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Thermo-fluidic devices and materials inspired from mass and energy transport phenomena in biologicalsystem

Jian XIAO , Jing LIU ,

《能源前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 47-59 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0068-4

摘要: Mass and energy transport consists of one of the most significant physiological processes in nature, which guarantees many amazing biological phenomena and activities. Borrowing such idea, many state-of-the-art thermo-fluidic devices and materials such as artificial kidneys, carrier erythrocyte, blood substitutes and so on have been successfully invented. Besides, new emerging technologies are still being developed. This paper is dedicated to presenting a relatively complete review of the typical devices and materials in clinical use inspired by biological mass and energy transport mechanisms. Particularly, these artificial thermo-fluidic devices and materials will be categorized into organ transplantation, drug delivery, nutrient transport, micro operation, and power supply. Potential approaches for innovating conventional technologies were discussed, corresponding biological phenomena and physical mechanisms were interpreted, future promising mass-and-energy-transport-based bionic devices were suggested, and prospects along this direction were pointed out. It is expected that many artificial devices based on biological mass and energy transport principle will appear to better improve various fields related to human life in the near future.

关键词: bionics     mass transport     energy transport     artificial devices and materials     biology system     nature phenomena     medical device.    

我国陆路交通能源系统发展战略研究

杨勇平,武平,程鹏,师瑞峰,田新首

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第3期   页码 153-162 doi: DOI 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.016

摘要:

以能源高质量发展、交通强国建设为契机,推动能源与交通融合,将提升能源、交通两大基础行业的低碳化、高效化、集约化发展水平,支持实现我国碳达峰、碳中和战略目标。本文梳理了陆路交通能源系统的发展现状与趋势,阐述了能源与交通融合的必然性,提出了由动力层、物理层、应用层组成的新型交通能源系统架构;从能源主导、交通主导、能源交通并重等视角,分别剖析了互联电力网、电动化交通、能源交通融合网3 种新型交通能源系统形态。在评估高速公路、高速铁路等典型线路上交通能源系统可利用的自然资源禀赋潜力的基础上,提出了3 层结构、3 类形态、3 种驱动力相结合的陆路交通能源系统发展策略,以引导形成清洁低碳、融合高效的新型综合交通基础设施体系。研究认为,陆路交通能源系统的创新方向主要包括成套核心装备研制、融合系统构建与运维、技术规范与标准体系建设。为此建议,推进以清洁能源为主导、以电能为媒介的现代交通能源系统,创建清洁能源发电‒ 零碳原料燃料‒ 电动化驱动的新型交通动力系统,实施集能源、交通属性于一身的交通能源一体化新型基础设施规划建设。

关键词: 陆路交通     交通能源系统     互联电力网     电动化交通     能源交通融合网    

Multi-objective dynamic optimization model for China’s road transport energy technology switching

Dan GAO , Zheng LI , Feng FU , Linwei MA

《能源前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 247-253 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0048-3

摘要: Deducting the future switching of the road transport energy technology is one of the key preconditions for relative technology development planning. However, one of the difficulties is to address the issue of multi-objective and conflicting constrains, e.g., minimizing the climate mitigation or minimizing economic cost. In this paper, a dynamic optimization model was established, which can be used to analyze the road transport energy technology switching under multi-objective constrains. Through one case study, a series of solutions could be derived to provide decision-makers with the flexibility to choose the appropriate solution with respect to the given situation.

关键词: technology switching     transport energy system     multi-objective     CO2 mitigation    

Comparative transcriptomics revealed enhanced light responses, energy transport and storage in domestication

Zhiqiang XIA,Xin CHEN,Cheng LU,Meiling ZOU,Shujuan WANG,Yang ZHANG,Kun PAN,Xincheng ZHOU,Haiyan WANG,Wenquan WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 295-307 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016126

摘要: Cassava is a staple food, feed and bioenergy crop important to the world especially in the tropics. Domesticated cassava is characterized by powerful carbohydrate accumulation but its wild progenitor is not. Here, we investigated the transcriptional differences of eight cDNA libraries derived from developing leaf, stem and storage root of cassava cv. Arg7 and an ancestor line, W14, using next generation sequencing system. A total of 41302 assembled transcripts were obtained and from these, 25961 transcripts with FPKM≥3 in at least one library were named the expressed genes. A total of 2117, 1963 and 3584 transcripts were found to be differentially expressed in leaf, stem and storage root (150 d after planting), respectively, between Arg7 and W14 and ascribed to 103, 93 and 119 important pathways in leaf, stem and storage root, respectively. The highlight of this work is that the genes involved in light response, such as those for photosystem I (PSA) and photosystem II (PSB), other genes involved in light harvesting, and some of the genes in the Calvin cycle of carbon fixation were specially upregulated in leaf. Genes for transport and also for key rate-limiting enzymes (PFK, PGK and PK, GAPDH) coupling ATP consumption in glycolysis pathway were predominantly expressed in stem, and genes for sucrose degradation (INVs), amylose synthesis (GBSS) and hydrolysis (RCP1, AMYs), the three key steps of starch metabolism, and transport associated with energy translocation (ABC, AVPs and ATPase) and their upstream transcription factors had enhanced expression in storage root in domesticated cassava. Co-expression networks among the pathways in each organs revealed the relationship of the genes involved, and uncovered some of the important hub genes and transcription factors targeting genes for photosynthesis, transportation and starch biosynthesis.

关键词: cassava     comparative transcriptomics     energy transport     photosynthesis     starch synthesis    

Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free

Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 20-42 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0139-9

摘要: Water is perhaps the most widely adopted working fluid in conventional industrial heat transport engineering. However, it may no longer be the best option today due to the increasing scarcity of water resources. Furthermore, the wide variations in water supply throughout the year and across different geographic regions also makes it harder to easily access. To address this issue, finding new alternatives to replace water-based technologies is imperative. In this paper, the concept of a water-free heat exchanger is proposed and comprehensively analyzed for the first time. The liquid metal with a low melting point is identified as an ideal fluid that can flexibly be used within a wide range of working temperatures. Some liquid metals and their alloys, which have previously received little attention in thermal management areas, are evaluated. With superior thermal conductivity, electromagnetic field drivability, and extremely low power consumption, liquid metal coolants promise many opportunities for revolutionizing modern heat transport processes: serving as heat transport fluid in industries, administrating thermal management in power and energy systems, and innovating enhanced cooling in electronic or optical devices. Furthermore, comparative analyses are conducted to understand the technical barriers encountered by advanced water-based heat transfer strategies and clarify this new frontier in heat-transport study. In addition, the unique merits of liquid metals that could lead to innovative heat exchanger technologies are evaluated comprehensively. A few promising industrial situations, such as heat recovery, chip cooling, thermoelectricity generation, and military applications, where liquid metals could play irreplaceable roles, were outlined. The technical challenges and scientific issues thus raised are summarized. With their evident ability to meet various critical requirements in modern advanced energy and power industries, liquid metal-enabled technologies are expected to usher a new and global era of water-free heat exchangers.

关键词: heat exchanger     liquid metal     water resource     heat transport enhancement     coolant     thermal management     process engineering     energy crisis     chip cooling    

Abating transport GHG emissions by hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Chances for the developing world

Han HAO, Zhexuan MU, Zongwei LIU, Fuquan ZHAO

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 466-480 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0561-3

摘要:

Fuel cell vehicles, as the most promising clean vehicle technology for the future, represent the major chances for the developing world to avoid high-carbon lock-in in the transportation sector. In this paper, by taking China as an example, the unique advantages for China to deploy fuel cell vehicles are reviewed. Subsequently, this paper analyzes the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 19 fuel cell vehicle utilization pathways by using the life cycle assessment approach. The results show that with the current grid mix in China, hydrogen from water electrolysis has the highest GHG emissions, at 3.10 kgCO2/km, while by-product hydrogen from the chlor-alkali industry has the lowest level, at 0.08 kgCO2/km. Regarding hydrogen storage and transportation, a combination of gas-hydrogen road transportation and single compression in the refueling station has the lowest GHG emissions. Regarding vehicle operation, GHG emissions from indirect methanol fuel cell are proved to be lower than those from direct hydrogen fuel cells. It is recommended that although fuel cell vehicles are promising for the developing world in reducing GHG emissions, the vehicle technology and hydrogen production issues should be well addressed to ensure the life-cycle low-carbon performance.

关键词: hydrogen     fuel cell vehicle     life cycle assessment     energy consumption     greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions     China    

淮河生态经济带氢能运输走廊发展SWOT分析

张亮亮,刘 勇,周凌云

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第3期   页码 96-99

摘要:

针对汽车等载运工具消耗石油资源迅速增长而石油资源不足问题,用氢能做汽车等载运工具的燃料,是解决载运工具燃料问题的重要举措之一。国内已在江苏沿海建成非并网风电制氢示范工程,并规划建设沿淮千里淮河氢能运输走廊。本文通过SWOT(strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,threats)分析表明淮河生态经济带氢能运输走廊发展优势与劣势并存,机遇与威胁同在,并提出了淮河生态经济带氢能运输走廊发展目标。最后,本文提出了淮河生态经济带氢能运输走廊发展的对策与建议。

关键词: 氢能源汽车;运输走廊;加氢站;SWOT分析    

秦巴山脉绿色交通体系建设面临的挑战及应对思路

傅志寰,徐丽,蒋斌,王婧,赵羽

《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第5期   页码 17-23 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.05.003

摘要:

区域定位的改变必将影响交通运输发展的格局。对照秦巴山脉新的区域定位,交通运输发展还存在诸多的问题。本文分析了在建设国家中央主体生态功能示范区及国家中央公园这一目标下,秦巴山脉交通运输发展面临的主要挑战,针对该区域未来的经济社会发展和生态环境保护的双重需求,提出了建设秦巴山脉绿色交通体系的总体思路、发展重点和政策建议。

关键词: 秦巴山脉     绿色交通    

Decoupling optimization of integrated energy system based on energy quality character

Shixi MA, Shengnan SUN, Hang WU, Dengji ZHOU, Huisheng ZHANG, Shilie WENG

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 540-549 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0597-4

摘要:

Connections among multi-energy systems become increasingly closer with the extensive application of various energy equipment such as gas-fired power plants and electricity-driven gas compressor. Therefore, the integrated energy system has attracted much attention. This paper establishes a gas-electricity joint operation model, proposes a system evaluation index based on the energy quality character after considering the grade difference of the energy loss of the subsystem, and finds an optimal scheduling method for integrated energy systems. Besides, according to the typical load characteristics of commercial and residential users, the optimal scheduling analysis is applied to the integrated energy system composed of an IEEE 39 nodes power system and a 10 nodes natural gas system. The results prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词: integrated energy system     energy quality character     optimization     electric power system     natural gas system    

The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1336-8

摘要:

• Emission of microbe from local environments is a main source of bioaerosols.

关键词: Bioaerosols     Diffusion     Source identification     Biogeography    

Discussion on the System Optimization of the Energy Development Strategy and Plan

Da-di Zhou

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 147-152 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014022

摘要: Energy is an important basis for economic and social development, and is a critical economic sector. Due to the complexity of the energy system, the interactive relationship with economic and social development, and the enormous investment involved, the optimization of the energy system is of great significance. We should make efforts to develop targets and specific approaches for the rational and optimal development of an energy system in order to avoid big losses due to systematic mistakes.

关键词: energy development strategy     planning system     system optimization    

China’s hydropower energy system toward carbon neutrality

《工程管理前沿(英文)》   页码 677-682 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0196-2

摘要: Wind and solar powers will gradually become dominant energies toward carbon neutrality. Large-scale renewable energies, with strong stochasticity, high volatility, and unadjustable features, have great impacts on the safe operation of power system. Thus, an advanced hydropower energy system serving multiple energies is required to respond to volatility, with expanding role from a “stable energy supplier” to a “flexible efficiency regulator”. Future research and application can be considered from three aspects: 1) system expansion (e.g., the construction of large-scale hydropower/renewable energy bases in China, the construction of transnational hydropower energy internet, and the functional transformation of traditional hydropower reservoirs and generating units); 2) efficiency promotion (e.g., advanced intelligent forecasting, multi-objective operation, and risk management methods); and 3) supporting measures (e.g., market reform, benefit compensation and policy mechanism, technical standards, and laws and regulations).

关键词: hydropower system     carbon neutrality     artificial intelligence    

Optimal operation of integrated energy system including power thermal and gas subsystems

《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 105-120 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0814-z

摘要: As a form of hybrid multi-energy systems, the integrated energy system contains different forms of energy such as power, thermal, and gas which meet the load of various energy forms. Focusing mainly on model building and optimal operation of the integrated energy system, in this paper, the dist-flow method is applied to quickly calculate the power flow and the gas system model is built by the analogy of the power system model. In addition, the piecewise linearization method is applied to solve the quadratic Weymouth gas flow equation, and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) method is applied to narrow the optimal results of each subsystem at the coupling point. The entire system reaches its optimal operation through multiple iterations. The power-thermal-gas integrated energy system used in the case study includes an IEEE-33 bus power system, a Belgian 20 node natural gas system, and a six node thermal system. Simulation-based calculations and comparison of the results under different scenarios prove that the power-thermal-gas integrated energy system enhances the flexibility and stability of the system as well as reducing system operating costs to some extent.

关键词: integrated energy system     power-to-gas     dist-flow     piecewise linearization     alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)    

Intercontinental transport of air pollution

Lin ZHANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 20-29 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0014-7

摘要: There is an increasing interest on the intercontinental transport of air pollution among the three main emission regions at northern mid-latitudes: North America, Europe, and East Asia. Air pollutants with sufficient long lifetime can be transported from one continent to another. Observations from ground sites, aircraft and satellites have demonstrated this intercontinental-scale transport of air pollutants in the free troposphere. Numerical models have been applied to understand the pathways of the transport and the impact of intercontinental pollution transport. This paper reviews current observational evidence and modeling studies of intercontinental transport of ozone and its precursors, and the resulting impacts on air quality.

关键词: intercontinental transport     ozone     air pollution    

燃料/发动机系统的发展——实现可持续运输的途径 Review

Gautam Kalghatgi

《工程(英文)》 2019年 第5卷 第3期   页码 510-518 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.009

摘要:

全球对运输能源的需求巨大且不断增长,主要由在内燃机(ICE)中燃烧的石油衍生液体燃料来满足。此外,未来对航空燃油和柴油需求的增长速度预计将快于对汽油的需求,可能会使低辛烷值汽油更容易获得。许多重大措施力争发展电池电动汽车(BEV)和燃料电池作为内燃机汽车的替代品,并寻求如生物燃料和天然气等燃料作为传统液体燃料的替代燃料。然而,这些替代方案中的研究基础都非常薄弱,并且还要克服重大障碍从而快速自由地发展。因此,在未来几十年内,运输(特别是商业运输)将继续主要由燃用石油基液体燃料的内燃机提供动力。因此,只有通过改进内燃机才能确保交通运输的可承受性、能源安全,控制对温室气体(GHG)排放和空气质量的影响。实际上,内燃机在使用目前市场上燃料的同时,通过改进燃烧系统、控制系统和后处理系统,以及在部分电气化混动辅助下将进一步得到改进。然而,通过改进燃料/ 发动机系统,内燃机依旧还有很多发展空间,可以使我们更多地利用制造燃料过程中的收益并使用易于获得的部件。如汽油压燃(GCI),可在压缩点火发动机中使用低辛烷值汽油,使汽油受压缩着火。与现代柴油发动机相比,GCI可以实现接近柴油机的效率,且在成本更低的情况下较易控制氮氧化物(NOx)和颗粒物的排放。按需辛烷值(OOD)还有助于优化燃料的抗爆性能,从而提高系统的整体效率。

关键词: 运输能源     内燃机     汽油     柴油    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Thermo-fluidic devices and materials inspired from mass and energy transport phenomena in biologicalsystem

Jian XIAO , Jing LIU ,

期刊论文

我国陆路交通能源系统发展战略研究

杨勇平,武平,程鹏,师瑞峰,田新首

期刊论文

Multi-objective dynamic optimization model for China’s road transport energy technology switching

Dan GAO , Zheng LI , Feng FU , Linwei MA

期刊论文

Comparative transcriptomics revealed enhanced light responses, energy transport and storage in domestication

Zhiqiang XIA,Xin CHEN,Cheng LU,Meiling ZOU,Shujuan WANG,Yang ZHANG,Kun PAN,Xincheng ZHOU,Haiyan WANG,Wenquan WANG

期刊论文

Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free

Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

期刊论文

Abating transport GHG emissions by hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Chances for the developing world

Han HAO, Zhexuan MU, Zongwei LIU, Fuquan ZHAO

期刊论文

淮河生态经济带氢能运输走廊发展SWOT分析

张亮亮,刘 勇,周凌云

期刊论文

秦巴山脉绿色交通体系建设面临的挑战及应对思路

傅志寰,徐丽,蒋斌,王婧,赵羽

期刊论文

Decoupling optimization of integrated energy system based on energy quality character

Shixi MA, Shengnan SUN, Hang WU, Dengji ZHOU, Huisheng ZHANG, Shilie WENG

期刊论文

The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

期刊论文

Discussion on the System Optimization of the Energy Development Strategy and Plan

Da-di Zhou

期刊论文

China’s hydropower energy system toward carbon neutrality

期刊论文

Optimal operation of integrated energy system including power thermal and gas subsystems

期刊论文

Intercontinental transport of air pollution

Lin ZHANG,

期刊论文

燃料/发动机系统的发展——实现可持续运输的途径

Gautam Kalghatgi

期刊论文