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一种融合多特征聚类与神经网络的PM2.5sub>小时浓度预测新模型及其在中国城市的应用 Article

刘辉, 龙治豪, 段铸, 施惠鹏

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第8期页码 944-956 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.009

摘要：

PM2.5sub>浓度预测对空气污染物早期预警具有重要意义。本文提出一种改进的PM2.5sub>浓度多步预测模型，即多特征聚类分解(MCD)-回声状态网络(ESN)-粒子群优化(PSO)混合模型。该模型包括分解预测部分和优化预测部分。在MCD方法中，采用RSAR算法选择重要的空气污染物变量，使用KC算法对所得变量进行聚类，利用EWT算法将PM2.5sub>浓度序列的聚类结果分解为多个子层。利用我国4个不同城市的真实PM2.5sub>浓度数据，验证了所提出模型的有效性。实验结果表明，所提出预测模型适用于PM2.5sub>浓度的多步高精度预测，具有比基准模型更优的预测性能。

关键词： PM2.5sub>2.5浓度预测 PM2.5sub>2.5浓度聚类经验小波分解多步预测

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Diverse bacterial populations of PM in urban and suburb Shanghai, China

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1329-7

摘要：

• Urban aerosols harbour diverse bacterial communities in Shanghai.

关键词： PM_2.5 Bacteria 16S rRNA SEM analysis Shanghai City

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Temporal variation of PM-associated health effects in Shijiazhuang, Hebei

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1376-0

摘要：

•Annual mean PM_2.5 in Shijiazhuang were 87, 95, and 82 µg/m³ in 2015–2017.

关键词： PM_2.5 Health effects Integrated exposure-response model Shijiazhuang

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PM2.5 over North China based on MODIS AOD and effect of meteorological elements during 2003‒2015

Youfang Chen, Yimin Zhou, Xinyi Zhao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1202-8

摘要： The Taihang Mountains was the boundary between high and low pollution areas. There were one high value center for PM2.5 pollution and two low value centers. In 2004, 2009 and after 2013, PM2.5 concentration was relatively low. Over the past 40 years, PM2.5 pollution in North China has become increasingly serious and progressively exposes the densely populated areas to pollutants. However, due to limited ground data, it is challenging to estimate accurate PM2.5 exposure levels, further making it unfavorable for the prediction and prevention of PM2.5 pollutions. This paper therefore uses the mixed effect model to estimate daily PM2.5 concentrations of North China between 2003 and 2015 with ground observation data and MODIS AOD satellite data. The tempo-spatial characteristics of PM2.5 and the influence of meteorological elements on PM2.5 is discussed with EOF and canonical correlation analysis respectively. Results show that overall R2 is 0.36 and the root mean squared predicted error was 30.1 μg/m3 for the model prediction. Our time series analysis showed that, the Taihang Mountains acted as a boundary between the high and low pollution areas in North China; while the northern part of Henan Province, the southern part of Hebei Province and the western part of Shandong Province were the most polluted areas. Although, in 2004, 2009 and dates after 2013, PM2.5 concentrations were relatively low. Meteorological/topography conditions, that include high surface humidity of area in the range of 34°‒40°N and 119°‒124°E, relatively low boundary layer heights, and southerly and easterly winds from the east and north area were common factors attributed to haze in the most polluted area. Overall, the spatial distribution of increasingly concentrated PM2.5 pollution in North China are consistent with the local emission level, unfavorable meteorological conditions and topographic changes.

关键词： Aerosol optical depth PM_2.5 MODIS Mixed effect model Canonical correlation analysis

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PM concentration declining saves health expenditure in China

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1690-4

摘要：

● Monthly hospitalization expenses are sensitive to increases in PM_2.5 exposure.

关键词： Air pollution Health expenditure PM_2.5 concentration Economic impact Heterogeneous effect

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Local and regional contributions to PM in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics infrastructure areas during

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1434-2

摘要：

• Regional transportation contributed more than local emissions during haze episodes.

关键词： 2022 Winter Olympics PM_2.5 Source apportionment

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我国一次气溶胶和二次无机气溶胶大气年龄的时空分布特征 Article

Xiaodong Xie, Qi Ying, 张宏亮, 胡建林

《工程（英文）》 2023年第28卷第9期页码 117-129 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.013

摘要：本研究使用年龄可分辨的社区多尺度空气质量模型CMAQ对我国一次和二次无机细颗粒物（PM2.5sub>）的年龄分布进行了为期一年的模拟。结果表明，一次PM2.5sub>（PPM）和铵盐主要来源于本地的新鲜排放，我国大部分地区约60%~80%集中在0~24 h年龄档。本研究中基于年龄可分辨的CMAQ模型得到的PM2.5sub>年龄信息可以帮助政府部分制定有效的应急排放控制措施，有助于消除重污染天气。

关键词：大气年龄 PM2.5sub> CMAQ模型控制措施

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Source apportionment of PM

Wei WEN,Shuiyuan CHENG,Lei LIU,Gang WANG,Xiaoqi WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0839-9

摘要： The new hybrid approaches for the source apportionment of PM were proposed. The hybrid approach can be used for source apportionment of secondary species. The metallurgy industry was the biggest contribution source to PM of Tangshan. In winter, the contribution from the coal-fired boilers was the largest one. The objective of this paper is to propose a hybrid approach for the source apportionment of primary and secondary species of PM in the city of Tangshan. The receptor-based PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) is integrated with the emission inventory (EI) to form the first hybrid method for the source apportionment of the primary species. The hybrid CAMx-PSAT-CP (Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions – Particulate Source Apportionment Technology – Chemical Profile) approach is then proposed and used for the source apportionment of the secondary species. The PM sources identified for Tangshan included the soil dust, the metallurgical industry, power plants, coal-fired boilers, vehicles, cement production, and other sources. It is indicated that the PM pollution is a regional issue. Among all the identified sources, the metallurgy industry was the biggest contribution source to PM , followed by coal-fired boilers, vehicles and soil dust. The other-source category plays a crucial role for PM , particularly for the formation of secondary species and aerosols, and these other sources include non-specified sources such as agricultural activities, biomass combustion, residential emissions, etc. The source apportionment results could help the local authorities make sound policies and regulations to better protect the citizens from the local and regional PM pollution. The study also highlights the strength of utilizing the proposed hybrid approaches in the identification of PM sources. The techniques used in this study show considerable promise for further application to other regions as well as to identify other source categories of PM .

关键词： Secondary species Emission inventory PM_2.5 Source apportionment

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of PM

Xiao-hong Chen,Xiang-bo Tang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 171-181 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016017

摘要： Utilizing the initial hourly monitoring data of PM concentrations at 23 monitoring sites across the Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster between January 2013 and February 2014 that released in Real-time Air Quality Reporting System in Hunan Province, this paper draws diagrams and analyzes the change rule of the pollutants concentration over time. In addition, this paper studies the regional distribution of PM seasonal pollution in the vicinity of the monitoring sites using ArcGIS geographic information system with the Kriging interpolation method. On this basis, this paper puts forward some effective control strategies to cope with regional PM pollution combined with the information of industry distribution and development status in the Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster.

关键词： PM_2.5 spatial and temporal distribution ArcGIS the chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster

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Particle size distributions, PM

Can DONG, Lingxiao YANG, Chao YAN, Qi YUAN, Yangchun YU, Wenxing WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 55-65 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0411-1

摘要： In this study, we collected particles with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm (PM ) from three different public indoor places (a supermarket, a commercial office, and a university dining hall) in Jinan, a medium-sized city located in northern China. Water-soluble inorganic ions of PM and particle size distributions were also measured. Both indoor and outdoor PM levels (102.3–143.8 μg·m and 160.2–301.3 μg·m , respectively) were substantially higher than the value recommended by the World Health Organization (25 μg·m ), and outdoor sources were found to be the major contributors to indoor pollutants. Diurnal particle number size distributions were different, while the maximum volume concentrations all appeared to be approximately 300 nm in the three indoor locations. Concentrations of indoor and outdoor PM were shown to exhibit the same variation trends for the supermarket and dining hall. For the office, PM concentrations during nighttime were observed to decrease sharply. Among others, , and were found to be the dominant water-soluble ions of both indoor and outdoor particles. Concentrations of in the supermarket and office during the daytime were observed to decrease sharply, which might be attributed to the fact that the indoor temperature was much higher than the outdoor temperature. In addition, domestic activities such as cleaning, water usage, cooking, and smoking also played roles in degraded indoor air quality. However, the results obtained here might be negatively impacted by the small number of samples and short sampling durations.

关键词： indoor air quality indoor/outdoor ratios size distributions particles with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) water-soluble ions

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Understand the local and regional contributions on air pollution from the view of human health impacts

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1382-2

摘要：

• PM_2.5-related deaths were estimated to be 227 thousand in BTH & surrounding regions.

关键词： PM_2.5 Regional transport Local emissions Health impact Environmental inequality

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Estimating the effects of meteorology on PM

Liu YANG, Ye WU, Jerry M. DAVIS, Jiming HAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 331-341 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0307-5

摘要： Particulate pollution was a critical challenge to the promise of good air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, which took place from August 8th to 24th. To ensure good air quality for the Games, several temporary emission control measures were implemented in Beijing and surrounding areas. Ambient particulate matter concentration decreased significantly during the Olympic period; however, it is difficult to distinguish the effectiveness of those control measures since meteorology also affects ambient PM concentration. In this work, a multiple linear regression model based on continuous field monitoring at a roadside site was conducted to evaluate the effects of meteorology and emission control measures on the reduction of PM during the 2008 Olympic Games. The hourly data set was divided into two time periods, the no control period, June 22nd to July 4th, and the control period, July 28th to August 21st. The response variable was PM and the meteorology covariates used in the model were hourly temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed and precipitation. Wind direction was not a significant predictor of PM levels in either the control or the no control period. Using the meteorologically-based regression coefficients from the two time periods, meteorology was found to contribute to at least a 16% reduction in PM levels in the roadside microenvironment; while the pollution control measures contributed to at least a 43% reduction in PM levels.

关键词： meteorology emission control measures Beijing Olympic Games PM_2.5 linear statistical models

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Chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter emitted from commercial cooking

Bing PEI,Hongyang CUI,Huan LIU,Naiqiang YAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 559-568 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0829-y

摘要： The chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM ) emitted from commercial cooking were explored in this study. Three typical commercial restaurants in Shanghai, i.e., a Shanghai-style one (SHS), a Sichuan-style one (SCS) and an Italian-style one (ITS), were selected to conduct PM sampling. Particulate organic matter (POM) was found to be the predominant contributor to cooking-related PM mass in all the tested restaurants, with a proportion of 69.1% to 77.1%. Specifically, 80 trace organic compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which accounted for 3.8%–6.5% of the total PM mass. Among the quantified organic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids had the highest concentration, followed by saturated fatty acids. Comparatively, the impacts of other kinds of organic compounds were much smaller. Oleic acid was the most abundant single species in both SCS and ITS. However, in the case of SHS, linoleic acid was the richest one. ITS produced a much larger mass fraction of most organic species in POM than the two Chinese cooking styles except for monosaccharide anhydrides and sterols. The results of this study could be utilized to explore the contribution of cooking emissions to PM pollution and to develop the emission inventory of PM from cooking, which could then help the policy-makers design efficient treatment measures and control strategies on cooking emissions in the future.

关键词： commercial cooking PM_2.5 chemical characteristics organic matter

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Does environmental infrastructure investment contribute to emissions reduction? A case of China

Xiaoqian SONG, Yong GENG, Ke LI, Xi ZHANG, Fei WU, Hengyu PAN, Yiqing ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 57-70 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0654-7

摘要： Environmental infrastructure investment (EII) is an important environmental policy instrument on responding to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and air pollution. This paper employs an improved stochastic impact by regression on population, affluence and technology (STRIPAT) model by using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities for the period of 2003–2015 to investigate the effect of EII on CO emissions, SO emissions, and PM pollution. The results indicate that EII has a positive and significant effect on mitigating CO emission. However, the effect of EII on SO emission fluctuated although it still contributes to the reduction of PM pollution through technology innovations. Energy intensity has the largest impact on GHG emissions and air pollution, followed by GDP per capita and industrial structure. In addition, the effect of EII on environmental issues varies in different regions. Such findings suggest that policies on EII should be region-specific so that more appropriate mitigation policies can be raised by considering the local realities.

关键词： environmental infrastructure investment (EII) CO₂ emission SO₂ emission PM_2.5 pollution stochastic impact by regression on population affluence and technology (STIRPAT) model governance

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Analysis of Flue Gas Pollutants Deep-removal Technology in Coal-fired Power Plants

Xiao-lu Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 336-340 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014061

摘要： In recent years, frequent haze has made PM become a public hotspot. PM control has been added to the 2012 release “ambient air quality standard.” Currently flue gas pollutant control technology does not easily remove PM . Developing Flue Gas Pollutant Deep-removal Technology (DRT) for coal-fired power plants for deep-removing pollutants such as PM , SO , SO , and heavy metals, is an urgent problem. Based on the analysis of the necessity and existing problems of developing DRT suitable for China, this study focused on PM removal technology, low NO emission of ultra supercritical boiler under all load conditions, and the adaptability of SCR working temperature. Finally, the flue gas pollutant removal system at a 2×660MW supercritical power plant was introduced, and the roadmap for developing DRT for 1,000MW ultra supercritical units was analyzed.

关键词： Coal-fired power plant flue gas pollutants deep-removal PM_2.5 removal