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2013, Volume 7, Issue 4

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering >> 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0407-x

Preparation and characterization of poly (vinylidene fluoride)/TiO

1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 3. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300160, China

Available online: 2013-08-01
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Abstract

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/titanium dioxide (TiO ) hybrid membranes were prepared using nano-TiO as the modifier, and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization results demonstrated that nano-sized TiO particles dispersed homogeneously within the PVDF matrix, contributing to more hydroxyls and smoother surfaces. Moreover, permeate flux, retention factor, porosity, contact angle and anti-fouling tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of TiO concentration on the performance of PVDF membranes. Among all the prepared membranes, PVDF/TiO membrane containing 10 vol.% TiO exhibited the best hydrophilicity with an average pure water flux up to 237 L·m ·h , higher than that of unmodified PVDF membranes (155 L·m ·h ). Besides, the bovine serum albumin rejection of the hybrid membrane was improved evidently from 52.3% to 70.6%, and the contact angle was significantly lowered from 83° to 60°, while the average pore size and its distribution became smaller and narrower.

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