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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering >> 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0052-6

Improvement of detection method of and in reclaimed water

Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University;

Available online: 2008-09-05

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Abstract

and are two typical species of pathogenic protozoans that seriously endanger water quality. Previous works indicated that detection of and with modified United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method-1623 using a membrane filtration-elution for sample concentration attained better recovery and lower cost compared to the USEPA method-1623. Several improvements of membrane filtration-elution step as well as immunomagnetic separation (IMS) steps were investigated and an optimized method for detection of and in wastewater reclamation system was recommended in this paper. The experimental results show that an overnight soak of the membrane after scraping and vortex agitation before elution could enhance and stabilize the recovery. Increasing turbidity to 4 NTU by adding kaolin clay before filtration could effectively improve the recovery of low-turbidity water. Washing the concentrate after centrifugation and twice acid dissociation both reduced the impact of water quality to protozoan recovery. Protozoans in different water samples were determined by this optimized method, and the recovery of and were above 70% and 80% respectively, much higher than the acceptance of method-1623.

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