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南水北调工程

Office of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Construction Committee, State Council, PRC

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 265-267 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.022

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大西线南水北调虚拟仿真方法论

李伯衡

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第5期页码 19-23

摘要：

南水北调工程已正式列入“十五”计划，近期南水北调工程主要是东线和中线开工建设。文章论述了大西线南水北调的必要性和研究路线；论述了采用数字地球虚拟仿真技术研究西南诸外流主河的调水可行性，包括调水量、地质基础、调水路线优化、环境效益的研究方法和研究路线。

关键词：西线调水虚拟方法论

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我国北方地区水资源合理配置与南水北调

潘家铮

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第10期页码 26-32

摘要：

根据我国的水资源状况及可持续发展的需要，从水量丰富的长江流域引水北上的南水北调工程是势在必行和可以做到的。南水北调的原则应是：建立节水型社会，以供定需；合理配置，注意挖潜；东线、中线相辅相成，并非有我无他；编制概算实事求是，力戒“上马概算”；局部利益服从整体利益，暂时利益服从长远利益；坚持水资源统一管理，科学调配，有偿使用；西南调水不现实，宜暂缓。

关键词：水资源可持续发展南水北调

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Water Diversion is Not to Blame for Phosphorus Enrichment in Taihu Lake

Zhiyuan Wang,Qiuwen Chen,Jianyun Zhang,Hanlu Yan,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.07.007

摘要： The Water Diversion Project from the Yangtze River to Taihu Lake (WDYT) has been widely recognized as an urgent and effective engineering measure to increase water resources, ameliorate the hydrodynamics and water quality conditions, and safeguard the water supply of Taihu Basin. However, some previous studies claimed that WDYT has brought in allochthonous nutrients and should take responsibility for the dramatic increase in phosphorus loading of Taihu Lake in recent years, because Yangtze River has a higher average phosphorus concentration than Taihu Lake. To ensure correct public understanding and provide a critical response to the misconception about the source of phosphorus loading, we quantified contribution of water diversion from the Yangtze River to phosphorus loadings of Taihu Lake over the past twenty years. We reveal that WDYT only diverted 4.3% annually of total phosphorus input of Taihu Lake in the last decade and should not be responsible for the increase in phosphorus concentration and loading in Taihu Lake. We conclude that phosphorus input from the Huxi Region contribute 78% of phosphorus input of Taihu Lake and should be primarily responsible for the high phosphorus concentration of Taihu Lake. Our findings have provided constructive guidance for water resource management of Taihu Basin and phosphorus load control of the second stage of WDYT.

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引江济太措施对望虞河西部污染物滞留和转移风险分析

吴时强,范子武,周杰,吴修锋

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 102-108

摘要：

引水调控措施是改善太湖流域区域性水环境的应急措施，多年试验研究成果证明了引水措施的有效性。由于调水工程的复杂性以及受到诸多不确定性因素的影响，引水调控措施在改善区域水环境的同时，也会对引水沿线周边区域水环境带来一定的影响，尤其是望虞河西部区域，河网水流受阻，存在武锡澄虞河网区污水滞留或向其他地方转移的风险。针对4个引排水方案，分析了引水对河网水动力条件的变化，比较了引水对望虞河西部河网地区水质影响，分析了河网河道污水滞流时间、强度及迁移长度，评价了污水滞留风险，提出了相应的应急对策。

关键词：太湖数值模拟风险分析引水调控望虞河西部

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Assessing the impact on groundwater safety of inter-basin water transfer using a coupled modeling approach

Haifeng JIA,Shidong LIANG,Yansong ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 84-95 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0741-2

摘要： Surface water and groundwater always behave in a coupled manner and are major components of hydrologic cycle. However, surface water simulation models and groundwater simulation models are run separately most of the time. Few models focus on the impact of hydraulic changes in the surface water flows on the groundwater, or specifically, the impact of a water transfer project to fill a seasonally dry channel. In this study, a linked surface water and groundwater simulation model was developed to assess the impact of a trans-basin water diversion project on the groundwater. A typical plain area east of Beijing was selected as a case study, representing Beijing’s main source of groundwater used for drinking water. A surface water quality model of the Chaobai River was developed based on the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP), and a groundwater model was developed based on the Modular Finite-Difference Groundwater Flow Model (MODFLOW) and the Modular 3-D transport model (MT3D). The results of the surface water simulation were used as input for the groundwater simulation. Water levels and four contaminants (NH -N, COD , F, As) were simulated. With the same initial and boundary conditions, scenario analyses were performed to quantify the impact of different quantities of diversion water on the groundwater environment. The results showed the water quality of the groundwater sources was not significantly affected.

关键词： surface water groundwater linked model groundwater safety impact assessment water diversion

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南水北调东线工程黄河以北线路优化构想

赵勇,何凡,王庆明,何国华

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第5期页码 107-115 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.013

摘要：

《南水北调工程总体规划》批复近20 年来，我国北方地区水资源供需情势、水生态环境问题均发生深刻变化；优化南水北调后续工程线路，对适应北方地区新发展形势、落实国家重大战略具有重要意义。京津冀地区是南水北调东线后续工程的主要受水区，分析本地区的中长期供求趋势、空间分布及结构特征，可以发现：从长远供求趋势看，京津冀地区水资源缺口为3.9×10⁹~6×10⁹ m³，用水需求的增长点主要是中西部城市区，也是雄安新区等国家战略布局实施的重点保障区域；充分利用现有河渠，新增经白洋淀进京路线，将供水中心西移，使工程线路更侧重覆盖地下水浅层超采区，也更利于补给河湖生态用水；东线后续工程经白洋淀进京方案具有串联水系多、自流覆盖广、调蓄能力强、综合效益高等比较优势，更适应京津冀地区高质量发展的需求。结合南水北调东线后续工程规划建设面临的新形势，梳理工程的功能定位、整体布局、线路走向等关键问题，提出东线后续工程线路优化构想，可为南水北调后续工程高质量发展提供参考。

关键词：南水北调工程京津冀白洋淀水资源供需双线格局

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Financing Model Decision of Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects

Ji-wei Zhu,Li-nan Zhou,Zhao Zhai,Cong Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 396-403 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016060

摘要： Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects require the appropriate financing model to attract large amounts of social investment. Therefore, financing model decision becomes the key of engineering construction. In three aspects, such as the subject, the object and the target of the financing model, Grey Target Model is established in this paper. First, the complex financing mode decision problems of Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects are decomposed by using hierarchical decomposition method. Then Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to calculate the comprehensive weight of evaluation index. Experts’ opinions financing model are transformed into the evaluation matrix based on the Dephi method. The Weighted Grey Target Model is used to calculate the approaching degree of financing model and assists financing mode decision. In addition, this paper takes the water diversion project from the Han to the Wei River of Shaanxi Province as a verification example for the model. For other water diversion projects, the evaluation results are also reliable and provide theoretical references for the financing model decision of Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects.

关键词： Inter-basin Water Transfer Projects financing model Weighted Grey Target Model water diversion Han River Wei River

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东昌湖流域生态补水管理模式探讨

陈友媛,崔香,杨世迎,张卫,李亚平,胡广鑫

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 65-70

摘要：

目前国际上已将湖泊水环境研究的重心转向湖泊流域生态系统管理，即从流域尺度对湖泊进行污染治理、生态恢复以及生态系统管理，实现湖泊流域内社会经济协调与湖泊生态系统健康的可持续发展。笔者在对东昌湖流域生态补水管理概念界定的基础上，提出了东昌湖流域生态补水管理概念模式、东昌湖流域社会经济协调发展优化模式、东昌湖水质水量保障和生态环境改善的环境管理体系。它涵盖了流域管理、水环境管理和生态系统管理的思想和内容。

关键词：东昌湖湖泊流域生态补水管理模式

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南水北调工程生态环境影响研究综述——跨流域调水的影响 Review

Hanlu Yan, Yuqing Lin, 陈求稳, 张建云, Shufeng He, Tao Feng, Zhiyuan Wang, Cheng Chen ,Jue Ding

《工程（英文）》 2023年第30卷第11期页码 161-169 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.012

摘要：

Interbasin water-transfer schemes provide an engineering solution for reconciling the conflict between water demand and availability. In the context of climate change, which brings great uncertainties to water resource distribution, interbasin water transfer plays an increasingly important role in the global water–food–energy nexus. However, the transfer of water resources simultaneously changes the hydrological regime and the characteristics of local water bodies, affecting biotic communities accordingly. Compared with high economic and technical inputs water-transfer projects require, the environmental and ecological implications of water-transfer schemes have been inadequately addressed. This work selects the largest water-transfer project in China, the South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD) Project, to critically review its eco-environmental impacts on donor and recipient basins, as well as on regions along the diversion route. The two operated routes of the SNWD Project represent two typical water diversion approaches: The Middle Route uses an excavated canal, while the East Route connects existent river channels. An overview of the eco-environmental implications of these two routes is valuable for the design and optimization of future water-transfer megaprojects.

关键词： Interbasin water transfer Water resources Ecosystem Water quality Environmental impacts

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南水北调中线工程渠道糙率的系统辨识

杨开林,汪易森

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第11期页码 17-23

摘要：

提出了分析调水工程渠道沿程糙率的系统辨识新方法。依据水力学原理，建立了渠道沿程糙率与粗糙高度ks和水力半径R的函数关系，然后通过数学变换提出了适合最小二乘法进行系统辨识的线性模型。并以南水北调中线工程原型观测资料为基础，考虑渠道断面形状、底坡、渠长变化的影响，应用系统辨识的方法消除水力测量随机误差的干扰,得到了通用的渠道沿程糙率计算公式。

关键词：渠道糙率系统辨识最小二乘法

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中国水利水电工程发展综述

贾金生

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 302-312 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.008

摘要：

本文总结了中国水利水电工程的发展，并与国外的情况进行了比较，对高坝建设安全保障、江河治理与非均匀不平衡输沙理论、跨流域调水工程、巨型水电机组、抽水蓄能电站、地下洞室以及生态保护等方面的重大技术进展进行了阐述。

关键词：大坝江河治理调水工程抽水蓄能电站地下洞室生态保护

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水利水电工程施工初期导流标准多目标风险决策研究

胡志根,刘全,贺昌海,肖焕雄,周宜红,傅峥,李定葵

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第8期页码 58-63

摘要：

水电工程施工导流的成败直接影响到主体工程的建设，与导流标准选择密切相关，而导流标准的择优必须综合协调导流建筑物的建设投资、工期、系统风险率及其风险损失。文章系统全面地分析了水电工程施工初期导流标准选择涉及的控制性因素，提出了因素定量化方法，运用多目标决策理论，建立了初期导流标准风险决策模型。通过实例分析，说明导流标准风险因素定量化刻划方法及决策模型是有效的，很好地解决了导流工程工期、投资与风险之间的关系。

关键词：施工导流初期导流导流标准多目标规划风险决策

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施工导流工程风险的保险费用厘定方法研究

陈志鼎,胡志根

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第4期页码 106-112

摘要：

在分析导流工程风险因素、综合风险率和工程保险期限的基础上，研究导流工程失效后淹没基坑造成损失的次数及其分布规律，提出导流系统失效后的总损失服从非齐次复合Poisson过程，建立基于导流工程保险损失的聚合风险模型，给出施工导流工程保险费用的厘定方法及其数学表达，为水利水电工程保险费的厘定提供理论方法。

关键词：导流风险工程保险保险费非齐次复合Poisson过程

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基于仿真的长距离引水隧洞施工全过程进度实时控制与可视化分析研究

胡连兴,佟大威,焦凯

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第12期页码 97-102

摘要：

长距离引水隧洞常具有埋深大、洞线长、洞径大和工程地质条件极其复杂等特点，各工序工程量大，相互间影响巨大，因此，在实际施工过程中内外环境和约束条件可能发生变化，使原定的施工进度计划与实际施工进程不可避免地产生偏差。如果这种偏差不及时纠正，将会越来越大，以致原计划进度起不到指导实际施工的作用。文章利用计算机仿真技术、控制论思想和虚拟现实技术，提出了基于仿真的长距离引水隧洞施工全过程进度实时控制与可视化分析方法，对施工进度的实时控制提供了可行性研究和科学依据。

关键词：长距离引水隧洞施工进度实时控制可视化仿真