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Adsorption and desorption of steroid hormones on saline soil

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1575-y

摘要：

● Organic matter content significantly affected adsorption of E2/EE2 on saline soil.

关键词： Saline soil Steroid hormones Adsorption Desorption Soil organic matter

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Saline-alkali soil reclamation and utilization in China: progress and prospects REVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年第11卷第2期页码 216-228 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024551

摘要：

Soil salinity is a global threat to the productivity of arable land. With the impact of population growth and development of social economy in China, the area of arable land has been shrinking in recent decades and is approaching a critical threshold of 120 Mha, the minimum area for maintaining the national food security. Saline-alkaline land, as important backup reserve, has been receiving increased attention as an opportunity to expand land resources. This review first summarizes the general principles and technologies of saline soil reclamation to support plant growth, including leaching salts or blocking the rise of salts, and soil fertility enhancement to improve the buffering capacity. Then the progress in this area in China is described including the customization of technologies and practices used in different saline-alkali regions. Following the soil management strategies, the concept of selecting crops for saline soil is proposed. This encompasses halophyte planting, salt-tolerant crop breeding and the application of saline-adapted functional microorganisms to improve the adaptation of crops. Finally, the current problems and challenges are evaluate, and future research directions and prospects proposed for managing this major soil constraint.

关键词： Food security land reserve reclamation saline-alkali soil utilization

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Analysis of mobilization of inorganic ions in soil by electrokinetic remediation

Xiaojing LI, Lige WANG, Xueming SUN, Yuansheng CONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期页码 1463-1473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0569-8

摘要： Saline soil has imposed a serious threat on many expressway engineering and agricultural areas. This paper describes the performance of saline soil treatment using electrokinetic remediation technology. Comparison study involving sample soil and soil is carried out. Two different electric fields, i.e., uniform and non-uniform are utilized to promote the migration of inorganic ions contained in the soil toward the electrode area. The effects of different electric field types and potential gradient ion migration rate in soil are investigated. The test result reveals that a uniform electric field of a constant potential gradient of 1 V/cm drives the Cl through the sample soil at a rate of 1.36 cm/h. Moreover, larger potential gradients could make ions migrate faster, but more electrical energy is consumed in such a way. Compared with uniform electric field, the non-uniform process maintains the soil pH values more effectively and consumes less electrical energy. A desirable result of removing Na in soil is expected using electrokinetic remediation technology under four-times scaling up of soil volume.

关键词： electromigration electric fields saline soil soil-remediation

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Process study on adsorption of glycerin from saline wastewater by strong base anion resin

Haitao ZHANG, Xiaoqing MA, Xian QU, Jeanpierre Arcangeli

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 113-116 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0547-0

摘要： A physicochemical method was used to adsorb glycerin in saline wastewater by strong base anion resin (D201). Boric acid, a kind of weak acid, can combine with glycerin, and a specific complex can be produced, which possess bigger molecule than glycerin. Then, this specific complex could be adsorbed by strong base anion resin. Via the experiment, the equation of adsorption isotherm with D201 at 20°C can be shown by lg / = 1.74lg - 5.72; for column test with simulative glycerin wastewater, the treatment capability was more than nine bed volumes, and 39.77 mg glycerin could be removed by per gram resin. When the NaCl concentration was 10 g/L, five bed volumes of simulative wastewater could be treated, and the adsorb mass was 29.09 mg/g. When the NaCl concentration was 30 g/L, only three bed volumes of simulative wastewater could be treated, and the adsorb mass was 14.83 mg/g.

关键词： glycerin anion resin boric acid wastewater NaCl

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Biological removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge under alternating anoxic/oxic

Yuanyuan Zhang, Masashi Kuroda, Shunsuke Arai, Fumitaka Kato, Daisuke Inoue, Michihiko Ike

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1154-z

摘要： Removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge was examined. Sequencing batch reactor was operated under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions. Above 97% removal of soluble selenium (Se) was achieved continuously. Major Se removal mechanism varied depending on the length of aeration period. Various Se-reducing bacteria likely contributed to coordinately to Se removal. Selenium (Se)-containing industrial wastewater is often coupled with notable salinity. However, limited studies have examined biological treatment of Se-containing wastewater under high salinity conditions. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge was applied to treat selenate in synthetic saline wastewater (3% w/v NaCl) supplemented with lactate as the carbon source. Start-up of the SBR was performed with addition of 1–5 mM of selenate under oxygen-limiting conditions, which succeeded in removing more than 99% of the soluble Se. Then, the treatment of 1 mM Se with cycle duration of 3 days was carried out under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions by adding aeration period after oxygen-limiting period. Although the SBR maintained soluble Se removal of above 97%, considerable amount of solid Se remained in the effluent as suspended solids and total Se removal fluctuated between about 40 and 80%. Surprisingly, the mass balance calculation found a considerable decrease of Se accumulated in the SBR when the aeration period was prolonged to 7 h, indicating very efficient Se biovolatilization. Furthermore, microbial community analysis suggested that various Se-reducing bacteria coordinately contributed to the removal of Se in the SBR and main contributors varied depending on the operational conditions. This study will offer implications for practical biological treatment of selenium in saline wastewater.

关键词： Activated sludge Selenate reduction Saline wastewater Sequencing batch reactor Alternating anoxic/oxic conditions Selenium biovolatilization

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HQ in inland saline-alkaline water under different light qualities

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1479-2

摘要：

• Optimal growth of Chlorella in inland saline-alkaline water was achieved by blue LED.

关键词： Light quality Chlorella Inland saline-alkaline water Fatty acid Biodiesel property

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柴达木盐湖产业生态文明建设战略研究

杨荣金,舒俭民,李秀红,孙美莹,张一

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第4期页码 48-53 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.008

摘要：

盐湖产业事关我国粮食安全，也是新能源和新材料产业的重要支撑。柴达木盆地是中国盐湖产业的核心，建设其产业生态文明重要而迫切。为推进柴达木盐湖产业生态文明建设，做强中国盐湖产业，本文从柴达木盐湖产业生态文明建设的现状出发，辨识产业生态文明建设面临的严峻挑战，提出了盐湖产业生态文明建设的四大战略。

关键词：柴达木盆地盐湖产业生态文明综合开发利用可持续发展

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Seasonal microbial community shift in a saline sewage treatment plant

Qingmei YAN, Xuxiang ZHANG, Tong ZHANG, Herbert H P FANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 40-47 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0304-8

摘要： Activated sludge was monthly sampled from a saline sewage treatment plant of Hong Kong (China) during June 2007 to May 2008 to analyze the microbial community shift along with environmental variations using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Environmental changes resulted into a seasonal microbial community shift characterized by alterations in species number and abundance in the sewage treatment plant. Correspondence analysis and cluster analysis on community structure profile showed that the 12 monthly samples fell into four groups, which is in accordance with season changing in Hong Kong. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that and posed more significant effects on community structure than total phosphorus and total nitrogen, respectively. Compared with sludge retention time, influent total phosphorus had an inverse effect on the community structure shift, and chemical oxygen demand and showed a similar effects. Results of this study may contribute to the development of new knowledge involving the microbial community shift in sewage treatment plants.

关键词： sewage treatment plants polymerase chain reaction (PCR) denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) canonical correspondence analysis correspondence analysis

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我国盐碱水渔业现状与发展对策

刘永新,方辉,来琦芳,梁利群

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第3期页码 74-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.03.012

摘要：

积极开发利用盐碱水域资源是有效拓展水产养殖空间的重要举措。本文介绍了我国盐碱水渔业的发展现状与取得的主要经验，分析了未来我国盐碱水渔业发展面临的主要问题，并从资源评价与利用、生态系统构建、耐盐碱新品种培育、高效健康养殖、生态效益评价和信息共享平台建设六大方面提出了盐碱水渔业科技创新的重点任务；同时，针对政府和企业在推动盐碱水可持续渔业发展中的不同作用与定位提出了相应的支撑保障与政策建议。

关键词：盐碱水渔业发展对策

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Design and application of a novel coal-fired drum boiler using saline water in heavy oil recovery

Junping GU, Yuxin WU, Liping WU, Man ZHANG, Hairui YANG, Junfu LYU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 715-725 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0690-3

摘要： In this paper, the design and operation of a novel coal-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) drum boiler that can generate superheated steam using saline water were introduced. The natural circulation water dynamics with a drum was adopted instead of the traditional once-through steam generator (OTSG) design, so that superheated steam can be generated for the better performance of the steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology in heavy oil recovery. The optimized staged evaporation method was proposed to further decrease the salinity of water in the clean water section of the boiler. The evaporating pipes of the salted water section were rearranged in the back pass of the boiler, where the heat load is low, to further improve the heat transfer safety. A CFB combustion technology was used for coal firing to achieve a uniform heat transfer condition with low heat flux. Pollutant control technologies were adopted to reduce pollutant emissions. Based on the field test, the recommended water standard for the coal-fired CFB drum boilers was determined. With the present technology, the treated recovery wastewater can be reused in steam-injection boilers to generate superheated steam. The engineering applications show that the boiler efficiency is higher than 90%, the blowdown rate is limited within 5.5%, and the superheat of steam can reach up to 30 K. Besides, the heavy oil recovery efficiency is significantly improved. Moreover, the pollutant emissions of SO , NO and dust are controlled within the ranges of 20–90 mg/(N·m ), 30–90 mg/(N·m ) and 2–10 mg/(N·m ) respectively.

关键词： drum steam injection boiler natural circulation recovery wastewater staged evaporation circulating fluidized bed (CFB)

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Mitigation strategies for soil acidification based on optimal nitrogen management REVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年第11卷第2期页码 229-242 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024562

摘要：

Soil acidification is a serious constraint to food production worldwide. This review explores its primary causes, with a focus on the role of nitrogen fertilizer, and suggests mitigation strategies based on optimal N management. Natural acidification is determined by the leaching of weak acid mainly caused by climate and soil conditions, whereas the use of ammonium-based fertilizers, nitrate leaching and removal of base cations (BCs) by crop harvesting mostly accounts for anthropogenic acidification. In addition, low soil acid buffering capacity, mainly determined by soil parent materials and soil organic matter content, also accelerates acidification. This study proposes targeted mitigation strategies for different stages of soil acidification, which include monitoring soil carbonate content and pH of soils with pH > 6.5 (e.g., calcareous soil), use of alkaline amendments for strongly acidic soils (pH < 5.5) with aluminum toxicity risk to pH between 5.5 and 6.5, and decreasing acidification rates and supplementing BCs to maintain this optimal pH range, especially for soils with low acid buffering capacity. Effective mitigation involves optimizing the rate and form of N fertilizers used, regulating N transformation processes, and establishing an integrated soil–crop management system that balances acid production and soil buffering capacity.

关键词： Soil acidification nutrient management nitrogen soil buffering capacity

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Assessment of glass fiber-reinforced polyester pipe powder in soil improvement

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 742-753 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0732-x

摘要： This study investigates the use of glass fiber-reinforced polyester (GRP) pipe powder (PP) for improving the bearing capacity of sandy soils. After a series of direct share tests, the optimum PP addition for improving the bearing capacity of soils was found to be 12%. Then, using the optimum PP addition, the bearing capacity of the soil was estimated through a series of loading tests on a shallow foundation model placed in a test box. The bearing capacity of sandy soil was improved by up to 30.7%. The ratio of the depth of the PP-reinforced soil to the diameter of the foundation model (H/D) of 1.25 could sufficiently strengthen sandy soil when the optimum PP ratio was used. Microstructural analyses showed that the increase in the bearing capacity can be attributed to the chopped fibers in the PP and their multiaxial distribution in the soil. Besides improving the engineering properties of soils, using PP as an additive in soils would reduce the accumulation of the industrial waste, thus providing a twofold benefit.

关键词： shallow foundation sandy soil bearing capacity soil improvement pipe powder

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SOIL CARBON CHECK: A TOOL FOR MONITORING AND GUIDING SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN FARMER FIELDS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 248-261 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023499

摘要：

● Establishment of a rapid tool for monitoring soil carbon sequestration in farmer fields.

关键词： 4 per 1000 initiative carbon sequestration climate action farmer fields SDG13 soil organic carbon soil testing

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Electromagnetic induction mapping at varied soil moisture reveals field-scale soil textural patterns

Hiruy ABDU, David A. ROBINSON, Janis BOETTINGER, Scott B. JONES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 135-145 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017143

摘要： Knowledge of the spatial distribution of soil textural properties is important for determining soil moisture storage and soil hydraulic transport properties. Capturing field heterogeneity without exhaustive sampling and costly sample analysis is difficult. Our objective was to employ electromagnetic induction (EMI) mapping in low apparent electrical conductivity (EC ) soils at varying soil water contents to capture time invariant properties such as soil texture. Georeferenced EC measurements were taken using a ground conductivity meter on six different days where volumetric water content ( ) varied from 0.11 to 0.23. The 50 m × 50 m field included a subsurface gravelly patch in an otherwise homogeneous silt-loam alluvial soil. Ordinary block kriging predicted EC at unsampled areas to produce 1-m resolution maps. Temporal stability analysis was used to divide the field into three distinct EC regions. Subsequent ground-truthing confirmed the lowest conductivity region correlated with coarse textured soil parent materials associated with a former high-energy alluvial depositional area. Combining maps using temporal stability analysis gives the clearest image of the textural difference. These maps could be informative for modeling, experimental design, sensor placement and targeted zone management strategies in soil science, ecology, hydrology, and agricultural applications.

关键词： soil electrical conductivity soil texture mapping temporal stability analysis

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Soil-water interaction in unsaturated expansive soil slopes

ZHAN Liangtong

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 198-204 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0023-1

摘要： The intensive soil-water interaction in unsaturated expansive soil is one of the major reasons for slope failures. In this paper, the soil-water interaction is investigated with the full-scale field inspection of rainwater infiltration and comprehensive experiments, including wetting-induced softening tests, swelling, and shrinkage tests. It is demonstrated that the soil-water interaction induced by seasonal wetting-drying cycles is very complex, and it involves coupled effects among the changes in water content, suction, stress, deformation and shear strength. In addition, the abundant cracks in the expansive soil play an important role in the soil-water interaction. The cracks disintegrate the soil mass, and more importantly, provide easy pathways for rainfall infiltration. Infiltration of rainwater not only results in wetting-induced softening of the shallow unsaturated soil layers, but also leads to the increase of horizontal stress. The increase of horizontal stress may lead to a local passive failure. The seasonal wetting-drying cycles tend to result in a down-slope creeping of the shallow soil layer, which leads to progressive slope failure.

关键词： strength intensive soil-water comprehensive Infiltration wetting-induced softening