodynamic and transport properties of POE VG68 and R410A/POE VG68 mixture

WEI Wenjian, DING Guoliang, HU Haitao, WANG Kaijian

期刊论文

A comparative thermodynamic analysis of Kalina and ORC cycles for hot dry rock: a prospect study in the

Xuelin ZHANG, Tong ZHANG, Xiaodai XUE, Yang SI, Xuemin ZHANG, Shengwei MEI

期刊论文

Analysis of statistical thermodynamic model for binary protein adsorption equilibria on cation exchange

ZHOU Xiaopeng, SU Xueli, SUN Yan

期刊论文

Thermodynamic models and energy distribution of single-phase heated surface in a boiler under unsteady

Xiyan GUO, Yongping YANG

期刊论文

Simulation on thermodynamic state of ammonia carbonation at low temperature and low pressure

Jingcai ZHAO, Xingfu SONG, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU

期刊论文

First law-based thermodynamic analysis on Kalina cycle

ZHANG Ying, HE Maogang, JIA Zhen, LIU Xun

期刊论文

城市固体废弃物气化的热力学分析

徐鹏程, 金涌, 程易

期刊论文

Thermodynamic analysis of steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production at atmospheric pressure

Ammaru Ismaila, Xueli Chen, Xin Gao, Xiaolei Fan

期刊论文

Inverse identification of the mechanical parameters of a pipeline hoop and analysis of the effect of

Ye GAO, Wei SUN

期刊论文