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Frontiers in Energy >> 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0492-4

A facile synthesis of high activity cube-like Pt/carbon composites for fuel cell application

Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

Accepted: 2017-08-22 Available online: 2017-09-07

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Abstract

High activity catalyst with simple low-cost synthesis is essential for fuel cell commercialization. In this study, a facile procedure for the synthesis of cube-like Pt nanoparticle (Pt ) composites with high surface area carbon supports is developed by mixing precursor of Pt with carbon supports in organic batches, hence, one pot synthesis. The Pt grow with Vulcan XC-72 or Ketjen black, respectively, and then treated for 5.5 h at 185ºC (i.e., Pt /V and Pt /K). The resulting particle sizes and shapes are similar; however, Pt /K has a larger electrochemical active surface area (EASA) and a remarkably better formic acid (FA) oxidation performance. Optimization of the Pt /K composites leads to Pt /K that has been treated for 10 h at 185ºC. With a larger EASA, Pt /K is also more active in FA oxidation than the other Pt /K composites. Impedance spectroscopy analysis of the temperature treated and as-prepared (i.e., untreated) Pt /K composites indicates that Pt /K is less resistive, and has the highest limiting capacitance among the Pt /K electrodes. Consistently, the voltammetric EASA is the largest for Pt /K. Furthermore, Pt /K is compared with two commercial Pt/C catalysts, Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo (TKK), and Johnson Matthey (JM)Pt/C catalysts. The TKK Pt/C has a higher EASA than Pt /K, as expected from their relative particles sizes (3–4 nm vs. 6–7 nm for Pt /K), however, Pt /K has a significantly better FA oxidation activity.

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