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服务供应链的信息共享机制及绩效研究

杨善林,程飞,杨昌辉

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第8期页码 80-86

摘要：

文章研究的服务供应链包含一个服务供应商和一个服务集成商信息共享机制问题。服务供应商提供原始服务产品或活动给服务集成商，而服务集成商依次以附加值集成服务出售给客户。在不确定性市场环境下，客户服务需求量带有价格敏感和随机性的特征。在服务供应商和服务集成商之间，探析服务供应链的不同信息传输方式下信息共享机制问题，评估服务供应链的绩效，其结果强调服务业开展信息共享的必要性。

关键词： service supply chain service vendor service integrator information sharing coordination

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“信息阳光”——无冲突共享结构

李幼平

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第1期页码 24-27

摘要：

文章探讨一种非Internet原理的无冲突信息共享结构——“信息阳光”。“信息阳光”包含“数据流环境”和“个人需求代码”两个新概念。所谓“数据流环境”，是利用DVB技术，营造一种普照天下的高速数据流，每天都有数百GB的数据流经家庭。其流量如此之大，足以把上千种报纸、期刊、网站、课程的内容每天反复传播几十遍。所谓“个人需求代码”用来在上述数据流中辨认并下载用户有兴趣的内容，实现无需远程互联的交互选择。由于只需单向广播，大大降低了成本，也从原理上消除了互联结构固有的带宽冲突。

关键词：数据广播 DVB 网络无冲突

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我国公共卫生安全应急情报区块链共享体系研究

陈晓红,徐雪松,邵红燕,胡东滨,粟芸,毛星亮,唐湘博

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第5期页码 41-50 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.006

摘要：

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情（以下简称“新冠肺炎疫情”）已经造成严重的人员伤亡和经济损失，加强突发性公共卫生安全应急情报协同机制研究，构建更加高效可信的情报共享体系，已经成为完善和优化我国公共卫生安全情报管理的核心问题。本文分析了新冠肺炎疫情下公共卫生安全应急情报的结构特征和内涵，提出了我国突发疫情应急情报组织管理的新架构。结合区块链分布式信任机制，构建了分层级的应急部门情报共享区块链模型，深入阐述了应急情报联盟区块链、区块结构以及侧链交互机制的实现方式，给出了应急情报的上传、共享、下载与回溯流程。以南京市疫情发展为实证，通过情景模拟来验证本模型的有效性，并提出应对疫情的政策建议。为我国构建一个满足重大疫情防控需求且有力支撑平战结合、平疫结合应急管理的新型公共卫生情报体系提供决策参考及可行路径。

关键词：新冠疫情公共卫生安全应急情报共享联盟链

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Clinical data quality problems and countermeasure for real world study

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 352-357 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0351-1

摘要：

Real world study (RWS) has become a hotspot for clinical research. Data quality plays a vital role in research achievement and other clinical research fields. In this paper, the common quality problems in the RWS of traditional Chinese medicine are discussed, and a countermeasure is proposed.

关键词： real world study traditional Chinese medicine clinical and research information sharing system data quality problem data quality control

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Reducing CO emissions from the rebalancing operation of the bike-sharing system in Beijing

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 262-284 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0168-y

摘要： With the development of the bike-sharing system (BSS) and the introduction of green and low carbon development, the environmental impacts of BSS had received increasing attention in recent years. However, the emissions from the rebalancing of BSS, where fossil-fueled vehicles are commonly used, are usually neglected, which goes against the idea of green travel in a sharing economy. Previous studies on the bike-sharing rebalancing problem (BRP), which is considered NP-hard, have mainly focused on algorithm innovation instead of improving the solution model, thereby hindering the application of many existing models in large-scale BRP. This study then proposes a method for optimizing the CO₂ emissions from BRP and takes the BSS of Beijing as a demonstration. We initially analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of BSS, especially the flow between districts, and find that each district can be independently rebalanced. Afterward, we develop a rebalancing optimization model based on a partitioning strategy to avoid deciding the number of bikes being loaded or unloaded at each parking node. We then employ the tabu search algorithm to solve the model. Results show that (i) due to over launch and lack of planning in rebalancing, the BSS in Beijing shows great potential for optimization, such as by reducing the number of vehicle routes, CO₂ emissions, and unmet demands; (ii) the CO₂ emissions of BSS in Beijing can be reduced by 57.5% by forming balanced parking nodes at the end of the day and decreasing the repetition of vehicle routes and the loads of vehicles; and (iii) the launch amounts of bikes in specific districts, such as Shijingshan and Mentougou, should be increased.

关键词： bike-sharing CO₂ emissions environmental benefit partitioning strategy rebalancing problem

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Data sharing mechanism of various mineral resources based on blockchain

Yili REN, Jia LIANG, Jian SU, Gang CAO, He LIU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 592-604 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0132-2

摘要： Basins with various mineral resources coexisting and enriching often occupy an important strategic position. The exploration of various mineral resources is repetitive at present due to unshared data and imperfect management mechanism. This situation greatly increases the cost of energy exploitation in the country. Traditional data-sharing mode has several disadvantages, such as high cost, difficulty in confirming the right of data, and lack of incentive mechanism, which make achieving real data sharing difficult. In this paper, we propose a data-sharing mechanism based on blockchain and provide implementation suggestions and technical key points. Compared with traditional data-sharing methods, the proposed data-sharing mechanism can realize data sharing, ensure data quality, and protect intellectual property. Moreover, key points in the construction are stated in the case study section to verify the feasibility of the data-sharing system based on blockchain proposed in this paper.

关键词： data sharing blockchain various mineral resources collaborative exploration big data

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Research on Knowledge Sharing and Transfer in Remanufacturing Engineering Management Based on SECI Model

Ling-ling Zhang,Ming-hui Zhao,Qiao Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 136-143 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016030

摘要： In this paper, an application mode and method of knowledge management in remanufacturing engineering management is established based on Nonaka’s SECI model. The relationships between knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing and remanufacturing engineering management are highlighted. It is noticeable that a great deal of knowledge transfer and sharing activities, which can improve the performance of remanufacturing engineering management constantly, are involved in remanufacturing engineering.

关键词： remanufacturing engineering management knowledge transfer and sharing knowledge management

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Interaction behavior and load sharing pattern of piled raft using nonlinear regression and LM algorithm-based

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期页码 1181-1198 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0744-6

摘要： In the recent era, piled raft foundation (PRF) has been considered an emergent technology for offshore and onshore structures. In previous studies, there is a lack of illustration regarding the load sharing and interaction behavior which are considered the main intents in the present study. Finite element (FE) models are prepared with various design variables in a double-layer soil system, and the load sharing and interaction factors of piled rafts are estimated. The obtained results are then checked statistically with nonlinear multiple regression (NMR) and artificial neural network (ANN) modeling, and some prediction models are proposed. ANN models are prepared with Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm for load sharing and interaction factors through backpropagation technique. The factor of safety (FS) of PRF is also estimated using the proposed NMR and ANN models, which can be used for developing the design strategy of PRF.

关键词： interaction load sharing ratio piled raft nonlinear regression artificial neural network

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Collaborative adoption of blockchain technology: A supply chain contract perspective

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 121-142 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0239-8

摘要： The outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly affected the development of enterprises. In the post-pandemic era, blockchain technology has become one of the important technologies to help enterprises quickly gain market competitiveness. The heavy investment required of supply chain stakeholders to employ blockchain technology has hindered its adoption and application. To tackle this issue, this study aims to facilitate the adoption of blockchain technology in a supply chain consisting of a core enterprise and a small/medium-sized enterprise through an effective supply chain contract. We analyze the performance of a cost-sharing (CS) contract and a revenue-sharing (RS) contract and propose a new hybrid CS-RS contract for better performance. We conduct comparative analyses of the three contracts and find that the hybrid CS-RS contract can more effectively incentivize both parties to reach the highest level of blockchain technology adoption and achieve supply chain coordination.

关键词： blockchain collaborative adoption cost sharing revenue sharing hybrid contract

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从资源共享到服务共享：透明计算的机遇与挑战

张尧学,周悦芝

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第8期页码 10-17

摘要：

随着计算机和网络技术以及应用的不断快速发展，计算模式从最初的以主机计算为主，发展到以桌面(PC)计算为主，再发展到现在的以网络计算为主，乃至普适计算。然而，迄今为止的计算模式还是遵循以单机或单机联合为基础的单机思维模式，因此，目前的计算模式还是一种以“资源共享”为主要特征的计算。在网络和普适计算的新时代，用户关心的主要是服务和服务共享，计算机也将从以“资源共享”为特征的计算过渡到以“服务共享”为特征的计算。笔者提出一种适应于“服务共享”的计算模式——透明计算，并对其概念、体系结构及相关关键技术进行介绍。此外，还对透明计算的未来发展及影响进行展望。

关键词：普适计算资源共享服务共享透明计算

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发展共享汽车推动汽车强国建设

乔英俊,纪雪洪

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第1期页码 120-126 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.017

摘要：

本文介绍了共享汽车在国内外的发展现状与前景，并结合现阶段汽车发展的低碳化、电动化、网联化、智能化和共享化等新特征，着重对共享化推动汽车转型发展的影响进行了阐述。在此基础上，提出政府应将共享汽车放在汽车强国建设的战略高度，创造良好的发展环境，推动共享汽车在我国快速发展。

关键词：共享汽车汽车强国问题政策

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Load-sharing mechanism in timber-steel hybrid shear wall systems

Zheng LI,Minjuan HE,Frank LAM,Minghao LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 203-214 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0293-y

摘要： The lateral performance of timber-steel hybrid shear wall systems with regard to the interaction between the steel frame and the infill wood shear wall was investigated in this paper. A numerical model for the timber-steel hybrid shear wall system was developed and verified against test results. Design parameters, such as the lateral infill-to-frame stiffness ratio and the arrangements of wood-steel bolted connections were studied using the numerical model. Some design recommendations were also proposed based on the parametric analysis. In the hybrid shear wall system, the infill wood wall was found to resist a major part of the lateral load within relatively small wall drifts, and then the steel frame provided more lateral resistance. Under seismic loads, the infill wood wall could significantly reduce the inter-story drift of the hybrid system, and a complementary effect between the infill wood wall and the steel frame was observed through different lateral load resisting mechanisms, which provided robustness to the hybrid shear wall systems.

关键词： timer-steel hybrid shear wall load sharing mechanism seismic performance parametric analysis

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Planet position errors in planetary transmission: Effect on load sharing and transmission error

Miguel IGLESIAS, Alfonso FERNáNDEZ, Ana DE-JUAN, Ramón SANCIBRIáN, Pablo GARCíA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第1期页码 80-87 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0362-7

摘要：

In this paper an advanced model of spur gear transmissions developed by the authors is used to study the influence of carrier planet pin hole position errors on the behaviour of the transmission. The model, initially conceived for external gear modeling, has been extended with internal meshing features, and thus increasing its capabilities to include planetary transmission modeling. The new features are presented, along with the summary of the model general approach. The parameters and characteristics of the planetary transmission used in the paper are introduced. The influence of carrier planet pin hole position errors on the planet load sharing is studied, and several static cases are given as examples in order to show the ability of the model. Tangential and radial planet pin hole position errors are considered independently, and the effect of the load level is also taken into account. It is also given attention to the effect on the transmission error of the transmission. Two different configurations for the planetary transmission are used, attending to the fixed or floating condition of the sun, and the differences in terms of load sharing ratio are shown.

关键词： gear planetary epicyclic transmission load sharing transmission error

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健康医疗数据共享基本原则探讨

张建楠,李莹莹,顾宴菊,朱烨琳,何前锋

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第4期页码 93-100 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.012

摘要：

我国健康医疗数据共享尚处于初级阶段，隐私安全、数据权属不清与利益分配不明等关键问题阻碍了健康医疗数据共享的发展。健康医疗数据共享基本原则的建立可为科学开展健康医疗数据共享活动提供指导，促进健康医疗数据共享及价值变现。本文整理归纳了43项国际健康医疗数据共享基本原则内容，从法律、伦理道德和实践的角度出发，分析了国际上开展健康医疗数据共享活动时普遍关注和遵循的关键原则。研究发现，国际健康医疗数据共享中普遍重视价值、尊重、信任、公平与公正、安全、可评估与评估、规范性以及问责制原则的设定和体现。本文优化构建了高共识性健康医疗数据共享基本原则，有助于指导健康医疗数据共享活动的实施，促进我国健康医疗数据合理、合法、合规共享，推进大数据时代背景下“互联网 +”在健康医疗领域的深化应用。

关键词：数据共享，健康医疗，共享行为，基本原则

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Ascalable and efficient IPv4 address sharing approach in IPv6 transition scenarios

Guo-liang HAN,Cong-xiao BAO,Xing LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第8期页码 634-645 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500022

摘要： IPv6 has been an inevitable trend with the depletion of the global IPv4 address space. However, new IPv6 users still need public IPv4 addresses to access global IPv4 users/resources, making it important for providers to share scarce global IPv4 addresses effectively. There are two categories of solutions to the problem, carrier-grade NAT (CGN) and ‘A+P’ (each customer sharing the same IPv4 address is assigned an excluded port range). However, both of them have limitations. Specifically, CGN solutions are not scalable and can bring much complexity in managing customers in large-scale deployments, while A+P solutions are not flexible enough to meet dynamic port requirements. In this paper, we propose a hybrid mechanism to improve current solutions and have deployed it in the Tsinghua University Campus Network. The real traffic data shows that our mechanism can utilize limited IPv4 addresses efficiently without degrading the performance of applications on end hosts. Based on the enhanced mechanism, we propose a method to help service providers make address plans based on their own traffic patterns and actual requirements.

关键词： IPv6 transition Carrier-grade NAT (CGN) A+P Address sharing Dynamic switching