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气候变化 2

人为地形变化 1

光周期 1

减缓气候变化 1

刨煤机成套装备 1

可再生能源 1

后计算 1

城市地下空间；防灾减灾；适灾；恢复韧性 1

多源域自适应；数据去中心化；域偏移；负迁移 1

宏基因组 1

定向定量推移 1

定量评估 1

家居服务机器人；云端至机器人知识迁移；模型融合 1

小麦 1

局域潮汐基准面 1

工程设计 1

干旱 1

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无监督域自适应；最大均值偏差；残差网络；深度学习 1

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Nonlinear design-point performance adaptation approaches and their comparisons for gas turbine applications

Y. G. LI, P. PILIDIS,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 446-455 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0042-9

摘要： Accurate performance simulation and understanding of gas turbine engines is very useful for gas turbine manufacturers and users alike and such a simulation normally starts from its design point. When some of the engine component parameters for an existing engine are not available, they must be estimated in order that the performance analysis can be started. Therefore, the simulated design point performance of an engine may be slightly different from its actual performance. In this paper, two nonlinear gas turbine design-point performance adaptation approaches have been presented to best estimate the unknown component parameters and match available design point engine performance, one using a nonlinear matrix inverse adaptation method and the other using a Genetic Algorithm-based adaptation approach. The advantages and disadvantages of the two adaptation methods have been compared with each other. In the approaches, the component parameters may be compressor pressure ratios and efficiencies, turbine entry temperature, turbine efficiencies, engine mass flow rate, cooling flows, and by-pass ratio, etc. The engine performance parameters may be thrust and SFC for aero engines, shaft power, and thermal efficiency for industrial engines, gas path pressures, temperatures, etc. To select the most appropriate to-be-adapted component parameters, a sensitivity bar chart is used to analyze the sensitivity of all potential component parameters against the engine performance parameters. The two adaptation approaches have been applied to a model gas turbine engine. The application shows that the sensitivity bar chart is very useful in the selection of the to-be-adapted component parameters, and both adaptation approaches are able to produce good quality engine models at design point. The comparison of the two adaptation methods shows that the nonlinear matrix inverse method is faster and more accurate, while the genetic algorithm-based adaptation method is more robust but slower. Theoretically, both adaptation methods can be extended to other gas turbine engine performance modelling applications.

关键词： gas turbine engine performance adaptation performance matching design-point performance simulation influence coefficient matrix genetic algorithm

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双向协同的去中心化多源域自适应 Research Article

魏义康1,2,韩亚洪1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第12期页码 1780-1794 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200284

摘要：去中心化多源域自适应是指在数据去中心化场景下执行无监督多源域自适应。数据去中心化的挑战是源域与目标域在训练中缺乏跨域协同。对于无标签的目标域，目标域模型需要在源域模型的协助下迁移监督知识，而域差距会导致源域模型的适应性能有限。对于有标签的源域，源域模型在数据去中心化场景下倾向于过拟合本地数据，从而导致负迁移问题。对于以上挑战，提出双向协同的去中心化多源域自适应方法，通过其它域模型的协助进行局部源域模型与局部目标域模型的协同训练与聚合。对于目标域，我们在源域模型的协助下蒸馏监督知识，同时完全利用无标签目标域的数据来缓解域偏移问题。对于源域，我们在目标域模型的协助下正则化源域模型来避免负迁移问题。以上过程在去中心化的源域和目标域之间形成一种双向协同，以便在数据去中心化场景下提升域自适应性能。在标准多源域自适应数据集上的实验表明，我们的方法以较大优势优于现有的多源域自适应方法。

关键词：多源域自适应；数据去中心化；域偏移；负迁移

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Comments on “Adaptation of Chinese and German maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate

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《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 443-444 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019288

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无监督域自适应的动态参数化学习 Research Article

蒋润华1,2,韩亚洪1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第11期页码 1616-1632 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200631

摘要：无监督领域自适应通过学习域不变表示实现神经网络从有标签数据组成的源域到无标签数据组成的目标域迁移。近期研究通过直接匹配这两个域的边缘分布实现这一目标。然而，已有研究大多数忽略域对齐和语义判别学习之间的动态平衡，因此容易受负迁移和异常样本影响。为解决这些问题，引入动态参数化学习框架。首先，通过探索领域级语义知识，提出动态对齐参数自适应地调整域对齐和语义判别学习的优化过程。此外，为获得判别能力强和域不变的表示，提出在源域和目标域上对齐优化过程。本文通过综合实验证明了所提出方法的有效性，并在3个视觉任务的7个数据集上进行广泛比较，证明可行性。

关键词：无监督领域自适应；优化步骤；跨域判别表示；语义判别

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水电在减缓和适应气候变化中的作用

Luis Berga

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 313-318 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.004

摘要：

水电是一种清洁、可再生，且对环境友好的能源。全球每年的水力发电量达到3930 TW·h，占全球总发电量的16 %，同时占可再生能源发电量的78 % (2015年)。水电和气候变化具有双重的关系。一方面，水电作为一种重要的可再生能源，对于避免温室气体排放和减缓全球变暖贡献显著；另一方面，气候变化会改变河道流量，进而影响水资源可用量和水力发电。水电对于减少温室气体排放和保障能源供应至关重要。与常规燃煤电厂相比，水电每年可避免3×109 t CO2 的排放，占全球年CO2 排放量的9 %。除了对电力行业的贡献，水电项目还可作为多功能水库的融资工具，以及水资源应对气候变化影响的一项适应性措施，这是因为水库的蓄水可作为气候变化的缓冲器，有大水库调节的流域更能适应水资源变化，而不容易受到气候变化的影响。从全球层面来看，预期气候变化对现有全球水力发电的整体影响较小，甚至可能产生一些积极影响。然而，世界不同地区甚至各个国家内部可能存在巨大差异。总之，对水电的解读为：水电是一种廉价、成熟的技术，对减缓气候变化有重大贡献，且可以在水资源适应气候变化中发挥重要作用。有必要关注并减轻巨大的环境压力和社会成本，预计未来几十年内可新增水电装机容量1 000 GW。

关键词：可再生能源水电减缓气候变化气候变化影响

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气候变化与青藏高原工程设计

任国玉

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第9期页码 90-95

摘要：

最近半个世纪，青藏高原地面气候发生了一定变化，主要表现在地面平均气温明显上升，冬季、夜间和城镇区域气温上升尤其显著，多数地区降水量呈现不同程度增加。气候变暖对高原地区自然和人类系统产生了一定影响。预计未来青藏高原气候总体将继续趋向变暖，这可能对冰冻圈、河湖系统、陆地植被、农业自然条件、能源气候资源、交通和水利设施、城镇人居环境等产生明显影响。与生态保护和经济社会发展有关的各类大型工程的规划、设计和维护，需要考虑今后气候变化的可能影响，及早制定可行的适应性措施。

关键词：气候变化适应生态环境工程设计青藏高原

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Comprehensive analysis on China’s National Climate Change Assessment Reports: Action and emphasis

Bing WANG, Ge HONG, Chao-Qun CUI, Hao YU, Tad MURTY

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 52-61 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0002-y

摘要： Climate change assessment is central for low-carbon management practice. This paper investigates China’s National Climate Change Assessment Reports of 2007, 2011, and 2015. These three reports are compared with other climate change assessment reports by data mining. The necessity of national climate change assessment is analyzed with the requirements at home and abroad. The latest progress surrounding climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation is outlined with the increasing temperature rise in China and the urgency of climate change commitments. The achievements in climate change assessment indicate the increasing climate change vulnerability on sectors and regions in China and the strategies and priorities for low-carbon actions. Distinct gaps and differences are identified in the coverage of industry, regions, and vulnerability assessment between our assessments and other evaluation reports. These gaps and differences demonstrate the importance and future improvements of China’s national climate change assessment in international climate governance. The outlook for China’s fourth assessment report is proposed.

关键词： climate change assessment low-carbon management impact adaptation mitigation

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Adaptation of Chinese and German maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources—a

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《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 313-320 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019282

摘要：

Phosphate is supplied to agriculture by mining and fertilizer production, followed by different steps of phosphate utilization, including primary production, feed and food consumption, and conversion of biomass, with accumulation in soils, but little recycling and severe environmental losses. Phosphate is a limited essential nutrient, however, with very uneven distribution worldwide. Closing the cycle and reducing primary phosphate consumption are fundamental future challenges. Maize has a relatively high phosphate requirement. China and Germany together cover the whole range of maize production systems. The new Sino-German international research training group “Adaptation of Chinese and German maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources” (AMAIZE-P) was initiated in 2018 as a joint venture of the China Agricultural University (Beijing, China) and the University of Hohenheim (Stuttgart, Germany). The interdisciplinary and complementary research is driven by the hypothesis that under phosphate limited conditions, high productivity and high phosphate use efficiency can be achieved simultaneously by adapting phosphate cycling and availability (sources) to the multipurpose phosphate demands (sinks) in maize-based food-feed-energy systems. The educational program for doctoral researchers in China and Germany includes joint block seminars, thematic field trips, case studies, methodological courses, doctoral researchers’ conferences, intercultural training sessions and personal training.

关键词： international research training group limited resources maize phosphate

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Automatically building large-scale named entity recognition corpora from Chinese Wikipedia

Jie ZHOU,Bi-cheng LI,Gang CHEN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第11期页码 940-956 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500067

摘要： Named entity recognition (NER) is a core component in many natural language processing applications. Most NER systems rely on supervised machine learning methods, which depend on time-consuming and expensive annotations in different languages and domains. This paper presents a method for automatically building silver-standard NER corpora from Chinese Wikipedia. We refine novel and language-dependent features by exploiting the text and structure of Chinese Wikipedia. To reduce tagging errors caused by entity classification, we design four types of heuristic rules based on the characteristics of Chinese Wikipedia and train a supervised NE classifier, and a combined method is used to improve the precision and coverage. Then, we realize type identification of implicit mention by using boundary information of outgoing links. By selecting the sentences related with the domains of test data, we can train better NER models. In the experiments, large-scale NER corpora containing 2.3 million sentences are built from Chinese Wikipedia. The results show the effectiveness of automatically annotated corpora, and the trained NER models achieve the best performance when combining our silver-standard corpora with gold-standard corpora.

关键词： NER corpora Chinese Wikipedia Entity classification Domain adaptation Corpus selection

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Chinese agricultural technology transfer to African typical dry areas: practice and experience

Qiuxia MENG, Jianjie ZHANG, Wenyan XIE, Huaiping ZHOU, Qiang ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 440-454 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020353

摘要：

Africa has experienced increasing aridity and higher frequency of droughts due to climate change during the half past century with possible adverse effects on agricultural production, especially in dry areas with low rainfall. Under the auspices of the Africa Water Action Program between the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS-IAER) has worked closely with domestic and overseas partners on technology transfer in Morocco, Zambia, Egypt, Niger and Ethiopia from 2008 to 2013. A drought early warning system has been established and validated, and drought adaptation technologies have been trialed, modified, demonstrated and extended in African countries, and this shows great potential to increase crop production, water and fertilizer use efficiency and desert control in rainfed areas of Africa. The project has continued for six years and is a successful case of technology transfer and capacity building in Africa. The knowledge and experience gained will be useful to researchers, technicians, aid agencies and policy makers who work on agricultural technology transfer for in dry areas of Africa.

关键词： drought early warning adaptation technology China United Nations Environment Program Africa

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薄煤层刨煤机成套装备关键技术研究

宋秋爽

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第11期页码 33-38

摘要：

针对薄煤层安全、经济开采这一世界性难题，分析我国薄煤层资源分布以及开采技术现状，提出我国刨煤机成套装备系统所存在的技术问题，通过对成套装备关键技术的分析及研究，提出技术解决方法和途径，为刨煤机的自动化工作面提供技术支持。

关键词：刨煤机成套装备定向定量推移异构地质自适应控制

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Multiscale RBF-based central high resolution schemes for simulation of generalized thermoelasticity problems

Hassan YOUSEFI, Alireza TAGHAVI KANI, Iradj MAHMOUDZADEH KANI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 429-455 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0483-5

摘要： In this study, average-interpolating radial basis functions (RBFs) are successfully integrated with central high-resolution schemes to achieve a higher-order central method. This proposed method is used for simulation of generalized coupled thermoelasticity problems including shock (singular) waves in their solutions. The thermoelasticity problems include the LS (systems with one relaxation parameter) and GN (systems without energy dissipation) theories with constant and variable coefficients. In the central high resolution formulation, RBFs lead to a reconstruction with the optimum recovery with minimized roughness on each cell: this is essential for oscillation-free reconstructions. To guarantee monotonic reconstructions at cell-edges, the nonlinear scaling limiters are used. Such reconstructions, finally, lead to the total variation bounded (TVB) feature. As RBFs work satisfactory on non-uniform cells/grids, the proposed central scheme can handle adapted cells/grids. To have cost effective and accurate simulations, the multiresolution–based grid adaptation approach is then integrated with the RBF-based central scheme. Effects of condition numbers of RBFs, computational complexity and cost of the proposed scheme are studied. Finally, different 1-D coupled thermoelasticity benchmarks are presented. There, performance of the adaptive RBF-based formulation is compared with that of the adaptive Kurganov-Tadmor (KT) second-order central high-resolution scheme with the total variation diminishing (TVD) property.

关键词： central high resolution schemes RBFs higher order accuracy generalized thermoelasticity multiresolution-based adaptation

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Towards a self-adaptive service-oriented methodology based on extended SOMA

Alireza PARVIZI-MOSAED,Shahrouz MOAVEN,Jafar HABIBI,Ghazaleh BEIGI,Mahdieh NASER-SHARIAT

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第1期页码 43-69 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400040

摘要： We propose a self-adaptive process (SAP) that maintains the software architecture quality using the MAPE-K standard model. The proposed process can be plugged into various software development processes and service-oriented methodologies due to its explicitly defined inputs and outputs. To this aim, the proposed SAP is integrated with the service-oriented modeling and application (SOMA) methodology in a two-layered structure to create a novel methodology, named self-adaptive service-oriented architecture methodology (SASOAM), which provides a semi-automatic self-aware method by the composition of architectural tactics. Moreover, the maintenance activity of SOMA is improved using architectural and adaptive patterns, which results in controlling the software architecture quality. The improvement in the maintainability of SOMA is demonstrated by an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based evaluation method. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to a case study to represent the feasibility and practicality of SASOAM.

关键词： Quality attribute Adaptation pattern Architectural tactic Service-oriented architecture Self-adaptive process Architectural pattern

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城市地下空间恢复韧性发展策略研究

路德春,廖英泽,曾娇,江媛,王国盛,秦博宇,杜修力

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第1期页码 38-44 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.01.013

摘要：

防灾减灾理念及其运用在城市地下空间发展过程中发挥了一定的安全保障作用，但在自然风险和工程安全风险交织的背景下，无法全面满足城市地下空间未来发展需求；转向以“适灾”为导向的韧性防灾减灾理念，重视城市地下空间的灾后恢复韧性，成为未来发展亟需。本文分析了恢复韧性的内涵和影响因素，从工程、非工程角度阐述了国内外恢复韧性相关研究；重点从结构体系、评价方法、管理机制、空间规划、应急预案等方面，剖析了我国城市地下空间韧性发展现状。研究提出了“三阶段+评价体系”的城市地下空间恢复韧性发展策略，将灾后恢复过程划分为应急救援、恢复重建、规划适应三阶段，分别给出各阶段的恢复目标并为城市地下空间恢复韧性评价体系建设提供依据。研究建议，健全城市地下空间管理规章与应急预案，提高城市地下空间韧性规划水平，推动城市地下空间管理智能化，以促进城市地下空间恢复过程的有序与高效。

关键词：城市地下空间；防灾减灾；适灾；恢复韧性

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针对无监督域自适应问题的深度逐层领域修正算法 Article

Shuang LI, Shi-ji SONG, Cheng WU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第1期页码 91-103 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700774

摘要：深度神经网络凭借强大的特征抽象能力，已成功应用在机器学习的多个领域。然而，传统深度网络假设训练样本和测试样本来自同一分布，这一假设在很多实际应用中并不成立。为借助深度网络解决领域偏移问题，本文提出逐层领域修正（layer-wise domain correction, LDC）深度域自适应算法。该算法通过在已有深度网络中增加领域修正层，将源域网络成功适配到目标领域。逐层增加的领域修正层能够将两个领域特征的最大均值偏差（maximum mean discrepancy, MMD）距离最小化，从而完美匹配源域和目标域样本的特征表示。与此同时，网络深度的增加极大提高了网络表达能力。LDC算法不需要目标领域有标记样本，在几个跨领域分类识别数据集都取得了当时最好结果，且其训练比已有深度域自适应算法快近10倍。

关键词：无监督域自适应；最大均值偏差；残差网络；深度学习

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标题作者时间类型操作

Nonlinear design-point performance adaptation approaches and their comparisons for gas turbine applications

Y. G. LI, P. PILIDIS,

期刊论文

双向协同的去中心化多源域自适应

魏义康1,2,韩亚洪1,2

期刊论文

Comments on “Adaptation of Chinese and German maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate

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期刊论文