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2019, Volume 13, Issue 4

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering >> 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1832-1

Current understanding and applications of the cold sintering process

. Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.. Research Institute for New Materials Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China.. Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

Accepted: 2019-10-18 Available online: 2019-10-18
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Abstract

In traditional ceramic processing techniques, high sintering temperature is necessary to achieve fully dense microstructures. But it can cause various problems including warpage, overfiring, element evaporation, and polymorphic transformation. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel processing technique called “cold sintering process (CSP)” has been explored by Randall et al. CSP enables densification of ceramics at ultra-low temperature (≤300°C) with the assistance of transient aqueous solution and applied pressure. In CSP, the processing conditions including aqueous solution, pressure, temperature, and sintering duration play critical roles in the densification and properties of ceramics, which will be reviewed. The review will also include the applications of CSP in solid-state rechargeable batteries. Finally, the perspectives about CSP is proposed.

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