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Genetic study and molecular breeding for high phosphorus use efficiency in maize

null

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 366-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019278

摘要:

Phosphorus is the second most important macronutrient after nitrogen and it has many vital functions in the life of plants. Most soils have a low available P content, which has become a key limiting factor for increasing crop production. Also, low P use efficiency (PUE) of crops in conjunction with excessive application of P fertilizers has resulted in serious environmental problems. Thus, dissecting the genetic architecture of crop PUE, mining related quantitative trait loci (QTL) and using molecular breeding methods to improve high PUE germplasm are of great significance and serve as an efficient approach for the development of sustainable agriculture. In this review, molecular and phenotypic characteristics of maize inbred lines with high PUE, related QTL and genes as well as low-P responses are summarized. Based on this, a breeding strategy applying genomic selection as the core, and integrating the existing genetic information and molecular breeding techniques is proposed for breeding high PUE maize inbred lines and hybrids.

关键词: maize     phosphorus use efficiency     quantitative trait loci     genetic study     molecular breeding     genomic selection    

Wheat research and breeding in the new era of a high-quality reference genome

Rudi APPELS

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 225-232 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019265

摘要:

The publications of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) released in August 2018 are reviewed and placed into the context of developments arising from the availability of the high-quality wheat genome assembly.

关键词: assembly technology     molecular markers     polyploidy     transcript networks     wheat genome    

Molecular regulation and genetic improvement of seed oil content in

Wei HUA,Jing LIU,Hanzhong WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第3期   页码 186-194 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016107

摘要: As an important oil crop and a potential bioenergy crop, L. is becoming a model plant for basic research on seed lipid biosynthesis as well as seed oil content, which has always been the key breeding objective. In this review, we present current progress in understanding of the regulation of oil content in , including genetics, biosynthesis pathway, transcriptional regulation, maternal effects and QTL analysis. Furthermore, the history of breeding for high oil content in is summarized and the progress in breeding ultra-high oil content lines is described. Finally, prospects for breeding high oil content cultivars are outlined.

关键词: breeding     maternal effects     oilseed rape     QTL    

Research progress on genetic improvement of

Chuanping YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第4期   页码 391-401 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017183

摘要: Suk. is one of the most widely distributed species of , the fourth most valuable timber species in north-eastern China and also a common tree species for landscaping. Over the past 30 years, effective progress has been made in genetic improvement and molecular breeding of . There has been extensive research on breeding techniques, including the collection and conservation of germplasm resources, provenance trials, intensive breeding techniques, crossbreeding and asexual propagation techniques, ploidy breeding and mutation breeding technology, genome sequencing, gene cloning, transgenic and molecular mechanisms of wood formation. A germplasm resource collection has been established by collecting different provenances, and full-sib and half-sib families. In addition, the geographic variation patterns of provenances have been revealed, and the provenance division and superior provenance selections made. flowering and seeding have been improved through intensive breeding techniques. Interspecific hybridization, intraspecific hybridization and parallel crosses were made using fine parents, and intensive seed orchards have been established. Systems of asexual propagation, including cuttings, grafting and tissue culture have been established. A tetraploid was successfully constructed and a triploid seed orchard established. The growth, wood property and resistance genes of have been cloned. An efficient transgenic system mediated by was established, and genes encoding insect resistance, drought resistance and salt tolerance, lignin synthesis, flowering, hormone transport and balance obtained. molecular markers were developed and the high density genetic map constructed. All this research has provided a model and data for the foundation of forest genetic improvement and applied research.

关键词: Betula platyphylla     genetic improvement     molecular breeding     seed orchard    

水产育种生物技术发展战略研究

陈松林,徐文腾,卢昇,胡炜,王德寿,胡晓丽,周茜,刘清华,赵紫霞,覃钦博,王师,刘洋,崔忠凯

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第4期   页码 214-226 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.023

摘要: Molecular and Cellular Probes‍ , 2009 , 23 5 : 235 ‒ 239 ‍.Evaluation of the 2b-RAD method for genomic selection in scallop breeding [J]‍.Molecular and Cellular Probes‍ , 2009 , 23 5 : 235 ‒ 239 ‍.Evaluation of the 2b-RAD method for genomic selection in scallop breeding [J]‍.Molecular Ecology Resources , 2015 , 15 3 : 662 ‒ 672 ‍.

关键词: 生物技术;水产育种技术;传统育种技术;分子育种技术;智能育种技术    

大豆胞囊线虫抗性研究现状及其对大豆育种的启示 Review

Guiping Yan,Richard Baidoo

《工程(英文)》 2018年 第4卷 第4期   页码 534-541 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.009

摘要:

大豆胞囊线虫(SCN,Heterodera glycines)是危害全球大豆生产最严重的线虫。作物轮作和培育抗线虫品种是防治线虫的主要方法。随着越来越多能够克服常用抗源的毒性SCN 群体出现,有必要寻找更多新的抗源或拓宽抗性遗传背景。本文综述了大豆抗SCN 基因的研究进展,以及这些基因如何相互作用,从而使大豆能够抗SCN。本文还提供了最新分子作图和分子标记,可用于不同抗性品系和品种的大规模选择和鉴定,以加速常规育种计划。深入了解SCN 寄生蛋白和大豆对病原体的抗性是通过基因修饰、基因叠加、回交或基因工程引入新的抗源而使抗源多样化的关键。

关键词: 大豆胞囊线虫     Heterodera glycines     抗性     分子育种    

Comments on this special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding

Zhonghu HE, Xu LLU

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 309-309 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019264

Highlights of special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding

Zhonghu HE, Zhendong ZHAO, Shunhe CHENG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 207-209 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019263

Genomics and genetic breeding in aquatic animals: progress and prospects

Wenteng XU, Songlin CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第3期   页码 305-318 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017154

摘要: Genomics focuses on dissection of genome structure and function to provide a molecular basis for understanding the genetic background. In a pivotal step, the expense of whole genome sequencing has been largely eliminated by the rapid updating of sequencing technology, leading to increasing numbers of decoded genomes of aquatic organisms, driving the aquaculture industry into the genomic era. Multiple aquatic areas have been influenced by these findings, such as accelerated generation shift in the seed industry and the process of breeding improved lines. In this article, we have summarized the latest domestic and international progress of aquatic animals in nine aspects, including WGS and fine mapping, construction of high density genetic/physical maps, trait-related marker/genes screening, as well as sex control, genome editing, and other molecular breeding technologies. Finally, the existing problems in this field have been discussed and five future counter measures have been proposed accordingly.

关键词: aquaculture     genomics     genetic breeding     progress    

油菜转基因育种研究进展

官春云

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第8期   页码 34-39

摘要:

简要介绍了国外油菜转基因育种情况,包括转除草剂抗性基因,病原菌抗性基因,耐重金属基因, 影响种子贮藏产物基因,影响繁殖特性基因,医药和工业产品基因,以及启动子调节基因等。较详细介绍了湖 南农业大学在Bt毒蛋白基因转化甘蓝型油菜育成抗虫新品系、基因工程雄性不育系、恢复系选育和杂种优势利 用,以及反义FAD2基因转化甘蓝型油菜双低品种提高油酸含量的研究结果;浙江省农科院利用反义PEP基因 转化甘蓝型油菜提高种子含油量的研究结果。

关键词: 油菜     转基因     育种    

Breeding for the resistance to

Hongxiang MA, Xu ZHANG, Jinbao YAO, Shunhe CHENG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 251-264 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019262

摘要:

With the changes of climate and cultivation systems, the head blight (FHB) epidemic area in China has extended since 2000 from the reaches of the Yangtze River to the north and west winter wheat region. Breeding for FHB resistance in wheat is an effective way to control the disease. Chinese wheat breeders commenced research on FHB in the 1950s. Sumai 3, Ning 7840, Yangmai 158, Ningmai 9 and other cultivars with improved FHB resistance were developed through standard breeding methods and widely applied in production or breeding programs. In addition to intervarietal crosses, alien germplasm was used to improve FHB resistance of wheat. Addition, substitution and translocation lines with alien chromosomes or chromosome fragments were created to enhance FHB resistance. Somaclonal variation was also used to develop a FHB resistant cv. Shengxuan 3 and other cultivars with moderate resistance to FHB were released by such methods. QTL (quantitative trait loci) for FHB resistance were characterized in cultivars originating from China. The major QTL, , was identified on chromosome 3BS in Sumai 3, Ning 894037, Wangshuibai and other Chinese resistant sources. Diagnostic molecular markers for 1 have been applied in wheat breeding and breeding lines with improved FHB resistance and desirable agronomic traits have been obtained. However, breeding for FHB resistance is a long-term task, new technologies are likely to increase the efficiency of this process and better FHB resistance of new cultivars is expected to be achieved within the next decade.

关键词: breeding     Fusarium head blight     wheat    

痩肉猪育种的发展及展望

熊远著

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第9期   页码 42-46

摘要:

文章对世界的猪育种过程特别是中国的瘦肉猪育种,从猪种资源调査到优良猪种引进与新品种选育,专门化品系选育与配套利用,种猪测定等方面进行了回顾,就分子生物技术在猪遗传育种中的应用及取得的成果作了简要概述。展望了21世纪瘦肉猪育种的目标,并就新品种培育、猪种资源保存、完善种猪测定体系和加速分子生物技术在猪育种中的应用提出了建议。

关键词:     瘦肉型     育种    

Special issue on “Molecular Sensors and Molecular Logic Gates”

Luling Wu , Tony D. James

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 1-3 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2134-y

Design of bio-oil additives via molecular signature descriptors using a multi-stage computer-aided molecular

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 168-182 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2056-8

摘要: Direct application of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis as a fuel has remained a challenge due to its undesirable attributes such as low heating value, high viscosity, high corrosiveness and storage instability. Solvent addition is a simple method for circumventing these disadvantages to allow further processing and storage. In this work, computer-aided molecular design tools were developed to design optimal solvents to upgrade bio-oil whilst having low environmental impact. Firstly, target solvent requirements were translated into measurable physical properties. As different property prediction models consist different levels of structural information, molecular signature descriptor was used as a common platform to formulate the design problem. Because of the differences in the required structural information of different property prediction models, signatures of different heights were needed in formulating the design problem. Due to the combinatorial nature of higher-order signatures, the complexity of a computer-aided molecular design problem increases with the height of signatures. Thus, a multi-stage framework was developed by developing consistency rules that restrict the number of higher-order signatures. Finally, phase stability analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability of the solvent-oil blend. As a result, optimal solvents that improve the solvent-oil blend properties while displaying low environmental impact were identified.

关键词: computer-aided molecular design     bio-oil additives     molecular signature descriptor    

Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

Shihua CHENG,Xiaodeng ZHAN,Liyong CAO

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 277-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015081

摘要: Super hybrid rice breeding is a new breeding method combining semi-dwarf breeding and heterosis breeding using germplasm and gene-environment interactions. This paper reviews the breeding strategies of super hybrid rice breeding in China, focusing on the utilization of heterosis of indica and japonica subspecies, construction of ideal plant architecture and pyramiding of disease resistant genes in restorer lines. To develop super hybrid rice, considerable effort should be made to explore genes related with high yield, good quality, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to stresses. Molecular breeding methods in combination with crossing techniques should be adopted in super hybrid rice breeding.

关键词: super hybrid rice     breeding strategies     yield potential    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Genetic study and molecular breeding for high phosphorus use efficiency in maize

null

期刊论文

Wheat research and breeding in the new era of a high-quality reference genome

Rudi APPELS

期刊论文

Molecular regulation and genetic improvement of seed oil content in

Wei HUA,Jing LIU,Hanzhong WANG

期刊论文

Research progress on genetic improvement of

Chuanping YANG

期刊论文

水产育种生物技术发展战略研究

陈松林,徐文腾,卢昇,胡炜,王德寿,胡晓丽,周茜,刘清华,赵紫霞,覃钦博,王师,刘洋,崔忠凯

期刊论文

大豆胞囊线虫抗性研究现状及其对大豆育种的启示

Guiping Yan,Richard Baidoo

期刊论文

Comments on this special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding

Zhonghu HE, Xu LLU

期刊论文

Highlights of special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding

Zhonghu HE, Zhendong ZHAO, Shunhe CHENG

期刊论文

Genomics and genetic breeding in aquatic animals: progress and prospects

Wenteng XU, Songlin CHEN

期刊论文

油菜转基因育种研究进展

官春云

期刊论文

Breeding for the resistance to

Hongxiang MA, Xu ZHANG, Jinbao YAO, Shunhe CHENG

期刊论文

痩肉猪育种的发展及展望

熊远著

期刊论文

Special issue on “Molecular Sensors and Molecular Logic Gates”

Luling Wu , Tony D. James

期刊论文

Design of bio-oil additives via molecular signature descriptors using a multi-stage computer-aided molecular

期刊论文

Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

Shihua CHENG,Xiaodeng ZHAN,Liyong CAO

期刊论文