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Spatiotemporal variation in water footprint of grain production in China

Pute WU,Yubao WANG,Xining ZHAO,Shikun SUN,Jiming JIN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 186-193 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015060

摘要： Water shortage has become a significant constraint to grain production in China. A more holistic approach is needed to understand the links between grain production and water consumption. Water footprint provides a framework to assess water utilization in agriculture production. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal variation in water footprint of grain production (WFGP) in China from 1951 to 2010. The results show that, jointly motivated by the improvement of agricultural production and water use efficiency, WFGP in all areas showed a decreasing trend. National average WFGP has decreased from 3.38 to 1.31 m ·kg . Due to regional differences in agricultural production and water use efficiency, spatial distribution of WFGP varies significantly and its pattern has changed through time. Moreover, WFGP may show significant differences within areas of similar climatic conditions and agricultural practices, indicating that there is a strong need to improve the management of water use technology. Statistical analysis revealed that regional differences in grain yield are the main cause for variations in spatiotemporal WFGP. However, the scope for further increases in grain yield is limited, and thus, the future goal of reducing WFGP is to decrease the water use per unit area.

关键词： water footprint     grain production     grain secu- rity     water scarcity     water-saving    

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WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 512-524 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021393

摘要：

Settlement patterns and social structures have been shaped by access to water since the onset of human societies. This review covers historical and recent examples from Cambodia, Central Asia, India, Latin America and the Arabian Peninsula to analyze the role of water resources in determining the rise and collapse of civilizations. Over recent decades increasing globalization and concomitant possibilities to externalize water needs as virtual water have obscured global dependence on water resources via telecoupling, but rapid urbanization brings it now back to the political agenda. It is foremost in the urban arena of poorer countries where competing claims for water increasingly lead to scale-transcendent conflicts about ecosystem services. Solutions to the dilemma will require broad stakeholder-based agreements on water use taking into account the available data on water resources, their current and potential use efficiency, recycling of water after effective treatment, and social-ecological approaches of improved governance and conflict resolution.

 

关键词： agroecology     historical water use     water footprint     water governance     urbanization    

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WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

Andreas BUERKERT, Kotiganahalli Narayanagowda GANESHAIAH, Stefan SIEBERT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 512-524 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021393

摘要： Since the onset of human societies, settlement patterns and social structures have been shaped by access to water. This review covers historical and recent examples from Cambodia, Central Asia, India, Latin America and the Arabian Peninsula to analyze the role of water resources in determining the rise and collapse of civilizations. Over recent decades increasing globalization and concomitant possibilities to externalize water needs as have obscured global dependence on water resources via telecoupling, but rapid urbanization brings it now back to the political agenda. It is foremost in the urban arena of poorer countries where competing claims for water increasingly lead to scale-transcendent conflicts about ecosystem services. Solutions to the dilemma will require broad stakeholder-based agreements on water use taking into account the available data on water resources, their current and potential use efficiency, recycling of water after effective treatment, and social-ecological approaches of improved governance and conflict resolution.

关键词： agroecology     historical water use     water footprint     water governance     urbanization    

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The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 185-194 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017149

摘要： This paper explores the effect of varying agricultural management practices on different water efficiency indicators: irrigation efficiency (IE), crop water use efficiency (WUE), and green and blue water footprint (WF). We take winter wheat in an experimental field in Northern China as a case study and consider a dry, average and wet year. We conducted 24 modeling experiments with the AquaCrop model, for all possible combinations of four irrigation techniques, two irrigation strategies and three mulching methods. Results show that deficit irrigation most effectively improved blue water use, by increasing IE (by 5%) and reducing blue WF (by 38%), however with an average 9% yield reduction. Organic or synthetic mulching practices improved WUE (by 4% and 10%, respectively) and reduced blue WF (by 8% and 17%, respectively), with the same yield level. Drip and subsurface drip irrigation improved IE and WUE, but drip irrigation had a relatively large blue WF. Improvements in one water efficiency indicator may cause a decline in another. In particular, WUE can be improved by more irrigation at the cost of the blue WF. Furthermore, increasing IE, for instance by installing drip irrigation, does not necessarily reduce the blue WF.

关键词： field management     irrigation efficiency     water footprint     water productivity     water use efficiency    

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Reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with Agriculture Green Development

William J. DAVIES, Jianbo SHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 1-4 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019311

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Lifecycle carbon footprint and cost assessment for coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, storage

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 412-427 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0879-3

摘要： The coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, utilization, and storage technology has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions, but its carbon footprint and cost assessment are still insufficient. In this paper, coal mining to oil production is taken as a life cycle to evaluate the carbon footprint and levelized costs of direct-coal-to-liquid and indirect-coal-to-liquid coupled with the carbon capture utilization and storage technology under three scenarios: non capture, process capture, process and public capture throughout the life cycle. The results show that, first, the coupling carbon capture utilization and storage technology can reduce CO2 footprint by 28%–57% from 5.91 t CO2/t·oil of direct-coal-to-liquid and 24%–49% from 7.10 t CO2/t·oil of indirect-coal-to-liquid. Next, the levelized cost of direct-coal-to-liquid is 648–1027 $/t of oil, whereas that of indirect-coal-to-liquid is 653–1065 $/t of oil. When coupled with the carbon capture utilization and storage technology, the levelized cost of direct-coal-to-liquid is 285–1364 $/t of oil, compared to 1101–9793 $/t of oil for indirect-coal-to-liquid. Finally, sensitivity analysis shows that CO2 transportation distance has the greatest impact on carbon footprint, while coal price and initial investment cost significantly affect the levelized cost of coal-to-liquid.

关键词： coal-to-liquid     carbon capture     utilization and storage (CCUS)     carbon footprint     levelized cost of liquid     lifecycle assessment    

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science really help us to produce more better-quality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint

William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 28-44 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019299

摘要：

This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and supply. We must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our planet. There are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange (KE) framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the globe. We discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be reduced and labor shortages combatted. Exploitation of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical application. It is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective KE mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.

关键词： food security     environmental sustainability     crop water use efficiency     crop science     diet and health    

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Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 400-410 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0565-z

摘要：

Waste management is becoming a crucial issue in modern society owing to rapid urbanization and the increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). This paper evaluates the carbon footprint of the waste management sector to identify direct and indirect carbon emissions, waste recycling carbon emission using a hybrid life cycle assessment and input-output analysis. China and Japan was selected as case study areas to highlight the effects of different industries on waste management. The results show that the life cycle carbon footprints for waste treatment are 59.01 million tons in China and 7.01 million tons in Japan. The gap between these footprints is caused by the different waste management systems and treatment processes used in the two countries. For indirect carbon footprints, China’s material carbon footprint and depreciation carbon footprint are much higher than those of Japan, whereas the purchased electricity and heat carbon footprint in China is half that of Japan. China and Japan have similar direct energy consumption carbon footprints. However, CO2 emissions from MSW treatment processes in China (46.46 million tons) is significantly higher than that in Japan (2.72 million tons). The corresponding effects of waste recycling on CO2 emission reductions are considerable, up to 181.37 million tons for China and 96.76 million tons for Japan. Besides, measures were further proposed for optimizing waste management systems in the two countries. In addition, it is argued that the advanced experience that developed countries have in waste management issues can provide scientific support for waste treatment in developing countries such as China.

关键词： waste management     waste recycling     carbon footprint     hybrid LCA    

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Promoting green transformation by ensuring food security while reducing the environmental footprint of EDITORIAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年 第11卷 第1期   页码 1-4 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024549

摘要：

Reconciling the challenges of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while limiting environmental damage that can result from operations of our food systems is an enormous challenge. In many parts of the world, agriculture is undergoing major transformations and this has been and still is particularly the case in China. In many countries, historical increases in food production have largely been achieved by increasing inputs of a range of resources, resulting in increased environmental footprints of the food produced. Agricultural development in China has resulted in unprecedented environmental degradation. Demand for food in China remains high and with an emphasis on national self-sufficiency in production of many food crops. There is an urgent need for the development of productive and more environmentally-friendly agricultural systems and improved environmental-economic-social resilience.

关键词： development     transformation food security    

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中国与“一带一路”沿线典型国家贸易虚拟水分析

孟凡鑫 ,夏昕鸣 ,胡元超 ,杨志峰

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第4期   页码 92-99 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.04.019

摘要：

本文基于多区域投入产出分析方法，建立了全球多尺度嵌套模型及相应的环境卫星矩阵数据库，测算了中国对“一带一路”沿线典型国家商品和服务贸易的虚拟水量。总体来说，中国在与“一带一路”沿线典型国家进行贸易时，国内生产耗水量小于国内消费虚拟水，属于虚拟水的“国内消费、国外承担”模式，是虚拟水净进口国。俄罗斯和韩国是中国虚拟水的主要出口国家，印度和印度尼西亚是中国虚拟水的主要进口国。研究表明，中国沿海、内陆、东北、西北及西南地区的国内外出口贸易虚拟水依次减少，在贸易虚拟水足迹行业结构中，农林牧渔业是最大的虚拟水净出口部门，食品及烟草行业、建筑业、其他服务业是位于前三的虚拟水进口部门。

关键词： 投入产出分析     虚拟水足迹     进出口贸易     “一带一路”    

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Carbon Footprint Drivers in China’s Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants and Mitigation Opportunities

Shen Qu,Yuchen Hu,Renke Wei,Ke Yu,Zhouyi Liu,Qi Zhou,Chenchen Wang,Lujing Zhang,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.01.021

摘要： Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to address climate change is a global consensus, and municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development. However, achieving effluent discharge standards often requires considerable energy and chemical consumption during operation, resulting in significant carbon footprints. In this study, GHG emissions are systematically accounted for, and the driving factors of carbon footprint growth in China’s MWWTPs are explored. In 2020, a total of 41.9 million tons (Mt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) were released by the sector, with nearly two-thirds being indirect emissions resulting from energy and material usage. The intensity of electricity, carbon source, and phosphorus removing agent consumption increasingly influence carbon footprint growth over time. Through statistical inference, benchmarks for electricity and chemical consumption intensity are established across all MWWTPs under various operational conditions, and the potential for mitigation through more efficient energy and material utilization is calculated. The results suggest that many MWWTPs offer significant opportunities for emission reduction. Consequently, empirical decarbonization measures, including intelligent device control, optimization of aeration equipment, energy recovery initiatives, and other enhancements to improve operational and carbon efficiency, are recommended.

关键词： Municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs)     Carbon footprint     Driving Factors     Mitigation opportunities    

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LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 341-362 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023509

摘要：

● Carbon reduction potential of manure treatment technologies was summarized.

关键词： valorization of animal manure     manure management     carbon emission     carbon footprint     methodology     carbon trading    

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多尺度作物种植结构优化及其伴生效应分析 Article

刘琦, 牛俊, 杜太生, 康绍忠

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第28卷 第9期   页码 139-152 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.012

摘要：

在农业可持续发展理念的推动下，作物种植结构优化（CPSO）已成为减少区域作物耗水、保障粮食安全和 保护生态环境的有效措施。然而，传统的CPSO往往忽视了对区域粮食供需关系和省际间粮食贸易结构 的影响。本研究运用系统分析的思想，以虚拟水贸易为衔接点，提出了一个基于多尺度、全方位评价指标 体系的CPSO理论框架，并加以应用。构建了SWAT-WF的水足迹模拟模块，以模拟区域作物生产的水足 迹（WF）数量与组分。建立了以最大化区域经济水生产力（EWP）、最小化蓝水依赖度（BWFrate）和最小化 灰水足迹（GWFgray）为目标的多目标空间CPSO模型，以实现区域种植结构的最优种植布局。结合多层次 效益指标，构建了基于地区、省份和国家尺度的全面评价指标体系。通过熵权-TOPSIS综合评价模型，实 现多种CPSO方案的优选。以中国甘肃省内的黑河流域中上游地区为研究案例，验证本文提出的理论框 架，结合虚拟水贸易与系统分析理论为黑河流域确定了最优作物种植结构。优化结果以牺牲一定程度经 济效益为代价，显著提高了区域水资源效益和生态效益。

关键词： 种植结构优化     多尺度评价指标体系     水足迹     SWAT-WF模块     省际间粮食贸易     熵权-TOPSIS法    

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陆上风电碳足迹动态变化的国际比较研究

杨敬言,阮梓纹,杨秀,李朝君,边少卿,鲁玺,贺克斌

《中国工程科学》 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2024.07.013

摘要：

碳中和目标下国际风电产业将继续扩大规模，碳市场、碳关税等国际气候减排政策工具也在不断完善，未来可再生能源碳足迹对相关产业成本与发展将产生重要影响。本文以中国、欧洲、美国等风电产业优势国家和地区作为研究对象，构建陆上风电系统生命周期评价过程、生命周期清单，完成相关地区陆上风电碳足迹的参数比较并总结变化趋势，进一步分析趋势成因并阐明影响因素。结果表明，在风力机大型化加速、发电效率提高、工业生产清洁化的态势下，2011—2022 年世界优势地区的陆上风电碳足迹均呈下降趋势，中国、欧洲、美国的平均降幅分别为49.2%、46.2%、20.8%，相应下降量均集中在设备生产阶段；中国已将碳足迹下降至与欧洲接近的水平，与美国的差距缩减到3.63 g/kW·h，其中工业生产清洁化水平不高、风机容量因子偏低分别是中国陆上风电碳足迹高于欧洲、美国的主要原因。中国在推进风电产业发展的过程中，需着重提高风电系统发电效率、加快改善产业清洁化生产水平、支持风电系统退役回收产业发展，以稳步降低陆上风电系统生命周期内的碳足迹。

关键词： 风电；生命周期评价；碳足迹；国际比较；风力机大型化；工业生产清洁化    

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The calculation of equivalence factor for ecological footprints in China: a methodological note

Moucheng LIU,Wenhua LI,Dan ZAHNG,Ning SU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第6期   页码 1015-1024 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0670-0

摘要： The Ecological Footprint (EF), a physical indicator to measure the extent of humanity’s use of natural resources, has gained much attention since it was first used by Wackernagel and Rees in 1996. In order to appraise land area types with different levels of productivity, they introduced the concept of an equivalence factor. This relates to the average primary biomass productivities of different types of land (i.e. arable land, pasture, forest, water/fishery, built-up land and fossil energy land) to the regional average primary biomass productivity of all land types in a given year. Hence, the equivalence factor is an important parameter in the EF model and it directly affects the reliability of all results. Thus, this article calculates equivalence factors on the national and provincial levels in China based on Net Primary Production (NPP) from MODIS 1 km data in 2008. Firstly, based on the Light Utility Efficiency and CASA model, the NPP of different biologically productive lands of China and of different provinces was calculated. Secondly, China’s equivalence factor for 6 land area types was calculated based on NPP: arable land and built-up land has an equivalence factor of 1.71, forest and fossil energy land has a factor of 1.41, pasture has a factor of 0.44 and water/fishery 0.35; Finally, the equivalence factor of 6 land area types in different provinces was also calculated. The NPP of each ecosystem type varies along with the equivalence factor in different provinces. However, the ranking of the equivalence factors in different provinces remain the same, with that of arable land being the largest, and the water/fishery being the smallest.

关键词： ecological footprint     equivalence factor     net primary production     biological capacity     land types    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Spatiotemporal variation in water footprint of grain production in China

Pute WU,Yubao WANG,Xining ZHAO,Shikun SUN,Jiming JIN

期刊论文

WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

期刊论文

WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

Andreas BUERKERT, Kotiganahalli Narayanagowda GANESHAIAH, Stefan SIEBERT

期刊论文

The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

期刊论文

Reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with Agriculture Green Development

William J. DAVIES, Jianbo SHEN

期刊论文

Lifecycle carbon footprint and cost assessment for coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, storage

期刊论文

science really help us to produce more better-quality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint

William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON

期刊论文

Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

期刊论文

Promoting green transformation by ensuring food security while reducing the environmental footprint of

期刊论文

中国与“一带一路”沿线典型国家贸易虚拟水分析

孟凡鑫 ,夏昕鸣 ,胡元超 ,杨志峰

期刊论文

Carbon Footprint Drivers in China’s Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants and Mitigation Opportunities

Shen Qu,Yuchen Hu,Renke Wei,Ke Yu,Zhouyi Liu,Qi Zhou,Chenchen Wang,Lujing Zhang,

期刊论文

LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA

期刊论文

多尺度作物种植结构优化及其伴生效应分析

刘琦, 牛俊, 杜太生, 康绍忠

期刊论文

陆上风电碳足迹动态变化的国际比较研究

杨敬言,阮梓纹,杨秀,李朝君,边少卿,鲁玺,贺克斌

期刊论文

The calculation of equivalence factor for ecological footprints in China: a methodological note

Moucheng LIU,Wenhua LI,Dan ZAHNG,Ning SU

期刊论文