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2014, Volume 8, Issue 4

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering >> 2014, Volume 8, Issue 4 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0654-0

Applications of nanomaterials in water treatment and environmental remediation

1. Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran 19569, Iran.2. Department of Environmental Biodiversity, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan 4491874551, Iran.3. Department of Fisheries, Agricultural Science & Natural Resources University, Gorgan 1439955471, Iran.4. Department of Environmental Science, University of Pune, Pune 411007, India.5. Department of Agriculture, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan 18610307, Iran.6. Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran

Available online: 2014-06-11
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Abstract

Nanotechnology has revolutionized plethora of scientific and technological fields; environmental safety is no exception. One of the most promising and well-developed environmental applications of nanotechnology has been in water remediation and treatment where different nanomaterials can help purify water through different mechanisms including adsorption of heavy metals and other pollutants, removal and inactivation of pathogens and transformation of toxic materials into less toxic compounds. For this purpose, nanomaterials have been produced in different shapes, integrated into various composites and functionalized with active components. Nanomaterials have also been incorporated in nanostructured catalytic membranes which can in turn help enhance water treatment. In this article, we have provided a succinct review of the most common and popular nanomaterials (titania, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), zero-valent iron, dendrimers and silver nanomaterials) which are currently used in environmental remediation and particularly in water purification. The catalytic properties and functionalities of the mentioned materials have also been discussed.

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