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NOx removal by non-thermal plasma reduction: experimental and theoretical investigations

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第10期   页码 1476-1484 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2165-z

摘要： Green and efficient NOx removal at low temperature is still desired. NOx removal via non-thermal plasma (NTP) reduction is one of such technique. This work presents the experimental and theoretical study on the NOx removal via NTP reduction (NTPRD) in dielectric barrier discharge reactor (DBD). The effect of O2 molar fraction on NOx species in the outlet of DBD, and effects of NH3/NO molar ratio and discharge power of DBD on NOx removal efficiency are investigated. Results indicate that anaerobic condition and higher discharge power is beneficial to direct removal of NOx, and the NOx removal efficiency can be up to 98.5% under the optimal operating conditions. It is also found that adding NH3 is favorable for the reduction of NOx to N2 at lower discharge power. In addition, the NOx removal mechanism and energy consumption analysis for the NTPRD process are also studied. It is found that the reduced active species ( N∗, N−, N+, N2∗, NH2+, etc.) generated in the NTPRD process play important roles for the reduction of NOx to N2. Our work paves a novel pathway for NOx removal from anaerobic gas in industrial application.

关键词： ${\rm{NO}}_x $ removal     NTP reduction     mechanism     energy consumption    

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Siliceous mesocellular foam supported Cu catalysts for promoting non-thermal plasma activated CO hydrogenation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年 第18卷 第7期   页码 77-77 doi: 10.1007/s11705-024-2419-z

摘要： Electrified non-thermal plasma (NTP) catalytic hydrogenation is the promising alternative to the thermal counterparts, being able to be operated under mild conditions and compatible with green electricity/hydrogen. Rational design of the catalysts for such NTP-catalytic systems is one of the keys to improve the process efficiency. Here, we present the development of siliceous mesocellular foam (MCF) supported Cu catalysts for NTP-catalytic CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The findings show that the pristine MCF support with high specific surface area and large mesopore of 784 m2·g−1 and ~8.5 nm could promote the plasma discharging and the diffusion of species through its framework, outperforming other control porous materials (viz., silicalite-1, SiO2, and SBA-15). Compared to the NTP system employing the bare MCF, the inclusion of Cu and Zn in MCF (i.e., Cu1Zn1/MCF) promoted the methanol formation of the NTP-catalytic system with a higher space-time yield of methanol at ~275 μmol·gcat−1·h−1 and a lower energy consumption of 26.4 kJ·mmolCH3OH−1 (conversely, ~225 μmol·gcat−1·h−1 and ~71 kJ·mmolCH3OH−1, respectively, for the bare MCF system at 10.1 kV). The findings suggest that inclusion of active metal sites (especially Zn species) could stabilize the CO2/CO-related intermediates to facilitate the surface reaction toward methanol formation.

关键词： non-thermal plasma (NTP) catalysis     Cu catalyst     CO2 hydrogenation     methanol     siliceous mesocellular foam (MCF)    

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Non-thermal plasma enhances performances of biochar in wastewater treatment and energy storage applications

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 475-483 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2070-x

摘要： Surface functionalization or modification to introduce more oxygen-containing functional groups to biochar is an effective strategy for tuning the physicochemical properties and promoting follow-up applications. In this study, non-thermal plasma was applied for biochar surface carving before being used in contaminant removal and energy storage applications. The results showed that even a low dose of plasma exposure could introduce a high number density of oxygen-functional groups and enhance the hydrophilicity and metal affinity of the pristine biochar. The plasma-treated biochar enabled a faster metal-adsorption rate and a 40% higher maximum adsorption capacity of heavy metal ion Pb2+. Moreover, to add more functionality to biochar surface, biochar with and without plasma pre-treatment was activated by KOH at a temperature of 800 °C. Using the same amount of KOH, the plasma treatment resulted in an activated carbon product with the larger BET surface area and pore volume. The performance of the treated activated carbon as a supercapacitor electrode was also substantially improved by>30%. This study may provide guidelines for enhancing the surface functionality and application performances of biochar using non-thermal-based techniques.

关键词： non-thermal plasma     surface functionalization     biochar modification     wastewater treatment     supercapacitor    

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Plasma-catalysis: Is it just a question of scale?

J. Christopher Whitehead

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 264-273 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1794-3

摘要： The issues of describing and understanding the changes in performance that result when a catalyst is placed into plasma are discussed. The different chemical and physical interactions that result and how their combination might produce beneficial results for the plasma-catalytic processing of different gas streams are outlined with particular emphasis being placed on the different range of spatial and temporal scales that must be considered both in experiment and modelling. The focus is on non-thermal plasma where the lack of thermal equilibrium creates a range of temperature scales that must be considered. This contributes in part to a wide range of inhomogeneity in different properties such as species concentrations and electric fields that must be determined experimentally by methods and be incorporated into modelling. It is concluded that plasma-catalysis is best regarded as conventional catalysis perturbed by the presence of a discharge, which modifies its operating conditions, properties and outcomes often in a very localised way. The sometimes used description “plasma-activated catalysis” is an apt one.

关键词： plasma catalysis     plasma-activated catalysis     non-thermal plasma     CO2 conversion    

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Submerged arc plasma system combined with ozone oxidation for the treatment of wastewater containingnon-degradable organic compounds

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1384-0

摘要：

• Submerged arc plasma was introduced in terms of wastewater treatment.

关键词： Thermal plasma     Submerged arc plasma     Wastewater     Ozone     Phenol     Highly energetic electron    

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Non-thermal plasma for exhaust gases treatment

Elvia ALVA R.,Marquidia PACHECO P.,Fernando GÓMEZ B.,Joel PACHECO P.,Arturo COLÍN C.,Víctor SÁNCHEZ-MENDIETA,Ricardo VALDIVIA B.,Alfredo SANTANA D.,José HUERTAS C.,Hilda FRÍAS P.

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 301-305 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0344-z

摘要：

This article describes a study on a non-thermal plasma device to treat exhaust gases in an internal combustion engine. Several tests using a plasma device to treat exhaust gases are conducted on a Honda GX200-196 cm3 engine at different rotational speeds. A plasma reactor could be efficient in degrading nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. Monoxide and carbon dioxide treatment is minimal. However, achieving 1%–3% degradation may be interesting to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

关键词： plasma treatment     NOx     CO     CO2     particulate matter     vehicle    

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Benzene conversion by manganese dioxide assisted silent discharge plasma

LU Bin, JI Min, YU Xin, FENG Tao, YAO Shuiliang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 477-481 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0076-3

摘要： Non-thermal plasma technologies have shown their promising potential specially for the low concentration of volatile organic compound control in indoor air in recent years. But it is also high energy consuming. So, to improve the en

关键词： consuming     Non-thermal     promising     volatile     compound    

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A review on application of dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology on the abatement of volatile

Wenjing Lu, Yawar Abbas, Muhammad Farooq Mustafa, Chao Pan, Hongtao Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1108-5

摘要：

• Applications of non-thermal plasma reactors for reduction of VOCs were reviewed.

• Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was considered.

• Effect of process parameters was studied.

• Effect of catalysts and inhibitors were evaluated.

关键词： Non-thermal plasma (NTP)     Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)     Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)     Abatement     Input power    

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Gender differences in the relationship between plasma lipids and fasting plasma glucose in non-diabetic

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 477-483 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0346-y

摘要：

The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are not clear. This cross-sectional study recruited 3460 non-diabetic Chinese subjects (1027 men, and 2433 women, aged 35–75 years old) who participated in a health survey. Men and women were classified into tertiles by levels of plasma lipids respectively. In women, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was decreased with increased HDL-C. A stepwise increase in HDL-C was associated with decreasing FPG levels (lowest tertiles, FPG: 5.376±0.018; middle tertiles, 5.324±0.018; highest tertiles, 5.276±0.018 mmol/L; P=0.001). Reversely, FPG levels increased from lowest tertiles to highest tertiles of LDL-C, TC, and TG. we found that women in the first tertile with lower HDL-C level had a 1.75-fold increase in risk of IFG compared with non-diabetic women in the third tertile with higher HDL-C level (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.20--2.56). In men, no significant association was found. We took age, BMI, waist/hip ratio, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical exercise as adjusted variables. In Chinese non-diabetic women, dyslipidemia is independently associated with high levels of FPG; TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C are predictors of IFG independent of BMI and waist/hip ratio.

关键词： dyslipidemia     plasma lipids     plasma fasting glucose     impaired fasting glucose     non-diabetes    

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Experimental and theoretical study of microwave enhanced catalytic hydrodesulfurization of thiophene in a continuous-flow reactor

Hui Shang, Pengfei Ye, Yude Yue, Tianye Wang, Wenhui Zhang, Sainab Omar, Jiawei Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 744-758 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1839-7

摘要： Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of thiophene, as a gasoline model oil, over an industrial Ni-Mo/Al O catalyst was investigated in a continuous system under microwave irradiation. The HDS efficiency was much higher (5%‒14%) under microwave irradiation than conventional heating. It was proved that the reaction was enhanced by both microwave thermal and non-thermal effects. Microwave selective heating caused hot spots inside the catalyst, thus improved the reaction rate. From the analysis of the non-thermal effect, the molecular collisions were significantly increased under microwave irradiation. However, instead of being reduced, the apparent activation energy increased. This may be due to the microwave treatment hindering the adsorption though upright S-bind (η ) and enhancing the parallel adsorption (η ), both adsorptions were considered to favor to the direct desulfurization route and the hydrogenation route respectively. Therefore, the HDS process was considered to proceed along the hydrogenation route under microwave irradiation.

关键词： thiophene     microwave irradiation     hydrodesulfurization     non-thermal microwave effect    

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A non-lithographic plasma nanoassembly technology for polymeric nanodot and silicon nanopillar fabrication

Athanasios Smyrnakis, Angelos Zeniou, Kamil Awsiuk, Vassilios Constantoudis, Evangelos Gogolides

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 475-484 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1809-0

摘要： In this work, we present plasma etching alone as a directed assembly method to both create the nanodot pattern on an etched polymeric (PMMA) film and transfer it to a silicon substrate for the fabrication of silicon nanopillars or cone-like nanostructuring. By using a shield to control sputtering from inside the plasma reactor, the size and shape of the resulting nanodots can be better controlled by varying plasma parameters as the bias power. The effect of the shield on inhibitor deposition on the etched surfaces was investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS) measurements. The fabrication of quasi-ordered PMMA nanodots of a diameter of 25 nm and period of 54 nm is demonstrated. Pattern transfer to the silicon substrate using the same plasma reactor was performed in two ways: (a) a mixed fluorine-fluorocarbon-oxygen nanoscale etch plasma process was employed to fabricate silicon nanopillars with a diameter of 25 nm and an aspect ratio of 5.6, which show the same periodicity as the nanodot pattern, and (b) high etch rate cryogenic plasma process was used for pattern transfer. The result is the nanostructuring of Si by high aspect ratio nanotip or nanocone-like features that show excellent antireflective properties.

关键词： plasma     nanoassembly     etching     nanodots     nanopillars     nanofabrication    

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Assessment indices for uniform and non-uniform thermal environments

ZHANG Yufeng, SUN Shufeng, ZHAO Rongyi

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 129-133 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0029-y

摘要： Different assessment indices for thermal environments were compared and selected for proper assessment of indoor thermal environments. 30 subjects reported their overall thermal sensation, thermal comfort, and thermal acceptability in uniform and non-uniform conditions. The results show that these three assessment indices provide equivalent evaluations in uniform environments. However, overall thermal sensation differs from the other two indices and cannot be used as a proper index for the evaluation of non-uniform environments. The relationship between the percentage and the mean vote for each index is established.

关键词： thermal sensation     proper assessment     relationship     equivalent     thermal acceptability    

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Compact solar-powered plasma water generator: enhanced germination of aged seed with the corona dielectric

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024573

摘要：

● Developed a novel solar-powered corona dielectric barrier discharge (cDBD) microreactor for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Non-thermal plasma     plant growth     reactor design     seed germination    

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Greenhouse gas emissions from thermal treatment of non-recyclable municipal waste

Tomáš Ferdan, Martin Pavlas, Vlastimír Nevrlý, Radovan Šomplák, Petr Stehlík

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 815-831 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1761-4

摘要：

This paper analyses factors affecting the production of greenhouse gases from the treatment of residual municipal waste. The analysis is conducted so that the environmentally-friendly decision-making criteria may be later implemented into an optimisation task, which allocates waste treatment capacities. A simplified method of life cycle assessment is applied to describe environmental impact of the allocation. Global warming potential (GWP) is employed as a unit to quantify greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The objective is to identify the environmental burdens and credits measured by GWP for the three fundamental methods for treatment of residual waste unsuitable for material recovery. The three methods are waste-to-energy (WTE), landfilling and mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) with subsequent utilization of refuse-derived fuel. The composition of the waste itself and content of fossil-derived carbon and biogenic carbon are important parameters to identify amounts of GHG. In case of WTE, subsequent use of the energy, e.g., in district heating systems in case of heat, is another important parameter to be considered. GWP function dependant on WTE capacity is introduced. The conclusion of this paper provides an assessment of the potential benefits of the results in optimisation tasks for the planning of overall strategy in waste management.

关键词： waste management     greenhouse gases     global warming potential     allocation planning     waste-to-energy    

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非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵的热稳定性评估

汪旭光,沈立晋

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第11期   页码 53-57

摘要：

绍了一种测试含能材料热稳定性的新方法——加速度量热仪，并用此法研究了硝酸铵和非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵的热分解过程，得到了绝热分解温度与压力随时间的变化、自加热速率与分解压力随温度的变化曲线，计算了分解动力学参数表观活化能和指前因子，讨论了放热反应系统的热惰性因子对测试结果的影响，表明非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵具有良好的热稳定性、安全性及其热稳定性的提高是爆炸特性得以消除的原因。

关键词： 农用硝酸铵     非爆炸性     不可还原性     加速度量热仪     热稳定性    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

NOx removal by non-thermal plasma reduction: experimental and theoretical investigations

期刊论文

Siliceous mesocellular foam supported Cu catalysts for promoting non-thermal plasma activated CO hydrogenation

期刊论文

Non-thermal plasma enhances performances of biochar in wastewater treatment and energy storage applications

期刊论文

Plasma-catalysis: Is it just a question of scale?

J. Christopher Whitehead

期刊论文

Submerged arc plasma system combined with ozone oxidation for the treatment of wastewater containingnon-degradable organic compounds

期刊论文

Non-thermal plasma for exhaust gases treatment

Elvia ALVA R.,Marquidia PACHECO P.,Fernando GÓMEZ B.,Joel PACHECO P.,Arturo COLÍN C.,Víctor SÁNCHEZ-MENDIETA,Ricardo VALDIVIA B.,Alfredo SANTANA D.,José HUERTAS C.,Hilda FRÍAS P.

期刊论文

Benzene conversion by manganese dioxide assisted silent discharge plasma

LU Bin, JI Min, YU Xin, FENG Tao, YAO Shuiliang

期刊论文

A review on application of dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology on the abatement of volatile

Wenjing Lu, Yawar Abbas, Muhammad Farooq Mustafa, Chao Pan, Hongtao Wang

期刊论文

Gender differences in the relationship between plasma lipids and fasting plasma glucose in non-diabetic

null

期刊论文

Experimental and theoretical study of microwave enhanced catalytic hydrodesulfurization of thiophene in a continuous-flow reactor

Hui Shang, Pengfei Ye, Yude Yue, Tianye Wang, Wenhui Zhang, Sainab Omar, Jiawei Wang

期刊论文

A non-lithographic plasma nanoassembly technology for polymeric nanodot and silicon nanopillar fabrication

Athanasios Smyrnakis, Angelos Zeniou, Kamil Awsiuk, Vassilios Constantoudis, Evangelos Gogolides

期刊论文

Assessment indices for uniform and non-uniform thermal environments

ZHANG Yufeng, SUN Shufeng, ZHAO Rongyi

期刊论文

Compact solar-powered plasma water generator: enhanced germination of aged seed with the corona dielectric

期刊论文

Greenhouse gas emissions from thermal treatment of non-recyclable municipal waste

Tomáš Ferdan, Martin Pavlas, Vlastimír Nevrlý, Radovan Šomplák, Petr Stehlík

期刊论文

非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵的热稳定性评估

汪旭光,沈立晋

期刊论文