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温维亮,郭新宇 ,张颖,顾生浩,赵春江
《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第4期 页码 227-238 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.04.015
随着高通量检测技术的快速发展,作物生物学数据朝着多组学、多维度的层面快速积累。多组学信息的系统整合将进一步加速作物遗传研究、改良作物的优异农艺性状。2020年,华中农业大学成功整合了来自同一玉米群体的基因组、转录组、表型组、代谢组、表观基因组、遗传变异、遗传定位结果等多组学数据,构建了玉米定制化多组学数据库(ZEAMAP)[多组学分析
随着高通量测序技术的发展与完善,单组学研究日趋成熟,而整合多组学数据研究植物生长发育的工作方兴未艾。多组学研究在作物重要基因挖掘、全基因组关联分析、基因表达调控网络构建、作物全基因组选择、系统生物学研究等方面发挥着日益重要的作用。数字育种
多组学的智能设计育种是新一代育种核心技术。
促进肝癌致癌活性和细胞代谢的新型介质——miR-516a-3p
芮韬, 张学优, 冯时, 黄海涛, 詹少伟, 谢海洋, 周琳, 郑树森, 凌琪
《工程(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 页码 162-175 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.020
多组学导向的链霉菌1647产生的奥米克欣的发现——一组抗甲型流感病毒和冠状病毒HCoV-229E的活性类四肽化合物 Article
孙红敏, 李星星, 陈明华, 钟鸣, 李怡华, 王琨, 杜郁, 甄心, 高荣梅, 巫晔翔, 侍媛媛, 余利岩, 车永胜, 李玉环, 蒋建东, 洪斌, 司书毅
《工程(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 页码 176-186 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.010
代谢组扩展生物学的“旁中心法则”——对理解基因组学-糖组学-代谢组学-表观基因组学互作的意义
Albert Stuart Reece
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第26卷 第7期 页码 16-16 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.011
The central dogma of biology holds that the transcription of DNA into RNA and the translation of RNA into proteins forms the primary axis of biological activity [1]. Following major advances in the description of the complex glycan and lipid chains that are added onto these basic building blocks, the glycome and lipidome have recently been added to this doctrine as an exciting new extension named the ‘‘paracentral dogma” [2]. However, it has been pointed out that biological systems can include many layers, which are described in modern omics technology platforms relating to both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic layers of control, including metabolomic, microbiomic, immunological, epigenomic, epitranscriptomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic layers [3].
It is well known that stem and progenitor cells have a metabolism that is based on glycolysis and glutaminolysis [4]. Although this provides less energy to the cell than oxidative phosphorylation, it suffices for these cells’ needs, since such cells are generally relatively quiescent and normally suppress energy-intensive processes such as genome duplication and transcription. Moreover, it has been shown that the high intracellular lactate levels involved in such states not only inhibits the key gatekeeper enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation (i.e., pyruvate dehydrogenase and carnitine palmitoyl acyltransferase) but also actually covalently modifies them by lactylation in order to maintain this inhibited metabolic–epigenomic state [5]. In addition, intermediate metabolism and nutrients are the source of the very extensive library of post-translational modifications to DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as supplying cellular energy for many of the required reactions. Hence, the metabolic state locks in and reinforces the epigenomic state, and the metabolome and epigenome thereby play mutually reinforcing roles. This self-reinforcing coordination explains why it is so difficult to generate induced pluripotent cells and is a contributory explanation for why the described protocols typically have such low cellular yields.
These concepts become even more important when it is considered that cancer cells are de-differentiated, similarly rely on glycolysis and glutaminolysis, and are similarly metabolically–epigenomically–genomically synchronized. The disruption of this metabolic system is a key focus of mechanistic cancer research.
These important considerations imply that the descriptive and predictive power of the newly described ‘‘paracentral dogma” of biology may be usefully and meaningfully extended by including the metabolome, along with the genome, transcriptome, proteome, glycome, and lipidome, to describe cell-intrinsic regulation—not only in terms of another omics analytical layer but also as a fully predictive and interactive partner in the symphonic-like multilayer coordination that evidently comprises cellular regulatory layering.
新孢子虫病——分子流行病学及发病机制综述 Review
Asis Khan, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Patricia Sikorski, Jitender P. Dubey, Michael E. Grigg
《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第1期 页码 10-19 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.010
工业5.0——仿生学和合成生物学的关联及内涵 Artical
Peter Sachsenmeier
《工程(英文)》 2016年 第2卷 第2期 页码 225-229 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.015
仿生学(模仿生物特殊本领的学科) 以及合成生物学,将和过去50年的硅芯片一样与工程开发、工业发展产生紧密联系。化学工业已经将白色生物技术应用于新工艺、新材料和资源的可持续利用中。合成生物学也已经应用到第二代生物燃料的发展中,并利用特制的微生物或生物制催化剂获取太阳能。而仿生学在制药、处理工程以及DNA存储领域的市场潜力是巨大的。这些研究将给生物学带来新思考。生物工程将和今天的数字化技术一样驱动创新。本文讨论了生物工程,特别是碳基生物燃料的应用和细胞饰变的技术与风险。大数据、分析学和海量存储将是未来的发展方向。虽然合成生物学在未来50年将和当今的数字化一样普遍且具有革新能力,但是目前它的应用和影响力还处在初级阶段。本文采用了将生物工程发展分为五个阶段(DNA分析、生物回路、最小基因组、原始细胞、异源生物学)的普遍分类方法,阐述了其对安全与保障、工业发展以及生物工程和生物技术作为跨学科领域发展的影响,同时讨论了伦理问题及公众对仿生学和合成生物学结果的公众讨论的重要性
关键词: 仿生学 合成生物学 生物工程 生物传感器 生物燃料 生物武器 虚拟进化 原始细胞 异种细胞 经济意义 工业5.0 德国 中国
人类蛋白质N-糖基化的十二年全基因组关联研究 Review
Anna Timoshchuk, Sodbo Sharapov, Yurii S. Aulchenko
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第26卷 第7期 页码 17-31 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.013
Most human-secreted and membrane-bound proteins have covalently attached oligosaccharide chains, or glycans. Glycosylation influences the physical and chemical properties of proteins, as well as their biological functions. Unsurprisingly, alterations in protein glycosylation have been implicated in a growing number of human diseases, and glycans are increasingly being considered as potential therapeutic targets, an essential part of therapeutics, and biomarkers. Although glycosylation pathways are biochemically well-studied, little is known about the networks of genes that guide the cell- and tissue-specific regulation of these biochemical reactions in humans in vivo. The lack of a detailed understanding of the mechanisms regulating glycome variation and linking the glycome to human health and disease is slowing progress in clinical applications of human glycobiology. Two of the tools that can provide much sought-after knowledge of human in vivo glycobiology are human genetics and genomics, which offer a powerful data-driven agnostic approach for dissecting the biology of complex traits. This review summarizes the current state of human populational glycogenomics. In Section 1, we provide a brief overview of the N-glycan's structural organization, and in Section 2, we give a description of the major blood plasma glycoproteins. Next, in Section 3, we summarize, systemize, and generalize the results from current N-glycosylation genome-wide association studies (GWASs) that provide novel knowledge of the genetic regulation of the populational variation of glycosylation. Until now, such studies have been limited to an analysis of the human blood plasma N-glycome and the N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G and transferrin. While these three glycomes make up a rather limited set compared with the enormous multitude of glycomes of different tissues and glycoproteins, the study of these three does allow for powerful analysis and generalization. Finally, in Section 4, we turn to genes in the established loci, paying particular attention to genes with strong support in Section 5. At the end of the review, in Sections 6 and 7, we describe special cases of interest in light of new discoveries, focusing on possible mechanisms of action and biological targets of genetic variation that have been implicated in human protein N-glycosylation.
周利华
《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第7期 页码 90-94
矿山灾害学是一门综合性强并需不断扩充的矿山安全减灾科学。它与以往单一矿山灾害防治理论研究相比,具有综合性、预测性和经济性三大特征;它的安全减灾原理包含了安全哲学、安全经济学等八大原理;它的研究模型体现了宏观与微观相统一的原则。因此,矿山灾害学的研究,应以科学的系统论思想为指导,采用逻辑与历史相统一法,既要从微观上研究矿山灾害中单一灾种事故的防治技术和方法,又要在宏观上从不同学科、不同层次、不同的方位切入,对矿山灾害进行系统的研究
钟义信
《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第6期 页码 1-8
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
10x Genomics单细胞转录组测序及多组学数据挖掘技术
2019年08月02日
会议信息
多组学导向的链霉菌1647产生的奥米克欣的发现——一组抗甲型流感病毒和冠状病毒HCoV-229E的活性类四肽化合物
孙红敏, 李星星, 陈明华, 钟鸣, 李怡华, 王琨, 杜郁, 甄心, 高荣梅, 巫晔翔, 侍媛媛, 余利岩, 车永胜, 李玉环, 蒋建东, 洪斌, 司书毅
期刊论文
多组学联用揭示花粉过敏基于肠道菌的新机制
韩珮, 李丽莎, 王子熹, 锡琳, 于航, 丛林, 张正威, 符洁, 彭冉, 潘利斌, 马殊荣, 王学艳, 王洪田, 王向东, 王琰, 孙劲旅, 蒋建东
期刊论文
新孢子虫病——分子流行病学及发病机制综述
Asis Khan, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Patricia Sikorski, Jitender P. Dubey, Michael E. Grigg
期刊论文
陈学庚:塑料残膜污染治理技术新发展(2019年5月6日)
陈学庚(院士)
2021年01月27日
会议视频