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Managing nutrient for both food security and environmental sustainability in China: an experiment for

Fusuo ZHANG, Zhenling CUI, Weifeng ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 53-61 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014006

摘要： The challenges of how to simultaneously ensure global food security, improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and protect the environment have received increasing attention. However, the dominant agricultural paradigm still considers high yield and reducing environmental impacts to be in conflict with one another. Here we examine a Three-Step-Strategy of past 20 years to produce more with less in China, showing that tremendous progress has been made to reduce N fertilizer input without sacrificing crop yield. The first step is to use technology for in-season root-zone nutrient management to significantly increase NUE. The second is to use technology for integrated nutrient management to increase both yield and NUE by 15%–20%. The third step is to use technology for integrated soil-crop system management to increase yield and NUE by 30%–50% simultaneously. These advances can thus be considered an effective agricultural paradigm to ensure food security, while increasing NUE and improving environmental quality.

关键词： integrated nutrient management integrated soil-crop system management environmental protection food security resource use efficiency

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Promoting green transformation by ensuring food security while reducing the environmental footprint of EDITORIAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年第11卷第1期页码 1-4 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024549

摘要：

Reconciling the challenges of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while limiting environmental damage that can result from operations of our food systems is an enormous challenge. In many parts of the world, agriculture is undergoing major transformations and this has been and still is particularly the case in China. In many countries, historical increases in food production have largely been achieved by increasing inputs of a range of resources, resulting in increased environmental footprints of the food produced. Agricultural development in China has resulted in unprecedented environmental degradation. Demand for food in China remains high and with an emphasis on national self-sufficiency in production of many food crops. There is an urgent need for the development of productive and more environmentally-friendly agricultural systems and improved environmental-economic-social resilience.

关键词： development transformation food security

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北京城市环境安全及突发重大环境灾害应急救援行动预案研究

卞有生

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第7期页码 1-10

摘要：

城市环境安全已成为当前环境问题的新热点。文章在分析北京当前所存在的环境不安全因素的基础上，提出北京城市环境安全及突发重大环境灾害应急行动预案研究。内容包括：北京城市环境安全研究；北京市环境灾害综合区划研究；北京市环境灾害管理决策咨询信息系统研究；北京城市气象灾害的防御及应急救援行动预案研究；应用GIS技术进行北京森林防火的研究；北京市沙尘暴的成因及防治对策研究；北京市健康安全与卫生防疫研究；北京市地震灾害防御研究；北京城市生命线系统工程的改造、完善与建设研究；北京市突发重大环境灾害应急救援行动预案编制研究；环境灾害对北京城市经济发展的影响及有关经济问题的研究。

关键词：环境安全环境灾害应急救援预案

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Spatial distribution of ecological security status assessment of West-Liaohe River based on geographic

WANG Geng, WU Wei

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 471-476 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0075-4

摘要： Eco-security assessment is a hot research area in resource and environmental science, which involves data with much spatial, non-linear, and random features. Geographic information system (GIS), as a useful tool to analyze and mana

关键词： environmental Eco-security assessment resource Geographic information non-linear

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中国陆地生态环境安全分区综合评价

石玉林,张红旗,许尔琪

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第8期页码 62-69

摘要：

当前我国资源、生态、环境最为突出的四个大问题是：环境污染、土壤侵蚀、水旱灾害和生物多样性受损，为全面评估我国陆地生态环境安全的态势，本文以水安全、土地安全、大气安全、生物质资源安全，即按水、土、气、生四大要素，选择16个项目，构建中国陆地生态环境安全度评价体系。进而，依据生态环境系统组合的宏观地带性与大区域的相似性与差异性，将中国陆地划分为10个大区，并按大区下的区域间差异划分出54个区块，对各大区生态环境的问题进行评述，提出实现“人与自然”再平衡的建议和措施。

关键词：生态环境安全度；分区；综合评价；中国

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Interactive DE for solving combined security environmental economic dispatch considering FACTS technology

Belkacem MAHDAD, K. SRAIRI, B. TAREK

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 429-447 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0270-x

摘要： This paper presents an efficient interactive differential evolution (IDE) to solve the multi-objective security environmental/economic dispatch (SEED) problem considering multi shunt flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. Two sub problems are proposed.The first one is related to the active power planning to minimize the combined total fuel cost and emissions, while the second is a reactive power planning (RPP) using multi shunt FACTS device based static VAR compensator (SVC) installed at specified buses to make fine corrections to the voltage deviation, voltage phase profiles and reactive power violation. The migration operation inspired from biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm is newly introduced in the proposed approach, thereby effectively exploring and exploiting promising regions in a space search by creating dynamically new efficient partitions. This new mechanism based migration between individuals from different subsystems makes the initial partitions to react more by changing experiences. To validate the robustness of the proposed approach, the proposed algorithm is tested on the Algerian 59-bus electrical network and on a large system, 40 generating units considering valve-point loading effect. Comparison of the results with recent global optimization methods show the superiority of the proposed IDE approach and confirm its potential for solving practical optimal power flow in terms of solution quality and convergence characteristics.

关键词： optimal power flow (OPF) economic dispatch environment differential evolution migration operator multi-objective flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) static VAR compensator (SVC)

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Environmental deterioration of farmlands caused by the irrational use of agricultural technologies

Xubin Pan,Zhongkui Luo,Yongbo Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0865-7

摘要： Without considering the ecosystem-dependence of agricultural production, irrational use of agricultural technologies could bring only short-term economic benefits but leave long-term environmental deterioration. If some agricultural lands have to be abandoned because of these technologies such as chemical films or groundwater depletion, it will aggravate the burden of remaining lands for maintaining or enhancing production. Thus, agricultural production should be a part of public services, requiring the consideration of interests of different stakeholders and sustainability.

关键词： agricultural film groundwater exploitation food security environmental cost

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Industrial land expansion in rural China threatens environmental securities

Chi Zhang, Wenhui Kuang, Jianguo Wu, Jiyuan Liu, Hanqin Tian

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1321-2

摘要： Abstract • China’s rural industrial land (RIL) area quadrupled from 1990 to 2015. • RIL expansion cost 9% of China’s crop production and threatened human/ecosystem safety. • The underprivileged population bears a disproportionally large share of the risks. China’s rural industrialization has been a major driver for its rapid economic growth during the recent decades, but its myriad environmental risks are yet to be fully understood. Based on a comprehensive national land-use data set, our study shows that the area of China’s rural industrial land (RIL) quadrupled during 1990–2015, reaching 39000 km2 in 2015, comparable to urbanization in magnitude but with a much greater degree of landscape fragmentation which implies stronger ecological and environmental impacts. About 91% of the protected areas in the central China were within 50 km from rural industrial land, thus exposed to industrial disturbances. Accelerated rural industrial land expansion, particularly in regions under high geo-hazard risks, led to dramatically increased environmental risks, threatening the safety and health of both rural industrial workers and residents. Moreover, negative effects from rural industrial land expansion could partially offset the crop production growth in recent decades. The underprivileged rural population in the west bears a disproportionally large share of the increased environmental risks. China urgently needs to design and implement sustainable policies to restrict and reshape its rural industrialization. This study aims to inspire policy makers and researchers to rethink the current model of industrial expansion and improve rural industrial land planning, which is important for achieving the sustainable development goals of China.

关键词： Industrialization Land-use change Environment risks Environmental security Urbanization China

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Producing more with less: reducing environmental impacts through an integrated soil-crop system management

Zhenling CUI, Zhengxia DOU, Hao YING, Fusuo ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 14-20 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019295

摘要：

Balancing crop productivity with resource use efficiency and beneficial environmental consequences is essential for sustainable agricultural development worldwide. Various strategies and approaches have been proposed and debated, but turning the concept into management practices in the field with measurable outcomes over several scales remains a challenge. An innovative approach, Integrated Soil-Crop System Management (ISSM), for producing more grain with greater nutrient use efficiencies and less environmental pollution is presented. The ISSM approach has been used in China, in field experiments as well as in thousands of farmer fields, to substantially increase the yields of maize, rice and wheat while simultaneously increasing nitrogen use efficiency and reducing environmental footprints. The scientific principle, implementation strategy and procedures of ISSM are discussed and examples of its demonstrated successes at local and regional levels across China are given. Perspectives for further development of ISSM and expanding its potential impact are also proposed and discussed.

关键词： China environmental protection food security high-yielding nitrogen management

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Agriculture green development in China: insights and advances REVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年第11卷第1期页码 5-19 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024535

摘要：

Reconciling the tasks of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while preserving the environment and natural ecosystems simultaneously is an enormous challenge. The concept of agriculture green development (AGD) and the necessary governmental policies were developed to address the aforementioned challenge in China and to help achieve the related global sustainable development goals. Agriculture green development emphasizes the synergy between green and development; current agriculture has to transform from the intensive farming with high inputs, high environmental impacts and low resource-use efficiency to a more sustainable agriculture, in order to ensure an adequate supply of nutritious food while delivering environmental integrity, improved economic profitability, and social equity. A research program on AGD was established by China Agricultural University with four research themes, namely: green crop production, green integrated crop-animal production, green food and industry, and green ecological environment and ecosystem services, to provide a scientific basis for future developments and to facilitate the implementation of AGD in practice. AGD requires a multistakeholder approach, fueled by innovative and interdisciplinary research. Joint actions have to be taken by governments, farmers, supply industries, consumers, educators, extension services and researchers to support AGD. This requires strong coordination and public awareness campaigns. This review presents the progress that has been made over the past 5 years and makes recommendations for more research and development, in order to better deliver agricultural green and sustainable development on national and international scales.

关键词： Agriculture ecosystem services environmental protection food security green development multi-sectoral cooperation sustainable development

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Can crop science really help us to produce more better-quality food while reducing the world-wide environmental

William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 28-44 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019299

摘要：

This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and supply. We must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our planet. There are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange (KE) framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the globe. We discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be reduced and labor shortages combatted. Exploitation of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical application. It is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective KE mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.

关键词： food security environmental sustainability crop water use efficiency crop science diet and health

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Review on drivers, trends and emerging issues of the food wastage in China

Lin MA,Wei QIN,Tara GARNETT,Fusuo ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 159-167 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015066

摘要： China has successfully achieved food self-sufficiency over the past 50 years, however, with large inputs and losses. To meet the challenge of feeding a growing population with limited resources, many studies have explored options for improving productivity and efficiency of the food production. However, there have been few studies into the potential of reducing food loss along the whole food production-consumption chain. Here we review the literature on food waste in China. We briefly analyze (1) the drivers that influence levels of food waste in the food chain, (2) examine trends in the volumes and types of food wasted at different stages in the food chain, (3) assess the environmental and resource consequences of food waste in the food chain, and (4) evaluate the policy and stakeholder responses to the emerging challenges. It is concluded that reducing food loss and meeting food security in China requires a coherent institutional structure that promotes the synergistic outcomes of research, policy and education. Suggested key actions include (1) improving machinery and facility for sowing, harvesting, transportation and storage, which can reduce food loss by up to 50%, and (2) improving food waste recycling management, based on coupled food production and consumption systems.

关键词： food security food chain food wastes and losses environmental impacts

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Soil security and global food security PERSPECTIVE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年第11卷第2期页码 297-302 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023530

摘要：

Over the course of the postglacial period has managed to add degrade a substantial portion of the world’s potential agricultural land. The soil loss and degradation that has repeatedly impacted regional societies around the world resulted from agricultural practices that increased the physical loss of soil (erosion), reduced soil organic matter, changed pH (acidification) or salinity, and disrupted or altered communities of soil life. In the coming century, as continued soil degradation threatens global food security while the global population keeps rising it is imperative that farmers develop and adopt soil-health building (regenerative) practices to solve a problem that has plagued societies throughout history. Growing evidence suggests that agricultural systems that combine cover crops, reduced tillage, and diverse crop rotations can reduce erosion, enhance soil health and rebuild soil organic matter to cultivate beneficial soil life and harvest both economic and environmental benefits. In the coming post-oil world, global food security would benefit from a global effort to promote soil restoration to help addresses the challenge of sustainably feeding the world, increase soil-based carbon sequestration, protect on-farm biodiversity and reduce off-farm water pollution. Because soil security sets a solid foundation for global food security, agricultural policies and subsidies should be reformed to encourage farmers to adopt regenerative, soil-building practices.

关键词： Agriculture soil security food security regenerative

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Protein security and food security in China

Zheng RUAN,Shumei MI,Yan ZHOU,Zeyuan DENG,Xiangfeng KONG,Tiejun LI,Yulong YIN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 144-151 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015062

摘要： Food security, the need to meet nutritional requirements, and four main problems for food protein security in China are analyzed. From the perspective of residents’ nutritional requirements and balanced dietary patterns, the conclusion is that food security in China is in essence dependent on protein production and security of supply and that fat and carbohydrates supply in China can reach self-sufficiency. Considering the situation of food protein production and consumption in China, policy suggestions are made, which could ensure a balanced supply and demand for food protein and food security in China.

关键词： food security protein security nutrition dietary pattern

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An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism forenvironmental management

LI Wei,HU Mengze

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 316-328 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0625-5

摘要： Considering the significant roles of the policies in developing environmental finance, an overview is conducted on the environmental finance policies (EFPs) in China. This paper analyzed the definition, scope, evolution and main instruments of EFPs. The implementation progress of financial activities on each instrument are investigated respectively. Then the experiences learned from and failures discovered in the development of the EFPs are discussed well recommendations for further improvement of the EFPs and their implementation are provided. Our study found that the EFPs have been established in China after a four-phase evolution since the early 1980s. The policies have played a critical role in leading to a rapid development in environmental finance by involving more financial instruments to accomplish the objective-led environmental plans. Driven by the policies, the new green credit (GC), green security (GS), and green insurance (GI) instruments have been phased in as supplements to the conventional command and control approaches to improve the environmental governance of financial activities and pollution sources. However, the market mechanism of financial institution is limited due to their defensive and incapable performance on implementation some of EFP instruments. To further strengthen the effectiveness of EFPs in facilitating environmental management, recommendations are made mainly on the aspects including developing more specific policy guidelines, enhancing information sharing and disclosure, providing sufficient economic incentives, establishing environmental liabilities with financial activities, and involving issues related to climate change, and biodiversity and ecosystem service.

关键词： environmental finance policy integrated mechanism phased evolution implementation progress financial institution environmental management