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ClimateAP: an application for dynamic local downscaling of historical and future climate data in Asia

Tongli WANG, Guangyu WANG, John L. INNES, Brad SEELY, Baozhang CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第4期   页码 448-458 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017172

摘要: While low-to-moderate resolution gridded climate data are suitable for climate-impact modeling at global and ecosystems levels, spatial analyses conducted at local scales require climate data with increased spatial accuracy. This is particularly true for research focused on the evaluation of adaptive forest management strategies. In this study, we developed an application, ClimateAP, to generate scale-free (i.e., specific to point locations) climate data for historical (1901–2015) and future (2011–2100) years and periods. ClimateAP uses the best available interpolated climate data for the reference period 1961–1990 as baseline data. It downscales the baseline data from a moderate spatial resolution to scale-free point data through dynamic local elevation adjustments. It also integrates and downscales the historical and future climate data using a delta approach. In the case of future climate data, two greenhouse gas representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) and 15 general circulation models are included to allow for the assessment of alternative climate scenarios. In addition, ClimateAP generates a large number of biologically relevant climate variables derived from primary monthly variables. The effectiveness of the local downscaling was determined based on the strength of the local linear regression for the estimate of lapse rate. The accuracy of the ClimateAP output was evaluated through comparisons of ClimateAP output against observations from 1805 weather stations in the Asia Pacific region. The local linear regression explained 70%–80% and 0%–50% of the total variation in monthly temperatures and precipitation, respectively, in most cases. ClimateAP reduced prediction error by up to 27% and 60% for monthly temperature and precipitation, respectively, relative to the original baselines data. The improvements for baseline portions of historical and future were more substantial. Applications and limitations of the software are discussed.

关键词: biologically relevant climate variables     downscaling     dynamic local regression     future climate     historical climate    

Responding to the Paris Climate Agreement: global climate change mitigation efforts

Yong GENG, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Anthony CHIU, Hancheng DAI, Han HAO

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 333-337 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0587-6

摘要:

关键词: valign=     top     class=     J_zhaiyao    

The most influential “Top 10 Events” in carbon neutrality and climate change in 2022

《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0869-5

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BUILDING CLIMATE-RESILIENT FOOD SYSTEMS IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA: VULNERABILITIES, RESPONSES AND FINANCING

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第1期   页码 16-30 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023492

摘要:

● Food systems in East and Southeast Asia are vulnerable to global warming.

关键词: food systems     climate change     East     policy     resilience and Southeast Asia    

Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Xiangwan DU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 338-343 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0535-5

摘要:

Following the Paris Agreement, green and low-carbon development has entered into a new stage. China’s international responsibility to combat climate change is consistent with the inherent sustainable development needs of the country. In this paper, the reasonability of China’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) is examined and the fact that low-carbon development can lead to modernization is demonstrated based on data analysis of energy economics from developed countries. Considering the fact that such an energy revolution forms the basis for China’s low-carbon transition, a roadmap of the China’s energy utilization is presented. Based on research results from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the three historical stages of China’s energy structure reform are analyzed. Promoting a low-carbon transition through an energy revolution is a long-term and arduous process that requires a genuine transformation of development outlook and patterns. By empirically analyzing situations at home and abroad, a conclusion is made that economic development and a low-carbon transition can be achieved simultaneously; specifically, low-carbon development fosters new points of economic growth and gives rise to different development paths.

关键词: climate change     Paris Agreement     low-carbon transition     energy revolution    

关于气候变化的哲学思考

李佩成

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第11期   页码 7-13

摘要:

从哲学的基本原理出发,引用地史及水文气象资料探讨了全球气候变化问题,指出全球气候一直在变化;气候变化的动力主要在天在地而不在人;当今的气候变化可能只是气候变化总过程中的一个波动阶段而非永远的趋势,且其变幅并未超出历史上气候变化的范畴。因此,不能断言全球气候变暖是由于人为排放CO2所致。所以对于不同时空条件下的气候变化应当具体矛盾具体分析具体解决,进而提出了中国应对气候变化的对策建议。

关键词: 气候变化     哲学思考     全球气候变暖     温室气体    

Comparison and analysis of energy consumption of energy-efficient office buildings in different climate

Ke ZHANG, Neng ZHU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 399-405 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0260-z

摘要: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the energy consumption (EC) and find out the determining factors of energy-efficient office building cases according to specific case studies in typical cities of different climate zones in China. The investigated building cases were located in four cities (Beijing, Ningbo, Nanjing and Shenzhen) of three architecture thermotechnical design zones (cold zone, hot summer and cold winter zone, hot summer and warm winter zone). The analysis indicates that the energy consumption index (ECI) of these four cases ranges from 41.06 to 74.23 kW·h/(m ·a). Besides, the outdoor climate can change the EC of air conditioning/heating systems, and further determine the monthly volatility of the total EC of the whole building.

关键词: energy-efficient building     breakdown energy consumption (EC)     energy consumption index (ECI)     different climate zone    

Impacts of climate change on optimal mixture design of blended concrete considering carbonation and chloride

Xiao-Yong WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 473-486 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0608-5

摘要: Many studies on the mixture design of fly ash and slag ternary blended concrete have been conducted. However, these previous studies did not consider the effects of climate change, such as acceleration in the deterioration of durability, on mixture design. This study presents a procedure for the optimal mixture design of ternary blended concrete considering climate change and durability. First, the costs of CO emissions and material are calculated based on the concrete mixture and unit prices. Total cost is equal to the sum of material cost and CO emissions cost, and is set as the objective function of the optimization. Second, strength, slump, carbonation, and chloride ingress models are used to evaluate concrete properties. The effect of different climate change scenarios on carbonation and chloride ingress is considered. A genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal mixture considering various constraints. Third, illustrative examples are shown for mixture design of ternary blended concrete. The analysis results show that for ternary blended concrete exposed to an atmospheric environment, a rich mix is necessary to meet the challenge of climate change, and for ternary blended concrete exposed to a marine environment, the impact of climate change on mixture design is marginal.

关键词: ternary blended concrete     climate change     optimal mixture design     carbonation     chloride ingress    

Climate change and its consequences for water and wastewater management

Peter A. WILDERER

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 1-1 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0001-z

摘要: Life, in combination with solar radiation and abiotic processes, is most probably the reason why liquid water has existed on Earth for over billions of years, and the global mean temperature has remained in a life-enabling range. Efforts to limit or even reverse global warming must be derived from the knowledge of the Earth’s complex life-support system. In this context, the balance between liquid and gaseous water plays a crucial role, and water management becomes an important field of innovation and action, globally, on the scale of watersheds but also on the very local level. Cascading use, reuse, and temporary storage of water in urban settings must be considered to limit over-extraction of water from natural resources, and to maintain the life supporting function of ecosystems. At the same time, public health requirements, cost efficiency, and reliability demands are to be met.

关键词: ecosystem     management tools     self-regulation     urbanization     water-climate relationship     water reuse    

Challenge of global climate change: Prospects for a new energy paradigm

Michael B. MCELROY

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 2-11 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0005-8

摘要: Perspectives on the challenge posed by potential future climate change are presented including a discussion of prospects for carbon capture followed either by sequestration or reuse including opportunities for alternatives to the use of oil in the transportation sector. The potential for wind energy as an alternative to fossil fuel energy as a source of electricity is outlined including the related opportunities for cost effective curtailment of future growth in emissions of CO.

关键词: climate change     carbon capture     wind     ethanol     CO2     radiative forcing    

Climate change and China’s mega urban regions

Chaolin GU, Sunsheng HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 418-430 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0075-5

摘要: China’s mega urban regions are focal points of economic development and environmental concerns. This paper positions four mega urban regions (i.e., the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Bohai Bay Area, and the South-eastern Fujian Province) along China’s coast into the national economy and elaborates their development challenges and planning innovations. Mega urban regions in China are spatial consequences of rapid economic transition. They deserve close scrutiny and demands for innovative planning responses in order to maintain their key role in driving economic growth but limiting their greenhouse gas emission.

关键词: climate change     mega urban region     urban planning    

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP PRODUCTION, PESTS AND PATHOGENS OF WHEAT AND RICE

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 4-18 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021432

摘要:

Ongoing climate change is expected to have impacts on crops, insect pests, and plant pathogens and poses considerable threats to sustainable food security. Existing reviews have summarized impacts of a changing climate on agriculture, but the majority of these are presented from an ecological point of view, and scant information is available on specific species in agricultural applications. This paper provides an overview of impacts of climate change on two staple crops, wheat and rice. First, the direct effects of climate change on crop growth, yield formation, and geographic distribution of wheat and rice are reviewed. Then, the effects of climate change on pests and pathogens related with wheat and rice, and their interactions with the crops are summarized. Finally, potential management strategies to mitigate the direct impacts of climate change on crops, and the indirect impacts on crops through pests and pathogens are outlined. The present overview aims to aid agriculture practitioners and researchers who are interested in wheat and rice to better understand climate change related impacts on the target species.

A critical literature review of bioretention research for stormwater management in cold climate and future

Hannah Kratky, Zhan Li, Yijun Chen, Chengjin Wang, Xiangfei Li, Tong Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0982-y

摘要: Bioretention is a popular best management practice of low impact development that effectively restores urban hydrologic characteristics to those of predevelopment and improves water quality prior to conveyance to surface waters. This is achieved by utilizing an engineered system containing a surface layer of mulch, a thick soil media often amended with a variety of materials to improve water quality, a variety of vegetation, and underdrains, depending on the surrounding soil characteristics. Bioretention systems have been studied quite extensively for warm climate applications, but data strongly supporting their long-term efficacy and application in cold climates is sparse. Although it is apparent that bioretention is an effective stormwater management system, its design in cold climate needs further research. Existing cold climate research has shown that coarser media is required to prevent concrete frost from forming. For spring, summer and fall seasons, if sufficient permeability exists to drain the system prior to freezing, peak flow and volume reduction can be maintained. Additionally, contaminants that are removed via filtration are also not impacted by cold climates. In contrary, dissolved contaminants, nutrients, and organics are significantly more variable in their ability to be removed or degraded via bioretention in colder temperatures. Winter road maintenance salts have been shown to negatively impact the removal of some contaminants and positively impact others, while their effects on properly selected vegetation or bacteria health are also not very well understood. Research in these water quality aspects has been inconsistent and therefore requires further study.

关键词: Bioretention     Cold climate     Low impact development     Stormwater    

CMIP5模式在东亚-西北太平洋地区的鲁棒性分析

周天军, 陈晓龙, 吴波, 郭准, 孙咏, 邹立维, 满文敏, 张丽霞, 何超

《工程(英文)》 2017年 第3卷 第5期   页码 773-778 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.018

摘要:
耦合模式比较计划(CMIP)是气候模拟研究领域的重要国际合作平台,服务于气候模式比较、气候变率、气候预测和气候预估。改善气候模式在东亚和西北太平洋地区的模拟性能,一直是气候模式领域面临的一项挑战。针对第五次耦合模式比较计划(CMIP5)中的气候模式,本文提供了综合鲁棒性分析。本文从气候平均态、年际变率、中上新世(MP)和过去千年的历史气候变化、气候预估的角度,对CMIP5 模式的优缺点进行了评估。另外,还评估了区域气候模式相对于驱动其运行的全球气候模式带来的模拟增值。从CMIP3 到CMIP5,模式的可信度明显提高,气候平均态、年际变率和过去气候变化的模拟情况有所改善,但在CMIP5 模式中,一些之前已知的偏差,如西北太平洋副热带高压脊线的位置和与之相关的降水偏差等,仍然很明显。对于年际振幅的模拟也存在明显的缺陷,如厄尔尼诺- 南方涛动(ENSO)与季风的关系。在模拟平均气候态和年际变率时,耦合模式的表现通常优于单独大气模式。多模式比较的结果表明,尽管在克劳修斯- 克拉珀龙方程约束下模式预估的降水一致增加,但未来气候预估仍存在明显的不确定性。对东亚- 西北太平洋地区的动力降尺度预估而言,区域海洋- 大气耦合模式是一个较好的选择。

关键词: 东亚季风     西北太平洋气候     厄尔尼诺-南方涛动     过去的气候变化     气候预估     耦合气候模式     区域气候模式    

Developing a new agenda for increased food and climate security

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023514

摘要:

● The urgent need to address increasing worldwide food and climate insecurity.

关键词: climate resilience     food security     human health     planetary health     regenerative agriculture    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

ClimateAP: an application for dynamic local downscaling of historical and future climate data in Asia

Tongli WANG, Guangyu WANG, John L. INNES, Brad SEELY, Baozhang CHEN

期刊论文

Responding to the Paris Climate Agreement: global climate change mitigation efforts

Yong GENG, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Anthony CHIU, Hancheng DAI, Han HAO

期刊论文

The most influential “Top 10 Events” in carbon neutrality and climate change in 2022

期刊论文

BUILDING CLIMATE-RESILIENT FOOD SYSTEMS IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA: VULNERABILITIES, RESPONSES AND FINANCING

期刊论文

Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Xiangwan DU

期刊论文

关于气候变化的哲学思考

李佩成

期刊论文

Comparison and analysis of energy consumption of energy-efficient office buildings in different climate

Ke ZHANG, Neng ZHU

期刊论文

Impacts of climate change on optimal mixture design of blended concrete considering carbonation and chloride

Xiao-Yong WANG

期刊论文

Climate change and its consequences for water and wastewater management

Peter A. WILDERER

期刊论文

Challenge of global climate change: Prospects for a new energy paradigm

Michael B. MCELROY

期刊论文

Climate change and China’s mega urban regions

Chaolin GU, Sunsheng HAN

期刊论文

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP PRODUCTION, PESTS AND PATHOGENS OF WHEAT AND RICE

期刊论文

A critical literature review of bioretention research for stormwater management in cold climate and future

Hannah Kratky, Zhan Li, Yijun Chen, Chengjin Wang, Xiangfei Li, Tong Yu

期刊论文

CMIP5模式在东亚-西北太平洋地区的鲁棒性分析

周天军, 陈晓龙, 吴波, 郭准, 孙咏, 邹立维, 满文敏, 张丽霞, 何超

期刊论文

Developing a new agenda for increased food and climate security

期刊论文