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Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 2-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0023-z

摘要： Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.

关键词： building energy use     lifestyle and technology     residential building     commercial building     rural building    

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A method to predict cooling load of large commercial buildings based on weather forecast and internal

Junbao JIA,Jincheng XING,Jihong LING,Ren PENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 459-465 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0424-8

摘要： Considering the fact that customers of large commercial buildings have the characteristics of the higher density and randomness, this paper presented an air-conditioning cooling load prediction method based on weather forecast and internal occupancy density. The multiple linear feedback regression model was applied to predict, with precision, the air conditioning cooling load. Case analysis showed that the largest mean relative error of hourly and the daily predicting cooling load maximum were 18.1% and 5.14%, respectively.

关键词： commercial building     load prediction     multiple linear regression    

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A Review on Shale Gas Development in Fuling

Zhi-gang Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 76-81 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015011

摘要： The Fuling Marine Shale Deposit contains vast gas resources. Due to tectonic activities, complex surface and geological conditions, significant differences make it unlike that of North America. Thus, it is not suitable to completely copy the technology and the development model from North America. Therefore we need engineering technology and a business development model fit for Fuling Shale Gas Development (FSGD). Through difficulties and characteristics analysis of the shale gas development area, we determined geological engineering design methods and integrated workflow, established a series of the core technologies, including horizontal well drilling with long laterals, staged fracturing and completion technology, developed main fluids, tools and equipment, put forward “well factory” mode in mountain region and “full cycle learning and system optimization” management methods. Break through was made in China’s first large-scale shale gas fields commercial development. By the end of 2014, production capacity reached 25 × 10 m /a, and cumulative gas production reached 12.24 × 10 m , which made a solid foundation to build production capacity of 50 × 10 m /a in 2015 and 100 × 10 m /a in 2017. Not only has FSGD established a demonstration for the other shale gas fields’ development, but also will be taken as reference to other large and extra-large construction projects of the industry.

关键词： Fuling     shale gas     drilling and completion     staged fracturing     learning curve     capacity building     commercial development    

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Chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter emitted from commercial cooking

Bing PEI,Hongyang CUI,Huan LIU,Naiqiang YAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 559-568 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0829-y

摘要： The chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM ) emitted from commercial cooking were explored in this study. Three typical commercial restaurants in Shanghai, i.e., a Shanghai-style one (SHS), a Sichuan-style one (SCS) and an Italian-style one (ITS), were selected to conduct PM sampling. Particulate organic matter (POM) was found to be the predominant contributor to cooking-related PM mass in all the tested restaurants, with a proportion of 69.1% to 77.1%. Specifically, 80 trace organic compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which accounted for 3.8%–6.5% of the total PM mass. Among the quantified organic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids had the highest concentration, followed by saturated fatty acids. Comparatively, the impacts of other kinds of organic compounds were much smaller. Oleic acid was the most abundant single species in both SCS and ITS. However, in the case of SHS, linoleic acid was the richest one. ITS produced a much larger mass fraction of most organic species in POM than the two Chinese cooking styles except for monosaccharide anhydrides and sterols. The results of this study could be utilized to explore the contribution of cooking emissions to PM pollution and to develop the emission inventory of PM from cooking, which could then help the policy-makers design efficient treatment measures and control strategies on cooking emissions in the future.

关键词： commercial cooking     PM2.5     chemical characteristics     organic matter    

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A complete genome for a commercial duck COMMENTS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年 第11卷 第2期   页码 344-346 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024557

摘要：

A complete genome for a commercial duck

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Economically attractive production of commercial-grade gasoline from waste plastics

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-024-0954-4

摘要： Economically attractive production of commercial-grade gasoline from waste plastics

关键词： plastics    

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Effectiveness of ten commercial maize cultivars in inducing Egyptian broomrape germination

Xiaoxin YE,Jinnan JIA,Yongqing MA,Yu AN,Shuqi DONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 137-146 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016098

摘要： Egyptian broomrape (EB), , is a devastating root parasite, causing enormous crop losses around the world. Maize has the potential to influence the growth of other plants through releasing certain allelochemicals and is able to induce germination of at least three broomrape species. To determine whether maize could be used as a trap crop for EB, 10 maize cultivars were tested for their ability to induce EB germination. The results showed that maize cultivars can induce EB germination, and that germination rates in a cut-root experiment and a hydroponic experiment were consistent. Maize cvs Changcheng 799 and Zhengdan 958 induced the highest EB germination rates, while cvs Luyu 13 and Zhengyu 203 were the least effective. These four maize cultivars were further studied in a pot experiment. Rhizosphere soil, rhizosphere soil extracts, root extracts and shoot extracts from these cultivars were all able to induce EB germination, with cv. Changcheng 799 inducing the highest germination rates. Root extracts generally induced higher germination rates than shoot extracts. It is suggested that Changcheng 799 could be planted as a trap crop for control of EB.

关键词： allelopathy     Egyptian broomrape     maize     seed germination     trap crop    

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Comparison of CNT-PVA membrane and commercial polymeric membranes in treatment of emulsified oily wastewater

Gang Yi, Xinfei Fan, Xie Quan, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1103-x

摘要：

CNT-PVA membrane was fabricated and compared with polymeric membranes.

The separation performance was evaluated by homemade and cutting fluid emulsions.

The three membranes show similar oil retention rates.

CNT-PVA membranes have higher permeation fluxes compared with polymeric membranes.

CNT-PVA membrane shows higher fouling resistance.

关键词： Oily wastewater     Microfiltration     Carbon nanotube membrane     Commercial polymeric membrane    

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Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen by III-nitrides nanowires

《能源前沿（英文）》 2024年 第18卷 第1期   页码 122-124 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0870-z

摘要： Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen by III-nitrides nanowires

关键词： threshold solar water     splitting hydrogen III    

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC WEIGHING PLATFORM FOR MONITORING BODYWEIGHT OF BROILER CHICKENS IN COMMERCIAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 363-373 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023510

摘要：

● An automatic weighing system for monitoring bodyweight of broilers was developed.

关键词： automatic weighing     weight monitoring     floor housing     uniformity     precision poultry farming    

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Comparison between two commercial uranium resins and a uranyl sulphate imprinted resin based on self-assembling

LIU Yaochi, XU Wei, XU Weijian, LIU Hanmao, ZHANG Xiaowen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 327-331 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0059-8

摘要： In recent years, resins prepared via molecular imprinting technology have received considerable attention owing to their recognition and selective adsorption. This paper deals with the comparative investigation between a uranyl sulphate imprinted ion-exchange based on self-assembling molecular imprinting technology and two kinds of commercial uranium resins (the medium pore resin D263 and strong base resin 201×7). The studies were focused on their kinetics performance, adaptability toward pH, and performance of saturation and elution in laboratory-scale column. The results show that the imprinted ion exchange resin has the fast kinetics, high adaptability toward pH, and good adsorption and elution performance.

关键词： saturation     molecular imprinting     imprinting technology     adaptability     commercial    

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The size distribution of airborne bacteria and human pathogenic bacteria in a commercial composting plant

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1356-4

摘要：

•Bacterial concentrations from eight stages were 104–105copies/m3.

关键词： Size distribution     Airborne bacteria     Biological diversity     Human pathogenic bacteria     Composting plants    

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DSM in an area consisting of residential, commercial and industrial load in smart grid

Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 211-216 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0351-0

摘要： With the latest introduction of the demand side management (DSM) in smart grids, the power distribution units are able to modify the load schedules of the consumers. This involves a co-operative interaction of the utility and the consumers so as to achieve customer load modifications in which the customer, utility and society all are benefited. The interaction is performed with the help of the devices known as the smart meter. This paper shows the use of game theory and logical mathematical expressions in order to achieve the objectives. The objectives are to minimize the peak to average ratio (PAR) and the energy cost. The outcome of the game between supplier and customers helps to shape the load profile. The design proposed in this paper is very user-friendly and is based on simple logarithmic programming computations. In this paper, residential, commercial and industrial types of loads are taken into account. A basic 24 h load schedule along with the fluctuating prices at each hour of the day is forecasted by the supplier of the various shiftable and non-shiftable loads and then that schedule is conveyed to the user. The users are encouraged to shift their high load devices to off-peak hours which will not only reduce their electricity costs but also substantially reduce the PAR in the load demand.

关键词： demand side management (DSM)     smart grids     peak to average ratio (PAR)     smart meters and logarithmic price function    

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Innovation Ecosystem for Green Smart City Building in China

Jin Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 325-330 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015058

摘要： Green Smart City (GSC), is one of the new types of cities which integrates eco-concepts and information technologies. As GSC construction is a resource intensive process, it requires a large amount of knowledge, information, talent and capital. Thus, setting up an innovation ecosystem is an astute way to promote the construction of a GSC. This paper, based on the case study by the Insigma Group, tries to explore the rules of innovation ecosystem building for the construction of GSCs in China.

关键词： green smart city     resource     innovation ecosystem building    

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燃料电池商用车产业发展现状与展望

谭旭光, 余卓平

《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第5期   页码 152-158 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.05.019

摘要：

面对全球严峻的节能减排与能源紧缺形势，国内外都将燃料电池汽车作为汽车行业的未来战略方向，高能耗高排放的商用车技术变革更显迫切。本文分析了国内外燃料电池汽车产业的发展动态，梳理了主要国家在燃料电池汽车开发和推广过程中所采取的各项举措，总结了我国燃料电池汽车产业发展的优势与面临的问题。研究表明，基于国家级产业引导政策，燃料电池汽车发展路线应以商用车为主；针对制约燃料电池商用车发展的因素，建议通过顶层设计，出台产业专项规划以明确产业发展的方向、目标和重点；强化燃料电池关键共性技术研发突破，解决制约产业快速发展的瓶颈问题，推动燃料电池汽车产业高质量发展。

关键词： 燃料电池     商用车     氢能     新能源    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

期刊论文

A method to predict cooling load of large commercial buildings based on weather forecast and internal

Junbao JIA,Jincheng XING,Jihong LING,Ren PENG

期刊论文

A Review on Shale Gas Development in Fuling

Zhi-gang Wang

期刊论文

Chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter emitted from commercial cooking

Bing PEI,Hongyang CUI,Huan LIU,Naiqiang YAN

期刊论文

A complete genome for a commercial duck

期刊论文

Economically attractive production of commercial-grade gasoline from waste plastics

期刊论文

Effectiveness of ten commercial maize cultivars in inducing Egyptian broomrape germination

Xiaoxin YE,Jinnan JIA,Yongqing MA,Yu AN,Shuqi DONG

期刊论文

Comparison of CNT-PVA membrane and commercial polymeric membranes in treatment of emulsified oily wastewater

Gang Yi, Xinfei Fan, Xie Quan, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu

期刊论文

Approaching the commercial threshold of solar water splitting toward hydrogen by III-nitrides nanowires

期刊论文

DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC WEIGHING PLATFORM FOR MONITORING BODYWEIGHT OF BROILER CHICKENS IN COMMERCIAL

期刊论文

Comparison between two commercial uranium resins and a uranyl sulphate imprinted resin based on self-assembling

LIU Yaochi, XU Wei, XU Weijian, LIU Hanmao, ZHANG Xiaowen

期刊论文

The size distribution of airborne bacteria and human pathogenic bacteria in a commercial composting plant

期刊论文

DSM in an area consisting of residential, commercial and industrial load in smart grid

Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

期刊论文

Innovation Ecosystem for Green Smart City Building in China

Jin Chen

期刊论文

燃料电池商用车产业发展现状与展望

谭旭光, 余卓平

期刊论文