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Climate change and China’s mega urban regions

Chaolin GU, Sunsheng HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 418-430 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0075-5

摘要: China’s mega urban regions are focal points of economic development and environmental concerns. This paper positions four mega urban regions (i.e., the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Bohai Bay Area, and the South-eastern Fujian Province) along China’s coast into the national economy and elaborates their development challenges and planning innovations. Mega urban regions in China are spatial consequences of rapid economic transition. They deserve close scrutiny and demands for innovative planning responses in order to maintain their key role in driving economic growth but limiting their greenhouse gas emission.

关键词: climate change     mega urban region     urban planning    

Treatability aspects of urban stormwater stressors

Anthony N. TAFURI, Richard FIELD

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 631-637 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0420-0

摘要: Pollution from diffuse sources (pollution from contaminants picked up and carried into surface waters by stormwater runoff) has been identified as a significant source of water quality problems in the U.S. scientists and engineers continue to seek solutions that will allow them to optimize existing technologies and develop new ones that will provide the best possible protection to people, wildlife, and the environment. This paper addresses the various pollutants or stressors in urban stormwater, including flow (shear force), pathogens, suspended solids/sediment, toxicants (organic and metals), nutrients, oxygen demanding substances, and coarse solids. A broad overview of the pollutants removed and the removal mechanisms by and of conventional best management practices (BMPs) is also presented. The principal treatment mechanisms of conventional wet ponds, vegetative swales/buffer strips, and wetlands are sedimentation and filtration. These mechanisms have the capability to remove significant amounts of suspended solids or particulate matter and are a vital component of strategies to reduce pollutant loads to receiving waters. In addition, because most of the nation’s receiving water violations are caused by pathogen indicator bacteria, it is of utmost importance that research efforts address this problem. Further research is also needed on the treatment of emerging contaminants in BMPs and on the costs and affects of maintenance and maintenance schedules on the long-term performance of BMPs.

关键词: stormwater     wet weather flow     urban runoff    

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 445-456 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021429

摘要:

● Patterns and effects of N deposition on urban forests are reviewed.

关键词: biodiversity     carbon sequestration     nitrogen deposition     nutrient imbalance     soil acidification     urban forest    

A survey of physical activity among urban women in China

Shilin DENG MD, Tongyuan LIU,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 463-469 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0081-y

摘要: Few studies have been conducted to assess the level of physical activity (PA) of women in China. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of PA among women in Wuhan and explore sociodemographic and behavioral correlation to PA for the population. A total of 1359 community-dwelling women (42.9713.60 years old) participated in this study. The long-version IPAQ was used to define the level of PA. 45.7% of women were considered physically active, and 27.5% were vigorously active. The proportion of physical inactivity was around 26.8%. The total and 4 domains of PA showed significant age, education level, and occupation variation. PA tended to be lower as the age declined. PA in transportation, housework, leisure time, and the total tended to be the lowest or the second lowest among the women aged 18–35 years old. PA tended to be lower as the level of education increased. Among the 5 indices, PAwas the lowest among women with college education, especially those with postgraduate education. PA tended to be the lowest among the women of office staff and instructor or technician. Generally, the total and 4 domains of PA showed significant age, education level, and occupation variation. Physical inactivity appears to be more common among younger women, or college-educated women, office ladies, and female instructor and technicians.

关键词: physical activity     urban women     China    

Green Innovation for Urban Traffic

Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 35-38 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015016

摘要: With the development of economy, the issue of urban traffic is becoming highlighted, the pollution of the urban traffic has become one of the main factors to influence environment. It faces the broader problem of achieving sustainable development of urban transportation at present. The current situation of urban traffic is analyzed through studying the existing articles at home and abroad in this paper; the problems such as green innovation of urban traffic are elaborated. In addition, this paper puts forward the relevant measures to promote the development of green innovation of the urban traffic.

关键词: urban traffic     green innovation     green transportation     sustainable development    

Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows for a large-scale urban rail transit system

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 250-261 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0180-2

摘要: Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows is an important approach in evaluating and optimizing the operation efficiency of large-scale urban rail transit (URT) systems. This study proposes a passenger–train interaction simulation approach to determine the coupling relationship between passenger and train flows. On the bases of time-varying origin–destination demand, train timetable, and network topology, the proposed approach can restore passenger behaviors in URT systems. Upstream priority, queuing process with first-in-first-serve principle, and capacity constraints are considered in the proposed simulation mechanism. This approach can also obtain each passenger’s complete travel chain, which can be used to analyze (including but not limited to) various indicators discussed in this research to effectively support train schedule optimization and capacity evaluation for urban rail managers. Lastly, the proposed model and its potential application are demonstrated via numerical experiments using real-world data from the Beijing URT system (i.e., rail network with the world’s highest passenger ridership).

关键词: urban rail transit     coupling analysis     passenger–train interaction     large-scale simulation    

Urban design based on public safety-Discussion on safety-based urban design

Kaizhen CAI, Jianguo WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 219-227 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0023-4

摘要: Because of public safety problems in construction of urban surroundings, this paper expounds the necessity of the study on public safety-based urban design in perspective of modern city. It brings forward the concept of safety-based urban design and attempts to explore the basic connotation and contents with framework for studies.

关键词: urban public safety     urban design     safety-based urban design    

Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第2期   页码 139-151 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0030-7

摘要: With the accelerated urbanization in China, passenger demand has dramatically increased in large cities, and traffic congestion has become serious in recent years. Developing public urban rail transit systems is an indispensable approach to overcome these problems. However, the high energy consumption of daily operations is an emerging issue due to increased rail transit networks and passenger demands. Thus, reducing the energy consumption and operational cost by using advanced optimization methodologies is an urgent task for operation managers. This work systematically introduces energy-saving approaches for urban rail transit systems in three aspects, namely, train speed profile optimization, utilization of regenerative energy, and integrated optimization of train timetable and speed profile. Future research directions in this field are also proposed to meet increasing passenger demands and network-based urban rail transit systems.

关键词: urban rail transit     energy saving     speed profile optimization     regenerative energy     train timetable    

Impact of household transitions on domestic energy consumption and its applicability to urban energy

Benachir MEDJDOUB, Moulay Larbi CHALAL

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 171-183 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017029

摘要: The household sector consumes roughly 30% of Earth’s energy resources and emits approximately 17% of its carbon dioxide. As such, developing appropriate policies to reduce the CO emissions, which are associated with the world’s rapidly growing urban population, is a high priority. This, in turn, will enable the creation of cities that respect the natural environment and the well-being of future generations. However, most of the existing expertise focuses on enhancing the thermal quality of buildings through building physics while few studies address the social and behavioral aspects. In fact, focusing on these aspects should be more prominent, as they cause between 4% and 30% of variation in domestic energy consumption. Premised on that, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect in the context of the UK of household transitions on household energy consumption patterns. To achieve this, we applied statistical procedures (e.g., logistic regression) to official panel survey data comprising more than 5500 households in the UK tracked annually over the course of 18 years. This helped in predicting future transition patterns for different household types for the next 10 to 15 years. Furthermore, it enabled us to study the relationship between the predicted patterns and the household energy usage for both gas and electricity. The findings indicate that the life cycle transitions of a household significantly influence its domestic energy usage. However, this effect is mostly positive in direction and weak in magnitude. Finally, we present our developed urban energy model “EvoEnergy” to demonstrate the importance of incorporating such a concept in energy forecasting for effective sustainable energy decision-making.

关键词: urban energy planning     household transitions     smart cities     energy forecasting     household projection     serious gaming    

Study of Sustainable Urban Rail Transit Development Model in China

Wen-wu Yang

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 195-201 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014026

摘要: As the grand urbanization rapidly progresses in China, Chinese government launches a magnificent urban rail transit development plan as the key part of the preferential public transportation strategy. It is very necessary to establish a viable public private partnership model for urban rail construction. The philosophy of transit-oriented-development (TOD) is discussed in this study by reviewing Hong Kong Railway+ Property development model which is proved very successful in mass transit rail development in Hong Kong. This paper examines current practice of urban transit as of conventional public transport infrastructure in China and looks into ways of getting over the bureaucratic and technologic hurdles in order to generating synergy value and opportunity of rail oriented urban development. Taking the TOD and public-private-partnership (PPP) study of Shenzhen metro line 6 as an example, the sustainable urban rail development model is introduced and elaborated. It concludes that the sustainable urban rail transit shall be able to energize the great potential of rail and urban development at macro, meso and micro levels, through effective integration of administration and technology resources, and generation of win-win scenarios among government, metro company, people and stakeholders.

关键词: urban rail transit     Railway+ Property(R+P)     sustainability     transit oriented development     private public partnership    

The linkage mechanism between urban intelligence and low carbon innovation

Ming LIN

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 584-586 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0076-6

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要:

• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.

• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.

• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.

• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.

• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.

 

Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.

Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.

Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.

Sustainable urban transportation development in China: A behavioral perspective

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 16-30 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0162-4

摘要: The rapid development of economics requires highly efficient and environment-friendly urban transportation systems. Such requirement presents challenges in sustainable urban transportation. The analysis and understanding of transportation-related behaviors provide one approach to dealing with complicated transportation activities. In this study, the management of traffic systems is divided into four levels with a structural and systematic perspective. Then, several special cases from the perspective of behavior, including purchasing behaviors toward new energy vehicles, choice behaviors toward green travel, and behavioral reactions toward transportation demand management policies, are investigated. Several management suggestions are proposed for transportation authorities to improve sustainable traffic management.

关键词: sustainable urban transportation     transportation behaviors    

The Exploration and Practice of the Development of Green Eco-Urban Areas in Guangzhou International Financial

Jia-meng Chen,Peng Liu

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 87-96 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016003

摘要: Active exploration has been carried out to determine a pattern for developing green eco-urban areas in the Starting Area of Guangzhou International Financial City with an emphasis on the core role of comprehensive green arrangement. By comparing and analyzing existing research, development of green technologies at home and abroad, and indicator systems of green urban areas of similar sizes, the builders developed a green ecological indicator system. They proposed a new concept called “district-level indicator” in order to emphasize the importance of classifying indicators according to different project situations. By verifying the indicators for all land parcels and assessing future costs and efficiency, experience accumulated in this project can be beneficial for future green eco-urban area development projects.

关键词: Guangzhou International Financial City     green eco-urban area     indicator system     case verification    

Big Data to support sustainable urban energy planning: The EvoEnergy project

Moulay Larbi CHALAL, Benachir MEDJDOUB, Nacer BEZAI, Raid SHRAHILY

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期   页码 287-300 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0081-9

摘要: Energy sustainability is a complex problem that needs to be tackled holistically by equally addressing other aspects such as socio-economic to meet the strict CO emission targets. This paper builds upon our previous work on the effect of household transition on residential energy consumption where we developed a 3D urban energy prediction system (EvoEnergy) using the old UK panel data survey, namely, the British household panel data survey (BHPS). In particular, the aim of the present study is to examine the validity and reliability of EvoEnergy under the new UK household longitudinal study (UKHLS) launched in 2009. To achieve this aim, the household transition and energy prediction modules of EvoEnergy have been tested under both data sets using various statistical techniques such as Chow test. The analysis of the results advised that EvoEnergy remains a reliable prediction system and had a good prediction accuracy (MAPE  5%) when compared to actual energy performance certificate data. From this premise, we recommend researchers, who are working on data-driven energy consumption forecasting, to consider merging the BHPS and UKHLS data sets. This will, in turn, enable them to capture the bigger picture of different energy phenomena such as fuel poverty; consequently, anticipate problems with policy prior to their occurrence. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing two scenarios of EvoEnergy development in relation to energy policy and decision-making.

关键词: urban energy planning     sustainable planning     Big Data     household transition     energy prediction    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Climate change and China’s mega urban regions

Chaolin GU, Sunsheng HAN

期刊论文

Treatability aspects of urban stormwater stressors

Anthony N. TAFURI, Richard FIELD

期刊论文

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

期刊论文

A survey of physical activity among urban women in China

Shilin DENG MD, Tongyuan LIU,

期刊论文

Green Innovation for Urban Traffic

Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu

期刊论文

Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows for a large-scale urban rail transit system

期刊论文

Urban design based on public safety-Discussion on safety-based urban design

Kaizhen CAI, Jianguo WANG

期刊论文

Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

期刊论文

Impact of household transitions on domestic energy consumption and its applicability to urban energy

Benachir MEDJDOUB, Moulay Larbi CHALAL

期刊论文

Study of Sustainable Urban Rail Transit Development Model in China

Wen-wu Yang

期刊论文

The linkage mechanism between urban intelligence and low carbon innovation

Ming LIN

期刊论文

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

期刊论文

Sustainable urban transportation development in China: A behavioral perspective

期刊论文

The Exploration and Practice of the Development of Green Eco-Urban Areas in Guangzhou International Financial

Jia-meng Chen,Peng Liu

期刊论文

Big Data to support sustainable urban energy planning: The EvoEnergy project

Moulay Larbi CHALAL, Benachir MEDJDOUB, Nacer BEZAI, Raid SHRAHILY

期刊论文