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Numerical simulation of rime ice accretion on a three-dimensional wind turbine blade using a Lagrangian

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第12期页码 1895-1906 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0971-0

摘要： The accreted ice on wind turbine blades significantly deteriorates the blade aerodynamic performance and consequently the power production. The existing numerical simulations of blade icing have mostly been performed with the Eulerian approach for two-dimensional (2D) blade profiles, neglecting the possible three-dimensional (3D) rotating effect. This paper conducts a numerical simulation of rime ice accretion on a 3D wind turbine blade using the Lagrangian approach. The simulation results are validated through previously published experimental data. The icing characteristics along the blade radial direction are then investigated in detail. Significant radial airflow along the blade is observed, which demonstrates the necessity of 3D simulation. In addition, more droplets are found to impinge on the blade surface near the tip region, thereby producing severer ice accretion there. The accreted ice increases almost linearly along the blade radial direction in terms of both ice mass and maximum ice thickness.

关键词： ice accretion wind turbine numerical simulation Lagrangian approach

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Investigation of vortical flows over oscillating body using fast Lagrangian vortex method

Baoshan ZHU ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 297-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0010-4

摘要： A computational method facilitating long-time and high-resolution unsteady vortical flows is developed with the advantages of the discrete vortex methods. Both the velocity and pressure distribution of the flow field are calculated by integral formulations in combination with a fast summation algorithm. The vorticity field is described by Lagrangian representation, which is well suited to the moving boundary. Viscosity diffusion of the vorticity is considered with the core spreading model corrected by an adaptive splitting and merging algorithm. The effectiveness of the present method is examined by comparing the numerical results of unsteady separated flows which pass a cylinder and a thin cambered blade undergoing rotational oscillations with available experimental results. Interesting results about vortex shedding patterns and lock-in characteristics are provided for the thin cambered blade.

关键词： unsteady vortical flows fast vortex method vortex shedding rotational oscillation thin cambered blade

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Implementation of total Lagrangian formulation for the elasto-plastic analysis of plane steel frames

Bing XIA, Yuching WU, Zhanfei HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 257-266 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0163-9

摘要： In this paper, the co-rotational total Lagrangian forms of finite element formulations are derived to perform elasto-plastic analysis for plane steel frames that either experience increasing external loading at ambient temperature or constant external loading at elevated temperatures. Geometric nonlinearities and thermal-expansion effects are considered. A series of programs were developed based on these formulations. To verify the accuracy and efficiency of the nonlinear finite element programs, numerical benchmark tests were performed, and the results from these tests are in a good agreement with the literature. The effects of the nonlinear terms of the stiffness matrices on the computational results were investigated in detail. It was also demonstrated that the influence of geometric nonlinearities on the incremental steps of the finite element analysis for plane steel frames in the presence of fire is limited.

关键词： co-rotational total Lagrangian geometrical nonlinearity fire elasto-plastic

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Lagrangian simulation of deposition of CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow

HUANG Dongping, DING Guoliang, QUACK Hans

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 216-221 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0032-3

摘要： Freezing and blockage resulting from the deposition of solid CO formed because of sudden expansion of the downstream pipe during the release of CO through safety valves, will endanger the protected equipment. To overcome this problem, the characteristics of the CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow are studied by using the disperse Lagrangian model. A comparison of the calculated deposition of the solid CO with the experimental results shows that they are in reasonable agreement. The simulation results show that the size of the solid CO formed should not be in the range of 0.04–0.07 mm ( number 3.2–9.8). This can be achieved by using an appropriate flow cross section of the safety valve.

关键词： comparison gas-solid downstream blockage Lagrangian

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based highly undersampled MR image reconstruction using patch-based constraint splitting augmented Lagrangian

Min YUAN,Bing-xin YANG,Yi-de MA,Jiu-wen ZHANG,Fu-xiang LU,Tong-feng ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第12期页码 1069-1087 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400423

摘要： Recently, dictionary learning (DL) based methods have been introduced to compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI), which outperforms pre-defined analytic sparse priors. However, single-scale trained dictionary directly from image patches is incapable of representing image features from multi-scale, multi-directional perspective, which influences the reconstruction performance. In this paper, incorporating the superior multi-scale properties of uniform discrete curvelet transform (UDCT) with the data matching adaptability of trained dictionaries, we propose a flexible sparsity framework to allow sparser representation and prominent hierarchical essential features capture for magnetic resonance (MR) images. Multi-scale decomposition is implemented by using UDCT due to its prominent properties of lower redundancy ratio, hierarchical data structure, and ease of implementation. Each sub-dictionary of different sub-bands is trained independently to form the multi-scale dictionaries. Corresponding to this brand-new sparsity model, we modify the constraint splitting augmented Lagrangian shrinkage algorithm (C-SALSA) as patch-based C-SALSA (PB C-SALSA) to solve the constraint optimization problem of regularized image reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the trained sub-dictionaries at different scales, enforcing sparsity at multiple scales, can then be efficiently used for MRI reconstruction to obtain satisfactory results with further reduced undersampling rate. Multi-scale UDCT dictionaries potentially outperform both single-scale trained dictionaries and multi-scale analytic transforms. Our proposed sparsity model achieves sparser representation for reconstructed data, which results in fast convergence of reconstruction exploiting PB C-SALSA. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms conventional CS-MRI methods in maintaining intrinsic properties, eliminating aliasing, reducing unexpected artifacts, and removing noise. It can achieve comparable performance of reconstruction with the state-of-the-art methods even under substantially high undersampling factors.

关键词： Compressed sensing (CS) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Uniform discrete curvelet transform (UDCT) Multi-scale dictionary learning (MSDL) Patch-based constraint splitting augmented Lagrangian shrinkage algorithm (PB C-SALSA)

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Design and evaluation of a novel biopsy needle with hemostatic function

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0738-7

摘要： Biopsy is a method commonly used for early cancer diagnosis. However, bleeding complications of widely available biopsy are risky for patients. Safer biopsy will result in a more accurate cancer diagnosis and a decrease in the risk of complications. In this article, we propose a novel biopsy needle that can reduce bleeding during biopsy procedures and achieve stable hemostasis. The proposed biopsy needle features a compact structure and can be operated easily by left and right hands. A predictive model for puncture force and tip deflection based on coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) method is developed. Experimental results show that the biopsy needle can smoothly deliver the gelatin sponge hemostatic plug into the tissue. Although the hemostatic plug bends, the overall delivery process is stable, and the hemostatic plug retains in the tissue without being affected by the withdrawal of the needle. Further experiments indicate that the specimens are well obtained and evenly distributed in the groove of the outer needle without scattering. Our proposed design of biopsy needle possesses strong ability of hemostasis, tissue cutting, and tissue retention. The CEL model accurately predicts the peak of puncture force and produces close estimation of the insertion force at the postpuncture stage and tip position.

关键词： cancer diagnosis biopsy needle hemostatic function predictive model coupled Eulerian−Lagrangian

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Simulation analysis of environmental risk accident and management of high-sulfur gas field development in complex terrain

WANG Xiao, HAO Fanghua, ZHANG Xuan, SUN Wen, CHENG Hongguang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 318-325 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0033-9

摘要： Environmental risk of high sulfur gas field exploitation has become one of the hot spots of environmental management studies. Severe gas HS blowout accidents in recent years have shown that poor understanding and estimates of the poisonous gas movement could lead to dangerous evacuation delays. It is important to evaluate the real concentration of HS, especially in complex terrain. Traditional experiential models are not valid in the case of rough terrain, especially in low-lying areas where the gas accumulates. This study, using high sulfur content gas field of Sichuan “Pu Guang gas field” as study object and adopting objective diagnosis of wind field of land following coordinate three dimensions, applied Lagrangian Puff Model and breaking up technique of puffs to simulate the HS diffusion condition of blowout accidents produced in the high sulfur content gas field of complex terrain area. The results showed that the HS distribution did not occur mainly in low wind direction, and due to the obstruction of the mountain’s body, it accumulated in front of mountain on produced turn over, flowed around submitted jumping type distribution. The mountain waist near the hilltop and low hollow river valley site rapture points simulating contrast showed that the higher the rapture point, the better the diffusing condition of pollutant, the distribution of risk sensitive point decided piping rupture environmental risk size combining the HS diffusion result and residential area dispersing in the study area, synthetic judge located in the high rapture point environmental risk was smaller than the low hollow point, thus it was suggested to carryout laying of lining build of equal high line of higher terrain. According to simulation results, the environmental risk management measures aimed at putting down adverse effects were worked out.

关键词： mountain ’ rapture Lagrangian hollow produced

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A solution to unit commitment problem using invasive weed optimization algorithm

B. SARAVANAN, E. R. VASUDEVAN, D. P. KOTHARI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 487-494 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0279-1

摘要： Unit commitment (UC) is one of the most important aspect of power generation in the world today. Though, there is no method to find the exact optimized solution, there exists several meta-heuristic algorithms to determine the close to exact solution. This paper proposes a novel solution to effectively determine UC and generation cost using the technique of invasive weed optimization (IWO). The existing technique distributes the load demand among all the generating units. The method proposed here utilizes the output of UC obtained by using the Lagrangian relaxation (LR) method and calculates the required generation from only the plants that are ON discarding the OFF generator units and thereby giving a faster and more accurate response. Moreover, the results show the comparison between the LR-particle swarm optimization (PSO) and LR-IWO, and prove that the cost of generation for a 4 unit, 8 hour schedule is much less in the case of IWO when compared to PSO.

关键词： Lagrangian relaxation (LR) invasive weed optimization (IWO) economic dispatch optimization fuel cost seed fitness